Exp on Cam 10 Flashcards

Question

malignancy (n.)

Answer 1

noun [ C/U ] medical US /məˈlɪɡ·nən·si/ tissue that is growing because of a disease process and that is likely to cause death: [ U ] If this type of malignancy is discovered early enough, the outlook is pretty good. [ C ] a slow-growing malignancy

Answer 2

insurmountable adjective formal UK /ˌɪn.səˈmaʊn.tə.bəl/ US /ˌɪn.sɚˈmaʊn.t̬ə.bəl/ (especially of a problem or a difficulty) so great that it cannot be dealt with successfully: insurmountable difficulties insurmountable challenges This small country is faced with an insurmountable debt.

Answer 3

noun [ plural ] (also grass roots) UK /ˈɡrɑːs.ruːts/ US /ˈɡræs.ruːts/ the grassroots the ordinary people in a society or an organization, especially a political party: The feeling among the grassroots of the Party is that the leaders are not radical enough. noun ordinary people in a society or organization, rather than the leaders: The party's leaders are in danger of losing touch with its grassroots. Organizational change needs to come from the grassroots. adjective [ before noun ] involving the ordinary people in a society or an organization: The initiative has grassroots support. It will take a combination of grassroots efforts, education and global awareness. a grassroots movement/campaign

Answer 4

noun [ U ] UK /ˈtræk.ʃən/ US /ˈtræk.ʃən/ traction noun [U] (WHEEL/TYRE) the ability of a wheel or tyre to hold the ground without sliding: In deep snow, people should use snow tyres on their vehicles to give them better traction. I reduce the air pressure in all four tires during winter for better traction on slick, icy roads. traction noun [U] (ACCEPTANCE) the fact of an idea, product, etc. becoming popular or being accepted: In our digital age, it takes less time for new words and phrases to gain traction than it did in the past. to gain traction = to be accepted and popular

Answer 5

noun [ U ] US /ˈkæm·əˌflɑʒ, -ˌflɑdʒ/ a condition in which the appearance of someone or something when placed against a background makes the person or thing difficult or impossible to see: a camouflage jacket [ S or U ] The lizard's light brown skin acts as (a) camouflage in the desert sand. [ S or U ] something that is meant to hide something, or behaviour that is intended to hide the truth: Using smoke as (a) camouflage, the army advanced up the hill. He believed that her kindness was merely a camouflage for her real intentions. verb [ T ] to hide something, or to hide the truth about something: He camouflaged the payments by listing them as "building materials". Some industries' losses are camouflaged by gains in other industries. (of an animal or plant) to have a colour or shape that makes it appear to mix with its natural environment so that it cannot be seen or attacked: Often albino animals don't live long since they are unable to camouflage themselves. Textbooks use pictures of peppered moths camouflaged on tree trunks as evidence for natural selection.

Answer 6

noun [ C ] UK /ˈlɒr.i.ət/ US /ˈlɔːr.i.ət/ a person who has been given a very high honour because of their ability in a subject of study: a Nobel laureate

Answer 7

verb [ T ] UK /rɪˈteɪn/ US /rɪˈteɪn/ C2 formal to keep or continue to have something: She has lost her battle to retain control of the company. He managed to retain his dignity throughout the performance. She succeeded in retaining her lead in the second half of the race. I have a good memory and am able to retain (= remember) facts easily formal If a substance retains something, such as heat or water, it continues to hold or contain it: The sea retains the sun's warmth longer than the land. TIẾNG ANH THƯƠNG MẠI to keep or continue to have something, especially a position or money, or control of something: - Salespeople have developed novel ways to use the Web to reach or retain customers. - You retain the right to take legal action if you do not accept his decision. - retain control/ownership/possession The group will retain control of the business. - retain a stake/an interest The family retains a minority stake in the company. - retain your job/post Atkinson retained his post in the enlarged banking group.

Answer 8

adjective disapproving US /prəˈmɪs·kju·əs/ (of a person) having a lot of different sexual partners I suppose I was quite promiscuous in my youth. It's a fallacy that gay men are more promiscuous than heterosexuals.

Answer 9

[ U ] a very thin sheet of metal, especially used to wrap food in to keep it fresh: tin foil ``` foil noun (COMPARISON) [ C ] something or someone that makes another's good or bad qualities more noticeable: The older, cynical character in the play is the perfect foil for the innocent William. ``` verb [ T ] to prevent someone or something from being successful: The prisoners' attempt to escape was foiled at the last minute when police received a tip-off.

Answer 10

noun UK /ˈtæk.tɪk/ US /ˈtæk.tɪk/ C1 [ C usually plural ] a planned way of doing something, achieving a particular result: These bomb attacks represent a change of tactics by the terrorists. I think we'll have to change our marketing tactics. The tactics used by the salesman made her uncomfortable. The complaints are no more than a delaying tactic. a specific action intended to get a particular result: Oliver’s clumsy tactics doomed the plan from the start.

Answer 11

noun [ C ] (also chaperon) UK /ˈʃæp.ə.rəʊn/ US /ˈʃæp.ɚ.oʊn/ an older person who is present at a social event for young people to encourage correct behaviour: Several parents acted as chaperones for the school dance. Her mother and sister acted as chaperones during filming. verb [ T ] to be present as an adult at a social event for young people to encourage correct behaviour: Several parents volunteered to chaperone class field trips.

Answer 12

noun [ C or U ] UK /ˌɒs.ɪˈleɪ.ʃən/ US /ˌɑː.səlˈeɪ.ʃən/ oscillation noun [C or U] repeated movement from one position to another: The oscillations of the needle were so slight they were hard to detect. formal repeated change from one feeling or opinion to another: His mood never settled; there was a continuous oscillation between two extremes.

Answer 13

preposition, adverb formal UK /ˌnɒt.wɪðˈstæn.dɪŋ/ US /ˌnɑːt.wɪðˈstæn.dɪŋ/ C1 despite the fact or thing mentioned: Notwithstanding some members' objections, I think we must go ahead with the plan. Injuries notwithstanding, the team won the semifinal.

