Expanded programs on Immunization Flashcards

1
Q

organizational component of DOH charged
with preventing disease, disability, and death
from vaccine-preventable diseases in children
and adults.

A

National immunization program (NPI)

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2
Q

what is immunization?

A

through vaccine you introduces an antigen, and antigen produces antibody, to identify and neutralize harmful substances

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3
Q

when is the launch of EPI?

A

1976

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4
Q

decrease morbidity & mortality among
infants & children caused by 6 Immunizable diseases

A

Original objectives of EPI

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5
Q

EPI Principles

The program is based on
epidemiological situation;
schedules are drawn on the basis
of the ___________ and
_____________of epidemiological
features of the disease.

A

occurrence and characteristics

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6
Q

EPI Principles

The whole ___________ rather than just the
individual is to be protected, thus mass
approach is utilized.

A

community

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7
Q

EPI Principles

Immunization is a basic health service &
integrated into the health services being
provided for by the ___________

A

RHU

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8
Q

to reduce the morbidity and mortality among children against the most common vaccine preventable diseases

A

overall goal

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9
Q

Children should be injected with tetanus

A

Never

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10
Q

Importance of immunization

A

induce immunity

promote health

protect from diseases

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11
Q

strategies:

Conduct of Routine Immunization for
Infants/Children/Women through
the _____________

A

Reaching Every Barangay (REB)
strategy

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12
Q

Strategies:

Procurement of adequate and ___________ and __________and ___________to all
health facilities nationwide

A

potent vaccines and needles and syringes

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13
Q

Strategies:

Strengthening Vaccine-Preventable
Diseases ___________

A

Surveillance

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14
Q

Target age group of EPI

A

infants, children below 5 years old, women

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15
Q

Mandatory Infants and
Children Health Immunization Act of 2011

A

Republic Act No. 10152

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16
Q

Republic Act No. 10152- Mandatory Infants and
Children Health Immunization Act of 2011

Basic immunization for children under 5 including
other types that will be determined by the___________

A

secretary of health

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17
Q

Cold Chain Logistic
Management

A

Daily record> monthly report> analysis> annual statistics and estimates> request for supply> manufacturer> airport> DOH> LGU> Health Care Center> Vaccination Mother and Child

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18
Q

At RITM and Region there is __________

A

walk in cooler, walk in freezer, iced line

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19
Q

At the Province and City Health Vaccine Room there is
__________

A

transport boxes, Deep freezer(DF) 300 liter, Iced Line Refrigerator (ILR) 300, Vaccine Box

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20
Q

Guidelines of Cold Chain
Management

All vaccine refrigerators or freezers
shall be used exclusively for __________

A

EPI vaccines

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21
Q

Guidelines of Cold Chain
Management

Vaccines are stored according to the
__________ requirement for each antigen

A

temperature

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22
Q

Guidelines of Cold Chain
Management

Regular temp. __________

A

monitoring

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23
Q

Guidelines of Cold Chain
Management

__________ plan for emergency measures

A

contingency

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24
Q

vaccine most sensitive to heat

A

oral polio, measles, MMR

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25
Q

storage temperature of vaccines most sensitive to heat

A

-15 to -25 C

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26
Q

Storage temperature of least sensitive to heat

A

+2 to +8 C

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27
Q

vaccines least sensitive to heat

A

pentavalent, BCG, Tetanus Toxoid, PCV-13, IPV, Rotavirus and HPV

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28
Q

combination refrigerator/freezer unit

A

-group vaccines by type
-keep vaccine 2-3 inches aways from walls and other boxes

-post do not unplug stickers on electrical outlet, plug in one unit per outlet

-place thermometer probe in the center

-no vaccines in door, fill space with frozen packs

-no vaccines on top shelf

-no vaccines in drawers or on floor of refrigerator , fill space with cold packs or water jugs

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29
Q

Multi-dose liquid vaccines(OPV, DPT, TT, and Hepatitis
B) may be used in the next immunization sessions for
up to maximum of ____________, provided that all the
conditions are met

A

4 weeks

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30
Q

following conditions should be met for vaccine to be used in the next immunization

A

-expiry date has not passed

-the vaccine has not been contaminated

-the vials have been stored under appropriate cold
chain conditions

-the vaccine vial septum has not been submerged
in water

-the vaccine vial monitor on the vial, if attached,
has not reached the discard point

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31
Q

vaccine vial monitor stage:

the inner square is lighter than the outer circle, if the expiry date has not passed, USE THE VACCINE

A

1

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32
Q

vaccine vial monitor stage:

as the time passes the inner square is still lighter than the outer circle. If the expiry date has not passed. USED THE VACCINE

A

2

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33
Q

vaccine vial monitor stage:

DISCARD POINT: the color of the inner square matches that of the outer circle, DO NOT USE THE VACCINE

A

3

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34
Q

vaccine vial monitor stage:

Beyond the discard point. the color of the inner square is darker that the inner circle.

A

4

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35
Q

All opened vials of any vaccine must be
__________ if sterile procedures have not been
followed.

