Experiences Of War

Question 1

Continuity in recruitment

Answer 1

Until 1645 men aged 16-60 had to serve in their local area.They were pressed into service.
Men provided their own weapons and general musters were held every couple of years for inspection and training.
The king appointed the Lord’s Lieutenant to command each county’s militia.
In 1573 Trained Bands were set up from the local militia for monthly training by Muster Masters.

Question 2

Changes in training

Answer 2

New weapons and tactics required discipline and training.Hundreds of soldiers had to learn to act as one whilst being under fire.Early muskets were complicated to load and fire, musketeers also were trained to fight in rows or ranks and learn to work with the pikemen.

Question 3

Change - The New Model army.

Answer 3

In 1645 Pariliament raised a national volunteer army , with refular pay.It also allowed successful soldiers to be promoted based on merit.

Question 4

Cavalry under the Nea Model Army

Answer 4

Recieved 24 pence a day.
6600 cavalry were raised from existing forces - a well trained and disciplined force that remained under control in battle.
Instrumental in victory as they held a charge and finish an attack
1000 dragoons were also raised from existing forces

Question 5

Infantry under thr New Model Army

Answer 5

14,000 infantrymen were raised.Half from existing forces and half pressed.
Recieved 8 pence a day - same as a labourer.

Question 6

After the Civil Wars the volunteer army remained a

Answer 6

Normal part of society

Question 7

Impact of warfare on civilians before the Civil Wars

Answer 7

Requistion of horses and supplies disrupted businesses and trade.
Requisitioned merchant ships for transport for tne navy to transport soldiers and supplies.
Damage to civilian property was limited as battles were normally fought near Scottish borders.
Taxes increased and trade reduced.Workers earned lower earnings and high taxes, as well as rising prices.

Question 8

Impact of warfare on civilians during the Civil Wars

Answer 8

Both sides spent a lt and taxed highly in the areas they controlled.
Sieges caused a lot of damage 55,000 people made homeless during the Civil Wars and many castles were partially destroyed.Armies ruined crops also
Plunder was very common due to lack of pay and supplies from soldiers.
Requistioning of ships and supplies continued
Free quarter - admies forced communities to house and feed soldiers.