Answer 14

verb [ I ] UK /pəˈsɪst/ US /pɚˈsɪst/ C2 If an unpleasant feeling or situation persists, it continues to exist: If the pain persists, consult a doctor. The cold weather is set to persist throughout the week. to try to do or continue doing something in a determined but often unreasonable way: If he persists in asking awkward questions, then send him to the boss. The government is persisting with its ambitious public works programme.

Answer 15

noun [ plural ] UK /ˈlaɪv.stɒk/ US /ˈlaɪv.stɑːk/ animals and birds that are kept on a farm, such as cows, sheep, or chickens livestock farmers/industry/market The organic livestock industry has grown substantially in the last few years. - to raise livestock

Answer 16

adjective UK /ˈær.ə.bəl/ US /ˈer.ə.bəl/ (of land) used for or right for growing crops: arable farming/farmers/farms/land The country is rich in arable land.

Answer 17

noun [ U ] UK /ˌɪr.ɪˈɡeɪ.ʃən/ US /ˌɪr.əˈɡeɪ.ʃən/ the practice of supplying land with water so that crops and plants will grow: an irrigation system Dirty irrigation water can spread animal pathogens to fruits and vegetables.

Answer 18

verb [ T ] UK /ˈren.dər/ US /ˈren.dɚ/ render verb [T] (CAUSE) C2 formal to cause someone or something to be in a particular state: [ + adj ] His rudeness rendered me speechless. New technology has rendered my old computer obsolete. formal to change words into a different language or form: She is rendering the book into English from French. render verb [T] (GIVE) C1 formal to give something such as a service, a personal opinion or expression, or a performance of a song or poem, etc. to people: The singers rendered the song with enthusiasm. We see that freight railroads make good profits while rendering excellent service.

Answer 19

noun [ C ] UK /əˈɡrɒnəmɪst/ US a scientist who works in agronomy (= the science of farming): Agronomists were working on new ways to create healthier food while managing the environmental impact of agriculture.

Answer 20

noun [ C ] UK /kənˈsɔː.ti.əm/ US /kənˈsɔːr.t̬i.əm/ plural consortiums or consortia UK /kənˈsɔː.ti.ə/ US /kənˈsɔːr.t̬i.ə/ an organization of several businesses or banks joining together as a group for a shared purpose: a consortium of textile manufacturers The 11-member consortium, led by BP, sought funding from public bodies such as the World Bank. The Severn Tidal Power Group is a consortium of big construction and electrical companies. form a consortium Any move to form a consortium of all the UK's naval shipyard facilities would put jobs at risk.

Answer 21

— phrasal verb UK /waɪp/ US /waɪp/ US informal to lose control, especially in a vehicle, and have an accident: I was going too fast and I wiped out on the bend.

Answer 22

``` noun [ C ] UK /ˈes.tʃu.ə.ri/ US /ˈes.tu.er.i/ the part of a river or other area of water where it joins the sea, and where fresh water and salt water are mixed the Thames estuary the Rance estuary ```

Answer 23

adjective UK /ˈbær.ən/ unable to produce plants or fruit: We drove through a barren, rocky landscape. formal unable to have children or young animals not creating or producing anything new: She became very depressed during the barren years when she was unable to paint.

Answer 24

adjective UK /ˌpær.əˈsɪt.ɪk/ US /ˌper.əˈsɪt̬.ɪk/ (also parasitical) caused by or relating to a parasite: a parasitic disease parasitic insects

Answer 25

verb [ T ] formal UK /fəˈsɪl.ɪ.teɪt/ US /fəˈsɪl.ə.teɪt/ C1 to make something possible or easier: The new ramp will facilitate the entry of wheelchairs. The current structure does not facilitate efficient work flow. To facilitate learning, each class is no larger than 30 students.

Answer 26

verb [ T ] UK /əˈflɪkt/ US /əˈflɪkt/ If a problem or illness afflicts a person or thing, they suffer from it: It is an illness that afflicts women more than men. a country afflicted by civil war He was afflicted with severe asthma.

Answer 27

— phrasal verb to get rid of or destroy something, stop doing sth: The governor is proposing to do away with the state transportation department. These ridiculous rules and regulations should have been done away with years ago. Computerization has enabled us to do away with a lot of paperwork. How could they do away with a beautiful old building like that and put a car park there instead?

Answer 28

``` UK /ˈræd.ɪ.kəl/ US /ˈræd.ɪ.kəl/ radical adjective (VERY IMPORTANT) ``` C1 relating to the most important parts of something or someone; complete or extreme: We need to make some radical changes to our operating procedures. I'm just having my hair trimmed - nothing radical. C2 believing or expressing the belief that there should be great or extreme social or political change: He was known as a radical reformer/thinker/politician. These people have very radical views.

Answer 29

verb [ T ] formal UK /ɪˈrekt/ US /ɪˈrekt/ erect verb [T] (BUILD) to build a building, wall, or other structure: The war memorial was erected in 1950. The soldiers had erected barricades to protect themselves. (put up) They’re erecting a big circus tent. adjective UK /ɪˈrekt/ US /ɪˈrekt/ standing with your back and neck very straight: He's very tall and erect for his 78 years.

Answer 30

UK /ˌaʊtˈreɪ.dʒəs/ US /ˌaʊtˈreɪ.dʒəs/ B2 shocking and morally unacceptable: The judge criticized the "outrageous greed" of some of the bankers. [ + that ] It is outrageous that these buildings remain empty while thousands of people have no homes. These prices are just outrageous (= much too high). used to describe something or someone that is shocking because they are unusual or strange: outrageous clothes/behaviour an outrageous character unacceptable, offensive, violent, or unusual: He made outrageous claims.

Answer 31

adj UK /ɪnˈtækt/ US /ɪnˈtækt/ C2 complete and in the original state: The church was destroyed in the bombing but the altar survived intact. C2 not damaged: It's difficult to emerge from such a scandal with your reputation still intact.

