Experiential Quiz Flashcards
What are the theoretical concepts of person centered theory by Carl Rogers?
- Human potential and actualization i.e. the calling to become the best person that we can be.
- Conditions of worth which are formed through interactions with important people and the messages received
- The fully functioning person i.e. the person has authenticity and can respond with congruence and honesty and that is openness to experience, leaving with a sense of meaning and purpose, trust and congruence, internal locus of evaluation, being fully aware in the moment, unconditional positive regard and regard of others
- Organismic valuing process (OVP) i.e. a person’s intuitive ability to know what they need in order to feel fulfilled and self actualized. Accept the values of others as a way to maintain others positive regard. When the person’s OVP comes into conflict with his or her need for approval confusion results.
- Phenomenological perspective i.e. each person exists at the center of a constantly changing world of experience. Our perceptions evolve out of our experiences and influence all aspects of our lives. We react to life’s events in a way that is consistent with our own reality.
What are the theoretical concepts of gestalt theory ? ( A sum that is greater than its parts)
- View of human kind i.e. basically good and we have the innate capacity to self actualization but we do need help sometimes and we work towards developing awareness, inner strength and self sufficiency
- Integrating polarities i.e. the need for homeostasis can lead people to view themselves and their world as polarities or extremes
- Wholeness, integration and balance i.e. we cannot be divided into disintegrated parts, ambiguity is scary so people prefer stability and cohesiveness
- Figure (front)/Ground (back) i.e. constant flux, shift priorities based on nature and importance of rising needs. The figures we interact with require different parts of us.
- Ego boundary i.e. the organisms definition in relation to its environment and how we make sense of ourselves, the world and their relationship between the two. The two polarities of fluid ego boundary; identification i.e. recognize certain parts of ourselves in others which draws us to connect and alienation which is the inability to see mutuality between self and others and this causes us to disconnect.
- Awareness i.e. believes this can be by itself curative, attending to non verbal and re-experiencing the emotions in the here and now.
- Environmental contact i.e. looking, listening, touching, talking, moving, smelling and tasting are necessary for growth.
- Here and now i.e. when we are not present we became fragmented therefore as a therapist we are constantly bringing clients back to the present and what they are experiencing in the moment
- Nature of growth disorders i.e. these are disorders that are resistance to awareness and the client is overwhelmed by unfinished business and current issues seem to mirror unresolved past issues therefore the gestalt therapist works to bring these two be here and now for closure.
- Responsibility i.e. taking responsibility for our own lives rather than giving that power away by blaming others and keeping a healthy balance between interconnectedness and independence.
What are the 5 layers/stages of contact and growth?
- Phony - play games and inauthenticity
- Phobic - avoid pain by hiding themselves
- Impasse- feel confused, stuck and powerless; seek help
- Implosive i.e. aware they have limited self, experiment with change
- Explosive - reintegration and wholeness (authentic)
Why express emotions?
- They can unlock unacknowledged contact and deeper emotion
- Emotions long feared when expressed can give the client a sense of mastery
- Emotions can be released when soothed.
What are the different types of emotions?
- Primary emotions i.e. the emotions that you feel first. This are the founder mental responses to others actions and environmental stimuli i.e. distressing like fear, disgust, sadness, hurt or pleasing like joy/excitement and surprise.
- Secondary emotions i.e. reactions to primary emotions and they are more surface emotions created in response to unacknowledged primary emotions for examples self protection emotions like annoyance, jealousy, anger and confusion
- Instrumental i.e. learned or consciously intended to achieve the aim of affecting others.
What is emotional dysregulation?
When emotional needs exceed the emotional competence of the individual’s environment, the self must compensate. The overwhelmed self must attend to itself by developing strategies.
What are the key components of emotions?
- Emotional arousal i.e. physiological aspects of emotion, primary autonomic nervous system activity
- Emotional experience i.e. subjective, felt sense of the quality and intensity of emotions
- Emotional expression i.e. observable verbal and non verbal expressive behaviors such as facial expressions, gestures and tone of voice
- Emotional processing i.e. meaningful integration of emotion and cognition, resulting in emotional insight and organization of the clients sense of self and others.
What are the treatment goals of person centered theory?
- Facilitates people trust and their ability to be in the present moment i.e. promotes honest and full expression of emotion
- Self awareness
- Empowerment
- Optimism
- Responsibility
- Congruence
- Autonomy
- Helps people build an internal locus of control
- Become more aware of external reality
- Make better use of their potential
- Gain the ability to manage lives and resolve their concerns
- Become more actualized
what are the goals of gestalt theory?
- Promoting attention, clarity and awareness
- Helping people live in the here and now
- Improving people’s sense of wholeness, integration and balance
What are the person centered facilitating core conditions/
- Empathy
- Unconditional positive regard
- Congruence
What are the main points of gestalt theory?
- Integrating parts of self
- Prioritizing here and now
What are the 6 necessary conditions for the initiation of constructive personality change in person centered therapy?
If the counselor can create a relationship permeated by warmth, understanding, safety from any type of attack no matter how trivial and basic acceptance of the person as he is then the client will drop his natural defensiveness and use the situation to facilitate change
1.There must be a relationship in which both the therapist and the client perceive each other as important.
2. The client is in a state of incongruence, meaning that their life experience isn’t matching up with their sense of how they would like their life to be. This may mean not feeling like oneself, not living consistently with one’s values, or not meeting one’s potential.
3. The therapist must be genuine, as described above, including being aware of their own feelings.
4. The therapist expresses unconditional positive regard for the client, as described above.
5. The therapist feels empathy toward the client and demonstrates this empathic understanding through communication in session.
6. The client recognizes the unconditional positive regard that the therapist has for them. The client perceives that the therapist understands their difficulties and challenges, and has a non-judgemental attitude towards them.
What is the client change process in gestalt therapy?
These clinicians believe that awareness is the primary vehicle of change. If people can gain awareness of their unfinished business and their own strengths and resources they can grow and become more actualized. Most important is awareness though the body because most people overemphasize intellectual awareness and ignore messages from the body and senses. The counselor should establish a climate that promotes trust, awareness and a willingness to experiment with new ways of thinking feeling and actions. They should also focus on listening and helping clients find their own way.
What is the role of empathy in person centered therapy?
It is one of the core conditions and is defined as temporarily living in the other’s life, moving about it delicately without making judgements; it means sensing meanings of which he or she is scarcely aware but not trying to uncover totally unconscious feelings since this would be too threatening. I.e. frequently checking with the client as to the accuracy of your sensings.
What is existential anxiety?
It is a deep feeling of unease that arises from our awareness of the givens; our existence is finite, we are mortal and there is no purpose but the ones we create for ourselves. It is a positive sign rather than a pathological state; it recognizes that people need to accept responsibility and are engaged in efforts top create a worthwhile and meaningful existence i.e. living a more authentic life.
