Expansion And Colonisation Flashcards
Why was the idea of the manifest designs becoming increasingly popular?
- the opening of the Oregon trail led to more Americans settling in the west.
- some Americans accepted the idea that the United States should occupy the whole continent from coast to coast
- John L Sullivan came up with it
- Americans accepted the idea Indians were savages
Mormons led further west. Why.
Ohio- Mormons setup businesses,banks and a successful mill,printing press
1837 bank collapsed.many blamed the Mormons for their loss of money
Missouri- Mormons forced to live their. They were attacked heavily though for anti-slavery beliefs
Nauvoo- Joseph smith announced the Mormon belief polygamy. Was shot by a mob because they thought it was blasphemy(offensive to god)
California gold rush 1848 encouraged thousands to move out west. List what happened
- News of the discovery was published in the newspaper and spread rapidly.
- 1849 miners were coming in from all over. By 1852 the population of California went from 15,000 to 250,000. This was the gold rush.
- by 1852 the gold rush was over
Native Americans life was suited well suited to the plains
Indians were…
Nomadic
Had tipis made of buffalo skin
Women owned the tipi and were responsible
Tipis were lightweight. Easy to roll up and load on a travois.
Plains Indians were divided into tribes and bands
- Native Americans were divided into tribes such as Arapahoe, cheyenne, Pawnee and Sioux.
- small groups called bands lived and hunted together. Each band had a chief and a council. The council made important decisions
- all Men apart of the warrior society.
- women prepared food and made clothes kept tipi
Native Americans depended on the buffalos
How did buffalos use plains Indians use the buffalo.
Bones used for arrowheads, needles and tools
Intestines used for cooking and buckets
Dung used for fuel
Rawhide used for belts, containers and harnesses
Tanned hide was treated To make it softer for bedding , clothes and tipi covers
To reduce the amount of dead Indians . They would
Count coup.
The Sioux enemies were mainly ….
Crow and Pawnee
Native Americans often took scalps. Why?
To prevent their enemies from attacking them in the afterlife. These were also displayed as an act of bravery
Native Americans were forced west beyond a permanent Indian frontier.
- At first native Americans were seen as part of a different nation the USA had to negotiate with
- 1824, a bureau of Indian affairs was set up. This was a government department to manage the relationship with native Americans
- they blocked the expansion westwards
In 1830, the Indian removal act creates a permeant Indira frontier. What was this
All native Americans had to move beyond this line to make way for American settlers
This was also done by force and thousands of native Americans died. This movement became known as the ‘ Trail of Tears’
The American government developed a policy of concentration and civilisation
1840s thousands of white Americans travel wes
1850s white Americans settled beyond the permanent Indian frontier on the edge of the plains
What was the Indian appropriations act in 1851?
Set up reservations(areas of land which were limited to native Americans that settlers couldn’t cross, that Indians could not leave)
This aggregated Sioux as this went against them being nomadic as they couldn’t follow the buffalos outside of their reservations
In 1851 the fort Laramie treaty was also signed.- what was the leramie treaty
Indian nations promised not to attack settlers on the Oregon trail as well and allowed some roads and forts to be build on their territory
Fort leramie treaty- tried to make peace between the Americans and the Sioux
What were exterminators?
White Americans who killed Indians