Answer 32

noun [ C or U ] UK /ˈpreə.ri/ US /ˈprer.i/ a wide area of flat land without trees in Canada and the northern US đồng cỏ bắc mỹỹ

Answer 33

noun [ C ] formal UK /ˈkreɪ.dəʊ/ US /ˈkriː.doʊ/ plural credos a set of beliefs that influences the way you live, a statement of basic belief: His credo is "Less is more." This credo amounts to the central thesis of the book.

Answer 34

(ADD UP TO) to become a particular amount: Their annual fuel bills amounted to over £6,000. It doesn't matter whether you do it first or last - it all amounts to the same thing. His teachers thought he'd never amount to anything. (BE) to be the same as something, or to have the same effect as something: His behaviour amounted to serious professional misconduct. He gave what amounted to an apology on behalf of his company.

Answer 35

adjective UK /ˈvaɪ.ə.bəl/ US /ˈvaɪ.ə.bəl/ able to work as intended or able to succeed: In order to make the company viable, it will unfortunately be necessary to reduce staffing levels. I am afraid your plan is not commercially/economically/financially/politically viable. He would be a viable candidate for any office he wanted to run for. a viable business/company/market The fund exists to provide finance to viable businesses that have been rejected by mainstream lenders. Home-working offers a viable solution to the work/family conflict. a viable alternative/option/proposition BIOLOGY specialized able to continue to exist as or develop into a living being: There is a continuing debate about the age at which a human foetus can be considered viable.

Answer 36

UK /rɪˈvɜːt/ US /rɪˈvɝːt/ to return to doing, using, being, or referring to something, usually something bad or less satisfactory: Why does the conversation have to revert to money every five minutes? [ + -ing verb ] When they divorced, she reverted to using her maiden name. REVERT to SB to become the property of a particular person again: When I die, the house will revert to my sister.

Answer 37

verb [ I ] (nội động từ: một động từ mà có tân ngữ.) UK /əˈbaʊnd/ US /əˈbaʊnd/ to exist in large numbers: Theories abound about how the universe began. Coordination problems abound, and their solutions are facilitated when players have the ability to quickly acquire expectations about fellow players' behavior. Examples abound. The demilitarized... (list examples)

Answer 38

phrasal verb with abound verb [ I ] UK /əˈbaʊnd/ US /əˈbaʊnd/ If something abounds in/with other things, it has a lot of them: The coast here abounds with rare plants. The streams and rivers abound in fish.