A

discarded

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36
Q

Freeze-dried vaccines, such as ____________
vaccines should be discarded after __________
reconstitution or at the end of the immunization
session.

A

AMV & BCG, 6 hours

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37
Q

If the_________ of the vaccine is ___________, the
vial/s should be thrown away.

A

potency, questionable

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38
Q

Compulsory basic immunization for infants and
children below 8 y/o

A

Presidential Decree No.996

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39
Q

Implementing a United Nations goal on
Universal Child Immunization by 1990

A

Presidential Proclamation No.6

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40
Q

Reaffirming the commitment of the Phil. to the
Universal Child and Mother Immunization goal
of the World Health Assembly

A

Presidential Proclamation No.46

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41
Q

Compulsory immunization against Hepa B for
infants and children below 8 y/o

A

Republic Act 7846

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42
Q

Policies on the Nationwide Implementation of
EPI

A

DOH Administrative Order No. 39 s. 2003

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43
Q

Implementing Guidelines on Hepatitis B
Immunization for Infant

A

DOH Administrative Order No. 2006 - 0015

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44
Q

Providing for mandatory basic immunization
services for infants and children up to five years
old

A

Republic Act No. 10152

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45
Q

Administration of Rotavirus Vaccine for Infants

A

DOH Memorandum No. 2012-0153

46
Q

Administration of Pneumococcal Conjugate
Vaccine-13 (PCV 13)

A

DOH Memorandum No. 2014-0155

47
Q

Administration of Inactivated Poliomyelitis
Vaccine

A

DOH Memorandum No. 2015-0164

48
Q

Guidelines in the Implementation of School-Based Immunization

A

DOH Memorandum No. 2015-0146

49
Q

Administration of Rotavirus Vaccine for Infant

A

DOH Memorandum No. 2012 – 0153

50
Q

Routine Schedule of
Immunization

Wednesday

A

designated as immunization day

51
Q

Routine Schedule of
Immunization

BHS

A

monthly

52
Q

Routine Schedule of
Immunization

Far flung areas

A

quarterly

53
Q

childhood immunizable diseases

A
  1. Tuberculosis
    (primary complex if less than 3 years old)
  2. Diptheria
  3. Pertussis
  4. Neonatal Tetanus
  5. Poliomyelitis
  6. Hepatitis
  7. Measles
  8. Mumps
  9. Rubella
  10. Meningitis
  11. Pneumonia
  12. Diarrhea
54
Q

Safe & immunologically effective to administer
all EPI vaccines on the _________ at ___________of the body.

A

same day at different
sites

55
Q

Measles vaccine should be given as soon as the
child is __________ old

A

9 months

56
Q

Vaccination schedule should not be _____________
from the beginning

A

restarted

57
Q

Vaccine should be given with the recommended
____________ interval

A

4 weeks

58
Q

Strictly follow principle of never, ever
reconstituting the freeze dried vaccine in
anything other than the ___________ supplied with
them

A

diluent

59
Q

what are the False contraindications to immunization

A

low grade fever

malnutrition

mild respiratory infections

diarrhea

other minor illnesses

60
Q

Repeat _________vaccination if the child does not
develop a __________ after the first injection

A

BCG, scar

61
Q

Generally, one should immunize unless the
child is so sick that he needs to be ___________

A

hospitalized

62
Q

what are the absolute contraindications to
immunization

A

Severe hypersensitivity reaction to previous
dose of vaccine

sign and symptoms of severe dehydration

Fever of 38.5 C and above

63
Q

Absolute contraindications to DPT vaccine

A

-over 5y/o
-convulsion or shock w/in 3 days of the most
recent dose
-active neurological disease

64
Q

Absolute contraindications to BCG vaccine

A

with AIDS or other immune deficiency diseases

  • immunosuppressed
  • therapy with immunosuppressive agents or
    irradiation
  • after 1 y/o
65
Q

Absolute contraindications to IPV

A

allergic reaction (anaphylaxis) to a previous dose

temp. ≥ 39°C

66
Q

Absolute contraindications to PCV 13

A

-allergic reaction (anaphylaxis) to a previous dose including diphtheria toxoid

temp. ≥ 39°C

67
Q

Absolute contraindications to rotavirus vaccine

A

-History of intussusceptions or intestinal
malformations, predisposition to intussusceptions

-ongoing
acute gastroenteritis or serious febrile illness

68
Q

Low birth wt. or prematurity are not
contraindications to ___________vaccination

A

hepatitis B

69
Q

Safe & effective with __________side effects after
vaccination

A

mild

70
Q

Doses of a vaccine less than the recommended _________ interval may lessen the antibody response

A

4 weeks

71
Q

No __________ doses must be given to children/mother
who missed a dose of DPT/OPV/TT/ Hepatitis B

A

extra

72
Q

how many doses of tetanus toxoid with dipteria, recommended time of administration, duration of protection

A

Td1= Anytime during
Pregnancy

Td2 =1 month after dose 1= 3 years

Td3 =6 months after dose 2 =5 years

Td4 =1 year after dose 3 =10 years

Td5= 1 year after dose 4= lifetime

73
Q

Tetanus Diphtheria Immunization dose, site, and method

A

o.5ml, upper outer part, IM

74
Q

<1/10,000

A

Very rare

75
Q

1/1,000 & <1/100

A

Uncommon

76
Q

> 1/100

A

common

77
Q

> 1/10

A

very common

78
Q

> 1/10,000 & <1/1,000

A

rare

79
Q

Vaccine Adverse Reactions

OPV

A

Recipient Vaccine Associated
Paralytic Polio (VAPP)-very rare

80
Q

Vaccine Adverse Reactions

IPV

A

Injection site erythema

Injection site induration

Injection site tenderness

81
Q

Vaccine Adverse Reactions

PCV

A

Fever >39°C

Injection site reaction

82
Q

Vaccine Adverse Reactions

DPT

A

fever 100.1°F-102°F

Injection site redness

Swelling

Pain

Fussiness

Drowsiness

Anorexia

Vomiting

Persistent screaming

Hypotonic hyporesponsive reaction

Seizure

Encephalopathy

83
Q

Vaccine Adverse Reactions

Hib

A

Fever
Injection site reaction

84
Q

Vaccine Adverse Reactions

Hep B

A

Fever

Headache

Injection site pain

Injection site redness

Injection site swelling

Anaphylaxis

85
Q

Vaccine Adverse Reactions

Rotavirus

A

Vomiting

Diarrhea

Irritability

Fever

86
Q

Vaccine Adverse Reactions

Tetanus Toxoid

A

Pain

Redness

Swelling for a few days at the site of the injection

87
Q

Vaccine Adverse Reactions

Measles

A

Fever

Rash

88
Q

Wheal raised >small tender swelling abt. 10 mm (after
2wks.)> after 2-3 weeks swelling become small abscess w/c
ulcerates > ulcer heals & leaves a scar (12 wks.)

A

Vaccine Adverse Reactions

BCG

89
Q
A
89
Q

Acute inflammatory reaction 2-4 days
of vaccination

Koch’s Phenomenon

A

BCG

90
Q

ulcer w/c persists after 12 wks. or
ulcer more than 10mm deep

A

Indolent ulceration, BCG adverse reaction

91
Q

BCG
Deep abscess at vaccination - refer to the physician
for _________

Do not ____________ the area of injection.

A scar will form ____________ after injection.

A

incision and drainage

massage

12 weeks

92
Q

MMR
If the child has fever give ______________ or any
appropriate antipyretic every __________ after
immunization

A

paracetamol, q4h

93
Q

Rotavirus

Reassure parents and instruct them to give
____________ to the child.

A

antipyretic

94
Q

DPT
If the child has fever give paracetamol or any
appropriate antipyretic every four hours after
immunization.

cold compress for ___________ for pain and soreness.

A

24 hours

95
Q

OPV

___________ 30 minutes before and after OPV

Do not touch the _____________ bottle to the tongue

A

NPO

dropper

96
Q

Measles Vaccine
If the child has ___________give paracetamol or any
appropriate antipyretic every four hours after
immunization

cold compress for 24 hours for
____________

A

fever

pain and soreness

97
Q

Tetanus Toxoid
No __________ for pregnant

For pain _________ compress 24 hours

A

medication

cold

98
Q

Infants who received one dose of BCG, three
doses each of OPV, DPT, and Hepatitis B
vaccines, and one dose of measles vaccine
before reaching one year of age.

A

Fully Immunized Children

99
Q

RITM means

A

Research institute for tropical medicine

100
Q

what are they doing in RITM?

A

Biologicals production facilities

Vaccine storage

101
Q

RITM Vaccine storage

A

Storage and Distribution Department receives, rejects,
quarantines, stores raw materials for vaccine production,
and distributes local and imported vaccines

102
Q

PITM biological production facilities

A

Purified Cobra Anti Venom

BCG

103
Q

Storage, Handling and
Disposal of vaccines

A

unsafe storage

spoiled vaccine

prefilled vaccine

104
Q
A
105
Q

MCV (Measles-containing vaccine)

Td (Tetanus-diphtheria)

MR (Measles-Rubella) vaccines

All school children enrolled in Grade _ & _

A

1 & 7

106
Q

measles vaccination history if evidences show either zero or only 1 dose to ensure that these students received at least __ MCV by school entry

A

2

107
Q

Students enrolled in grade 7 regardless of age shall be vaccinated w/ __ dose each of MR and Td vaccines on the _____ immunization session.

A

1, same

108
Q

component strategy in the prevention of cervical cancer

A

Human Papillomavirus (HPV) Vaccine

109
Q

All __ to __ years old female school children enrolled in Grade 4 shall be vaccinated w/ __ doses of quadrivalent HPV vaccine

A

9 to 13, 2

110
Q

Dosage and Route of HPV

A

0.5 ml, IM, left deltoid arm

111
Q

All students who received the first dose of HPV shall be given the second dose after ____________

A

6 months