Answer 39

``` UK /lʌʃ/ US /lʌʃ/ lush adjective (PLANTS) ``` A lush area has a lot of green, healthy plants, grass, and trees: lush green valleys lush adjective (PLEASING TO SENSES) very attractive to look at, taste, smell, etc.: the lush sound of the orchestra the lush taste of fudge ice cream ``` UK informal good or, of a person, attractive: We had a lush time on my birthday. He's so lush. UK /lʌʃ/ US /lʌʃ/ ``` a person who regularly drinks too much alcohol: She's a lush by all accounts.

Answer 40

adjective UK /ˈvaɪ.brənt/ US /ˈvaɪ.brənt/ energetic, exciting, and full of enthusiasm: a vibrant young performer a vibrant personality a vibrant city The hope is that this area will develop into a vibrant commercial centre. Vibrant colour or light is bright and strong: He always uses vibrant colours in his paintings. a vibrant democracy/economy/market Ireland went from a vibrant economy to virtual collapse in the space of a decade. Any credible financial centre has to have a big futures market, so a vibrant futures exchange is an absolute necessity.

Answer 41

adjective literary UK /ˈvɜː.dənt/ US /ˈvɝː.dənt/ covered with healthy green plants or grass: Much of the region's verdant countryside has been destroyed in the hurricane. They have, indeed, turned the desert into flourishing gardens and rich verdant countries.

Answer 42

bread basket noun (FARMING) [ S ] a large farming area that provides other areas with food: The Eastern Province is the country's bread basket. They are the bread basket areas that feed the world's urban populations.

Answer 43

PHRASE You use just about to indicate that what you are talking about is so close to being the case that it can be regarded as being the case: He is just about the best golfer in the world. What does she read? Just about everything. 'His memory must be completely back, then?'—'Just about.' very nearly; almost I've just about had enough I can just about tolerate it at the moment. We've got just about enough time to get there.

Answer 44

to start to do or deal with something: [ + -ing verb ] I have no idea how to set about changing a tyre on a car. I tried to apologize, but I think I set about it the wrong way. He took some bookkeeping courses and set about finding a job.

Answer 45

and so on; and other such things; et cetera Cheques, traditional payment systems, bank branches and so forth are all gradually disappearing. I recognise that there are issues around budgets and so forth. With the same salary, hours, working conditions, and so forth.

Answer 46

noun [ C or U ] formal UK /ˈper.əl/ US /ˈper.əl/ great danger, or something that is very dangerous: I never felt that my life was in peril. The journey through the mountains was fraught with peril (= full of dangers). Teenagers must be warned about the perils of unsafe sex. [ U ] The president said that we are entering a time of great peril. INSURANCE: the cause of an injury, the reason something has been damaged, etc.: The main perils covered are fire, lightning, explosion, and earthquake. do something at your peril used to say that what someone is intending to do is dangerous or could cause them problems These are grave environmental warnings, which we ignore at our peril. More than a million fled abroad, often at their peril. He spoke with the sort of quietly threatening tone that you ignored at your peril.

Answer 47

noun UK /ˈtɜːn.ə.raʊnd/ US /ˈtɝːn.ə.raʊnd/ turnaround noun (TIME TAKEN) [ U ] (UK usually turnround) the amount of time taken for something to happen after a vehicle, an instruction, or an order for goods arrives at a place: We'll have to improve the turnaround - three days is too long. Turnaround time for each order is, on average, four days. Management examined ways to speed up turnaround. turnaround noun (BIG CHANGE) (UK also turnround) an occasion when a business, plan, or system suddenly becomes successful: The CEO was responsible for the turnaround in the company's fortunes. (UK also turnround) a big change that turns a bad situation into a good one: What a turnaround - they were losing 3–0, they came back to win 4–3. Business was up over 40% in a dramatic turnaround from last year. The insurance group's focus on new products played a big part in its turnaround. a turnaround in sth The greatest turnaround in market conditions has been seen in the South East. a turnaround plan/programme/strategy The troubled insurer announced a turnaround plan to rescue the business.

Answer 48

noun [ C or U ] UK /ˌres.tərˈeɪ.ʃən/ US /ˌres.təˈreɪ.ʃən/ the act or process of returning something to its earlier good condition or position, or to its owner: The first task following the disaster was the restoration of clean water supplies. Restoration work on the Sistine Chapel ceiling is now complete. A large majority of the population is demanding the restoration of the former government. [ U ] She is in charge of the restoration of paintings in the collection. [ C ] Elise has worked on a number of 19th-century building restorations. the Restoration noun [ S ] UK /ˌres.tərˈeɪ.ʃən/ US /ˌres.təˈreɪ.ʃən/ the event in British history when Charles II was made king in 1660 after a period in which there was no king or queen Restoration adjective [ before noun ] UK /ˌres.tərˈeɪ.ʃən/ US /ˌres.təˈreɪ.ʃən/ relating to or from the Restoration: Restoration comedy/architecture/art

Answer 49

adjective UK /ɪɡˈzjuː.bər.ənt/ US /ɪɡˈzuː.bɚ.ənt/ exuberant adjective (PEOPLE) (especially of people and their behaviour) very energetic, and showing the happiness of being alive: Young and exuberant, he symbolizes Italy's new vitality. He is an exuberant dancer. ``` exuberant adjective (PLANTS) (of plants) strong and growing quickly ``` exuberance noun [ U ] US /ɪɡˈzu·bər·əns/ His exuberance is contagious.

Answer 50

noun [ C ] UK /stem/ US /stem/ stem noun [C] (CENTRAL PART) a central part of something from which other parts can develop or grow, or which forms a support flower stems Champagne glasses usually have long stems. stem noun [C] (WORD) the part of a word that is left after you take off the ending: From the stem "sav-" you get "saves", "saved", "saving", and "saver". verb [ T ] UK /stem/ US /stem/ to stop something unwanted from spreading or increasing: These measures are designed to stem the rise of violent crime. We must take action to stem the tide of resignations. to stop the flow of a liquid such as blood: She tied a handkerchief around the wound to stem the flow of blood.

Answer 51

behaving the way other people expect someone to, based on previous experience: True to form, he tried to get out of his doing any work.

Answer 52

verb [ I ] BIOLOGY /fledʒ/ US /fledʒ/ (of a young bird) to grow feathers and learn to fly: The chicks are expected to fledge in August. fledgling adjective [ before noun ] (also fledgeling) UK /ˈfledʒ.lɪŋ/ US /ˈfledʒ.lɪŋ/ new and without experience: The current economic climate is particularly difficult for fledgling businesses. Still in his teens, he pursued his fledgling career in journalism. Many fledgling companies need financial assistance. One of those fledgeling industries in the area is tourism. a fledgling airline/brewery/bank used for talking about someone who is just starting a particular type of job: She was able to help him in his fledgling career. a fledgling designer/developer/filmmaker

Answer 53

verb [ T ] formal UK /ˈstɪp.jə.leɪt/ US /ˈstɪp.jə.leɪt/ to say exactly how something must be or must be done: She agreed to buy the car, but stipulated racing tyres and a turbo-powered engine. [ + that ] The law stipulates that new cars must have seat belts for the driver and every passenger. [ + question word ] We have signed a contract which stipulates when the project must be completed. stipulation (noun) [ C or U ] UK /ˌstɪp.jəˈleɪ.ʃən/ US /ˌstɪp.jəˈleɪ.ʃən/ a rule that must be followed or something that must be done: Is there any stipulation concerning the number of people attending the conference? [ + that ] The only stipulation is that candidates must be over the age of 35. The only stipulation is that you have to register. As part of the deal they will issue shares of their common stock with the stipulation that the shares cannot be traded for one year.

Answer 54

adjective - mainly disapproving UK /ˌbjʊə.rəˈkræt.ɪk/ US /ˌbjʊr.əˈkræt̬.ɪk/ - relating to a system of controlling or managing a country, company, or organization that is operated by a large number of officials: The company was inefficient because it was highly bureaucratic. - involving complicated rules and processes that make something slow and difficult: I had a lot of bureaucratic hassle trying to get the information I needed. bureaucratically adverb She wanted to move to a smaller, less bureaucratically run company.

Answer 55

verb [ I ] UK /ræmˈpeɪdʒ/ US /ræmˈpeɪdʒ/ to go through an area making a lot of noise and causing damage: The demonstrators rampaged through the town, smashing windows and setting fire to cars. Several villages were destroyed by rampaging soldiers. noun [ C or U ] UK /ˈræm.peɪdʒ/ US /ˈræm.peɪdʒ/ violent and usually wild behaviour: Rioters went on a/the rampage through the city.

Answer 56

according to something: as per your instructions/letter/request The policy was not terminated as per your request. - as per instructions according to the instructions: I had two spoonfuls after lunch, as per instructions. - as per usual/normal as usual: Carlo turned up without any money, as per usual.

Answer 57

adjective approving UK /ˈsʌk.jə.lənt/ US /ˈsʌk.jə.lənt/ Succulent food is pleasantly juicy: a succulent peach. a big piece of succulent steak - a plant such as a cactus in which the leaves and stem are thick and can store a lot of water: Succulents often have thick waxy cuticles to minimize water loss.

Answer 58

adjective UK /ɪnˈdɪdʒ.ɪ.nəs/ US /ɪnˈdɪdʒ.ə.nəs/ - used to refer to, or relating to, the people who originally lived in a place, rather than people who moved there from somewhere else : So who are the indigenous people of this land? The indigenous population has long suffered exclusion and profound injustice. He studied Mixtec, an indigenous language of Mexico. - plants and animals that grow or live naturally in a place: Are there any species of frog indigenous to the area? The snakes are a serious threat to indigenous wildlife owing to their big appetites. - not foreign or from outside an area: The rise of indigenous Chinese enterprises has posed a threat to Hong Kong companies. They are doing this by the import of arms from Western sources and by the development of indigenous industries. TIẾNG ANH THƯƠNG MẠI operating or happening in the local area, not in other countries: indigenous firms The most profitable indigenous business is cocoa growing.

Answer 59

cautionary adjective formal UK /ˈkɔː.ʃən.ər.i/ /ˈkɔː.ʃən.ri/ US /ˈkɑː.ʃən.er.i/ giving a warning cautionary tale -noun [ C ] UK /ˌkɔː.ʃən.ər.i ˈteɪl/ US /ˌkɑː.ʃən.er.i ˈteɪl/ - a story that gives a warning: His career is recalled today as a cautionary tale of economic mismanagement. "Frankenstein" is a cautionary tale about the dangers of science. As a cautionary tale, the novel is a success. The song tells a grim cautionary tale about a kid who makes bad choices. The company's mistakes offer a cautionary tale for the games industry.

Answer 60

noun [ C ] literary UK /ˈkæt.ə.klɪ.zəm/ US /ˈkæt̬.ə.klɪ.zəm/ an event that causes a lot of destruction, or a sudden, violent change: environmental/natural cataclysms cataclysmic (adjective) UK /ˌkæt.əˈklɪz.mɪk/ US /ˌkæt̬.əˈklɪz.mɪk/ causing a lot of destruction, or a sudden, violent change: These countries are on the brink of cataclysmic famine. a cataclysmic eruption/tsunami/earthquake The Depression was a worldwide cataclysmic event. Greenhouse gases could cause a cataclysmic change in the world's climate. The consequences of bankruptcy are potentially cataclysmic. cataclysmically (adverb) UK/ˌkæt.əˈklɪz.mɪk.li/ US/ˌkæt̬.əˈklɪz.mɪk.li/ in a way that causes a lot of destruction or a sudden, violent change: Many wondered how the monumental twin towers could be toppled so easily and cataclysmically. We need an inquiry into what went so cataclysmically wrong.

Answer 61

noun [ C or U ] UK /juːˈtəʊ.pi.ə/ US /juːˈtoʊ.pi.ə/ a perfect society in which people work well with each other and are happy: Try and imagine a perfect society, a utopia, in which the government really got everything right. Humans, in the developed world at least, are as close to utopia as they are ever likely to be, argues the professor. utopian (adjective) UK /juːˈtəʊ.pi.ən/ US /juːˈtoʊ.pi.ən/ a utopian vision/ civilization

Answer 62

verb [ T ] UK /kjʊəˈreɪt/ US /ˈkjʊr.eɪt/ - to be in charge of selecting and caring for objects to be shown in a museum or to form part of a collection of art, an exhibition, etc.: She curated a recent exhibition of Indian artwork. a curated library of short movies available online - to be in charge of selecting films, performers, events, etc. to be included in a festival: a Messiaen festival curated by pianist Pierre-Laurent Aimard curate - noun [ C ] UK /ˈkjʊə.rət/ US /ˈkjʊr.ət/ a priest of the lowest rank, especially in the Church of England, whose job is to help the vicar (= priest of a particular area) ---- curator - noun [ C ] UK /kjʊəˈreɪ.tər/ US /kjʊˈreɪ.t̬ɚ/ - a person in charge of a museum, library, etc. Project managers and curators need to be aware that greater flexibility will be required. Despite the best efforts of curators and conservationists, no object lasts forever.

Answer 63

noun [ C ] UK /bruːd/ US /bruːd/ a group of young birds all born at the same time: The blackbird flew back and forth to its brood. ``` - ( humorous) a person's young children: Ann was at the party with her brood. --- verb [ I ] UK /bruːd/ US /bruːd/ ``` to think for a long time about things that make you sad, worried, or angry: I wish she wouldn't sit brooding in her room all day. He brooded over the insult. He brooded over what he had written before submitting it for publication.

Answer 64

adjective informal UK /ˈtwɪs.ti/ US /ˈtwɪs.ti/ A twisty road has many turns. The road is rather twisty, it has many trees and it is dark in places.

Answer 65

adjective disapproving UK /ʌnˈkempt/ US /ʌnˈkempt/ untidy; not cared for: an unkempt lawn He needed a shave and his hair was unkempt. They did not want their children to see them looking frail or unkempt.

Answer 66

adjective [ -er/-est only ] UK /freɪl/ US /freɪl/ C2 weak or unhealthy, or easily damaged, broken, or harmed: a frail old lady I last saw him just last week and thought how old and frail he looked. the country's frail economy

Answer 67

verb [ I or T ] UK /klʌtʃ/ US /klʌtʃ/ to take or try to take hold of something tightly, usually in fear, worry, or pain: Silent and pale, she clutched (onto) her mother's hand. Clutching the money to his chest, he hurried to the bank. He collapsed, clutching his stomach. --- clutch noun (MACHINE PART) [ C usually singular ] a device that allows turning movement to be sent from one part of a machine to another clutch noun (GROUP) [ C ] a fresh clutch of students a clutch of birds clutch noun (DIFFICULT SITUATION) a difficult and important situation that needs a lot of skill to deal with successfully: "This team was able to perform in the clutch every time," he said. He remained cool under pressure and made accurate throws in clutch situations. clutch noun (CONTROL) sb's clutches C2 [ plural ] humorous the control of someone: He is in/has fallen into the clutches of that woman. ---- adjective US [ before noun ] able to do something when it is especially difficult or especially needed: Moose, always reliable under pressure, was an amazing clutch hitter. He developed the reputation for being the big winner, the clutch performer. It was his leadership and clutch play that made him special.

Answer 68

— phrasal verb with clutch verb [ I or T ] UK /klʌtʃ/ US /klʌtʃ/ to try very hard to hold something: Feeling herself fall, she clutched at a branch.

Answer 69

verb [ T ] mainly UK UK /kənˈskrɪpt/ US /kənˈskrɪpt/ to force someone to serve in an army or work as a member of a group: He was conscripted into the army at the age of 18. Soldiers conscripted factory workers to build a wall around the city. Farm fields have been conscripted back into active service. --- noun [ C ] mainly UK UK /ˈkɒn.skript/ US /ˈkɑːn.skript/ a person who has been forced to serve in an army or in a group: Over half the army was composed of conscripts. We were volunteers, not conscripts. --- adjective [ before noun ] UK /ˈkɒn.skript/ US /ˈkɑːn.skript/ relating to or consisting of people who are forced to serve in an army a conscript army --- conscription - noun [ U ] UK /kənˈskrɪp.ʃən/ US /kənˈskrɪp.ʃən/ the act or process of forcing people by law to join the armed services: Ever since the war began he's been worried that the government will introduce conscription. The United States abolished conscription in 1973.

Answer 70

noun [ C ] UK /ˈheɪ.vən/ US /ˈheɪ.vən/ (SAFE PLACE) a safe or peaceful place: The garden was a haven from the noise and bustle of the city. They wanted to provide safe havens for the refugees. haven noun [C] (SMALL PORT) an area of water next to the coast where ships and boats can shelter, or a small port: These days the port is mainly used as a haven for small fishing boats. He sailed the boat straight to the nearest pirate haven to recruit a real crew.

Answer 71

``` UK /ˈtwɪt.ər/ US /ˈtwɪt̬.ɚ/ twitter verb (BIRD) ``` (of a bird) to make a series of short, high sounds: I was woken up by a bird twittering just outside my window. The only sounds were the birds twittering and chirping in the trees. twitter verb (PERSON) to talk quickly and nervously in a high voice, saying very little of importance or interest: She comes in here when I'm trying to work and just twitters on about nothing. The old ladies were twittering in the reception area. --- noun [ U or C ] UK /ˈtwɪt.ər/ US /ˈtwɪt̬.ɚ/ a series of short, high sounds made by a bird: We heard the faint twitter of birds. The twitters and chirps from the treetops grew louder.

Answer 72

adjective UK /prəˈfjuːs/ US /prəˈfjuːs/ ``` produced or given in large amounts: She was admitted to St Mary's Hospital with profuse bleeding. The company accepted blame and sent us profuse apologies. --- profusion noun [ U ] US /prəˈfju·ʒən/ a profusion of beautiful flowers --- profusely - adverb UK /prəˈfjuːs.li/ US /prəˈfjuːs.li/ ``` ``` in large amounts: She apologized/thanked us profusely. He was bleeding/sweating profusely. a profusely illustrated book Quinn was bleeding profusely. ```

Answer 73

UK /streɪn/ US /streɪn/ noun (PRESSURE) [ C usually singular or U ] a force or influence that stretches, pulls, or puts pressure on something, sometimes causing damage: - The hurricane put such a strain on the bridge that it collapsed. - As you get older, excess weight puts a lot of strain on the heart. - Their constant arguments were putting a strain on their marriage. - The recent decline in the dollar has put a bigger strain on the economic system. - Migration into the cities is putting a strain on already stretched resources. [ C ] an injury to a muscle or similar soft part of the body caused by using that part too much: a groin/hamstring strain [ C or U ] something that makes you feel nervous and worried: - She's a lot better than she was but she's still not ready to face the stresses and strains of a job. - He's been under a lot of strain recently. --- strain noun (TYPE) [ C ] a particular type or quality: A strain of puritanism runs through all her work. Scientists have discovered a new strain of the virus which is much more dangerous. --- strain noun (MUSIC) the sound of music being played or performed: I could hear the strains of Mozart in the background.

Answer 74

verb UK /streɪn/ US /streɪn/ strain verb (SEPARATE) to separate liquid food from solid food, especially by pouring it through a utensil with small holes in it: Could you strain the vegetables, please. The oil in which the fish is fried is strained off and used to cook potatoes. --- strain verb (PRESSURE) to become stretched or to experience pressure, or to make something do or experience this: - I've put on such a lot of weight recently - this dress is straining at the seams. - I strained a muscle in my back playing squash. - Don't watch TV in the dark - you'll strain your eyes! [ + to infinitive ] I really had to strain (= try very hard) to reach those top notes. I was straining (my ears) (= listening hard) to hear what they were saying. --- strain verb (MONEY) to cause too much of something to be used, especially money: Increases in wholesale oil prices have strained the company's finances.

Answer 75

adjective UK /ˌpriːˈmed.ɪ.teɪ.tɪd/ US /ˌpriːˈmed.ə.teɪ.t̬ɪd/ (especially of a crime or something unpleasant) done after being thought about or carefully planned: premeditated murder a premeditated attack The assault was premeditated and particularly brutal. --- adjective UK /ˌʌn.priːˈmed.ɪ.teɪ.tɪd/ US /ˌʌn.priːˈmed.ɪ.teɪ.t̬ɪd/ (especially of a crime or something unpleasant) done without being planned His falsehoods were unpremeditated and unintended because he had not carried out enough research into the subject on which he chose to embark. The board considers that in about half the cases of unpremeditated violence drink is a major factor.

Answer 76

noun [ C or U ] UK /ˈhɜː.bɪ.saɪd/ US /ˈhɝː.bɪ.saɪd/ a chemical that is used to destroy plants, especially weeds --- noun [ C or U ] UK /ɪnˈsek.tɪ.saɪd/ US /ɪnˈsek.tə.saɪd/ ``` a chemical substance made and used for killing insects, especially those that eat plants --- pesticide noun [ C or U ] UK /ˈpes.tɪ.saɪd/ US /ˈpes.tə.saɪd/ ``` a chemical substance used to kill harmful insects, small animals, wild plants, and other unwanted organisms: The pesticides that farmers spray on their crops kill pests, but they can also damage people's health.

Answer 77

adjective UK /ˌʌn.mɪˈsteɪ.kə.bəl/ US /ˌʌn.mɪˈsteɪ.kə.bəl/ not likely to be confused with something else: There was an unmistakable smell of incense in the air. The implication of this collection of traditions is unmistakable. --- unmistakably adverb UK /ˌʌn.mɪˈsteɪ.kə.bli/ US /ˌʌn.mɪˈsteɪ.kə.bli/ in a way that is very easy to see and not likely to be confused with something else: The discussions are unmistakably going in the wrong direction. She had an air of chic that was unmistakably French.

Answer 78

noun [ C or U ] UK /ˌsʌp.əˈzɪʃ.ən/ US /ˌsʌp.əˈzɪʃ.ən/ the fact of believing something is true without any proof or something that you believe to be true without any proof: That article was based on pure supposition. [ + that clause ] The investment was based on the supposition that there was adequate demand for a new modern office building.

Answer 79

noun [ C ] mainly US (UK usually sceptic) UK /ˈskep.tɪk/ US /ˈskep.tɪk/ a person who doubts the truth or value of an idea or belief: People say it can cure colds, but I'm a skeptic. to convince the skeptics --- skeptical adjective US /ˈskep·tɪ·kəl/ They’re very skeptical of his motives. --- skepticism noun [ U ] US /ˈskep·təˌsɪz·əm/ He displays a healthy skepticism toward his own beliefs.

Answer 80

adjective UK /ˈspek.jə.lə.tɪv/ US /ˈspek.jə.lə.t̬ɪv/ speculative adjective (GUESS) based on a guess and not on information: - The article was dismissed as highly speculative. - bizarre and speculative theories - The idea that a merger of this kind would ever take place is purely speculative. - highly/overly speculative adjective (TRADE) bought or done in order to make a profit in the future: - The office block was built as a speculative venture. - Some of these buyers are speculative investors. (a speculative investor is willing to accept a high level of risk in the hope of making a profit) adjective (JOB) done or sent in the hope of getting a job with a company although no job has been advertised: - If you know where you'd really like to work, don't be afraid of making a speculative application. - Send a speculative CV to Human Resources.

Answer 81

noun [ C ] UK /ˈpʌn.dɪt/ US /ˈpʌn.dɪt/ a person who knows a lot about a particular subject and is therefore often asked to give an opinion about it: - a political/foreign-policy/sports pundit - Wall Street pundits are divided over whether the economy is slowing down. - The collapse was not predicted by any of the financial pundits. - media/football/stock market pundit Since leaving politics he has built a career as a media pundit.

Answer 82

adjective UK /ˈsɒl.ɪ.tər.i/ US /ˈsɑː.lə.ter.i/ A solitary person or thing is the only person or thing in a place: - On the hill, a solitary figure was busy chopping down trees. - In the distance was a solitary building. - He was a solitary child (= he enjoyed being alone). ``` done alone: - solitary walks by the river - fishing and other solitary pastimes --- noun [ U ] UK/ˈsɒl.ɪ.tər.i/ US/ˈsɑː.lə.ter.i/ ``` short for solitary confinement : a punishment in which someone is kept alone in a room, especially in a prison: - After weeks in solitary, he started hallucinating. - Prisoners made a grim joke of their confinement, saying that solitary was like being dead in a coffin.

Answer 83

noun [ C ] UK /spɔːr/ US /spɔːr/ a reproductive cell produced by some plants and simple organisms such as ferns and mushrooms

Answer 84

adjective UK /ˌek.strə.təˈres.tri.əl/ US /ˌek.strə.təˈres.tri.əl/ in or coming from a place outside the planet Earth: - In those rocks may lie the best chance of finding extraterrestrial life. extraterrestrial beings Noun - The huge dome looks like a spacecraft belonging to an extraterrestrial. - Many people say they want proof that extraterrestrials exist.

Answer 85

noun [ C or U ] UK /ˌaɪ.diˈɒl.ə.dʒi/ US /ˌaɪ.diˈɑː.lə.dʒi/ a set of beliefs or principles, especially one on which a political system, party, or organization is based: socialist/capitalist ideology The people are caught between two opposing ideologies. --- ideological adjective US /ˌɑɪ·di·əˈlɑdʒ·ɪ·kəl, ˌɪd·i-/ - They voted along ideological lines. - ideological differences - There are some fairly profound ideological disagreements within the movement. --- ideologically adverb US/ˌɑɪ·di·əˈlɑdʒ·ɪ·kli, ˌɪd·i-/ - The government is ideologically opposed to spending more on the arts. - Little separates the two women ideologically. - The company is committed to hiring an ideologically diverse staff.

Answer 86

noun [ C ] PHYSICS specialized UK /ˈneb.jə.lə/ US /ˈneb.jə.lə/ plural nebulae or nebulas a cloud of gas or dust in space, appearing either bright or dark - The Orion Nebula is visible to the naked eye under dark skies. - Despite the enveloping nebula of uncertainties,... --- nebular adjective PHYSICS specialized UK /ˈneb.jə.lər/ US /ˈneb.jə.lɚ/ related to a nebula (= a cloud of gas or dust in space, appearing either bright or dark): - a vast nebular cloud which covers most of Orion - the nebular stage of the universe

Answer 87

infuse - verb UK /ɪnˈfjuːz/ US /ɪnˈfjuːz/ infuse verb (EMOTION) to fill someone or something with an emotion or quality: The pulling down of the Berlin Wall infused the world with optimism. The arrival of a group of friends on Saturday infused new life into the weekend. infuse verb (DRINK) [ I or T ] If you infuse a drink or it infuses, you leave substances such as tea leaves or herbs in hot water so that their flavour goes into the liquid: Allow the tea to infuse for five minutes.

Answer 88

swarm with sth — phrasal verb with swarm verb [ I ] UK /swɔːm/ US /swɔːrm/ If a place is swarming with people or things, there are large numbers of them moving around it: The garden is swarming with wasps. Something must be going on - the streets are swarming with police.

Answer 89

``` scalding adjective UK /ˈskɔːl.dɪŋ/ US /ˈskɑːl.dɪŋ/ scalding adjective (LIQUID) If a liquid is scalding, it is extremely hot: scalding tea scalding hot water ``` ``` scalding adjective (CRITICISM) If criticism is scalding, it is very strong or violent. ```

Answer 90

shabby - adjective UK /ˈʃæb.i/ US /ˈʃæb.i/ shabby adjective (BAD CONDITION) looking old and in bad condition because of being used for a long time or not being cared for: He wore a shabby old overcoat. Her home is a rented one-bedroom apartment in a shabby part of town. The refugees were shabby (= wore old clothes in bad condition) and hungry. shabby adjective (NOT FAIR) not honourable or fair; unacceptable: She spoke out about the shabby way the case had been handled. The company's treatment of women was shabby.

Answer 91

rover noun [ C ] UK /ˈrəʊ.vər/ US /ˈroʊ.vɚ/ rover noun [C] (PERSON) a person who spends their time travelling from place to place: Their uncle was a rover, never settling for long in any one place. rover noun [C] (VEHICLE) a small vehicle often used on the surface of other planets, controlled from the earth: the lunar rover that transported astronauts and their equipment Mars is in the midst of a full-scale invasion from Earth, from the polar landers to global surveyors to landers looking for fossils.

Answer 92

the biosphere noun [ S ] ENVIRONMENT specialized UK /ˈbaɪ.əʊ.sfɪər/ US /ˈbaɪ.oʊ.sfɪr/ the part of the earth's environment where life exists That icy world shows numerous signs of having a subsurface ocean and could conceivably harbor a dark, cold biosphere. sinh quyển

Answer 93

yield -- verb UK /jiːld/ US /jiːld/ yield verb (PRODUCE) to supply or produce something positive such as a profit, an amount of food or information: an attempt to yield increased profits The investigation yielded some unexpected results. Favourable weather yielded a good crop. ``` yield verb (GIVE UP) to give up the control of or responsibility for something, often because you have been forced to: They were forced to yield (up) their land to the occupying forces. Despite renewed pressure to give up the occupied territory, they will not yield. ``` ``` yield verb (BEND/BREAK) to bend or break under pressure: His legs began to yield under the sheer weight of his body. ``` ``` yield verb (STOP) (UK give way) to stop in order to allow other vehicles to go past: If you're going downhill, you need to yield to bikers going uphill. ``` noun [ C usually plural ] an amount of something positive, such as food or profit, that is produced or supplied: Crop yields have risen steadily. Yields on gas and electricity shares are consistently high.

Answer 94

residue - noun [ C usually singular ] UK /ˈrez.ɪ.dʒuː/ US /ˈrez.ə.duː/ the part that is left after the main part has gone or been taken away, or a substance that remains after a chemical process such as evaporation: She cut off the best meat and threw away the residue. The white residue in/on the kettle is a result of minerals in the water. LAW specialized the part of a dead person's money and property that is left after taxes, debts, etc. have been paid: The residue (of the estate) went to her granddaughter.

Answer 95

epochal adjective formal UK /ˈiː.pɒk.əl/ US /ˈep.ə.k.əl/ used to refer to times or events that are very important because they involve new developments and great change: An epochal shift in the global oil market is under way. an epochal moment in British culture Contact with an alien civilization would be an epochal and culturally challenging event.

Answer 96

remnant noun [ C usually plural ] UK /ˈrem.nənt/ US /ˈrem.nənt/ a small piece or amount of something that is left from a larger original piece or amount: the remnants of last night's meal remnants of the city's former glory a carpet remnant a mere remnant of extra-terrestrial biochemistry

Answer 97

cosmic - adjective UK /ˈkɒz.mɪk/ US /ˈkɑːz.mɪk/ relating to the universe and the natural processes that happen in it: cosmic dust/radiation informal very great: The earthquake was a disaster of cosmic proportions/scale. That's what we need to begin the long process of putting human existence in its true cosmic context.

Answer 98

adjective UK /əˈlɪt.ər.ə.tɪv/ US /əˈlɪt̬ər.ə.t̬ɪv/ using the same sound or sounds, especially consonant sounds, at the begining of several words that are close together: What he stands for is summed up in the alliterative slogan "compassionate conservatism". alliterative style She is a wonderful poet and this is an awesomely alliterative book. ---- alliteratively (adv) Alliteratively you can grow your own host plants and wait for the female butterfly ... ---- alliteration (n) "Round the rugged rocks the ragged rascal ran" uses alliteration.

Answer 99

inadvertently adverb UK /ˌɪn.ədˈvɜː.tənt.li/ US /ˌɪn.ədˈvɝː.t̬ənt.li/ in a way that is not intentional: - He inadvertently deleted the file. - I inadvertently ended up on the wrong street. - The text was edited in a way that inadvertently changed its meaning. - I'm worried that we might be inadvertently watering down the quality of the data. - We inadvertently threw away some of the receipts.

Answer 100

susceptible. adjective UK /səˈsep.tə.bəl/ US /səˈsep.tə.bəl/ susceptible adjective (INFLUENCED) easily influenced or harmed by something: She isn't very susceptible to flattery. These plants are particularly susceptible to frost. Among particularly susceptible children, the disease can develop very fast. used to describe someone who is easily emotionally influenced: They persuade susceptible teenagers to part with their money. (POSSIBLE) [ after verb ] formal (especially of an idea or statement) able to be understood, proved, explained, etc. in a particular way: Shakespeare's plays are susceptible to various interpretations. UK The facts are susceptible of other explanations.

Answer 101

lethargic - adjective UK /ləˈθɑː.dʒɪk/ US /ləˈθɑːr.dʒɪk/ having little energy; feeling unwilling and unable to do anything: I was feeling tired and lethargic. lethargy noun [ U ] US /ˈleθ·ər·dʒi/ Symptoms include loss of appetite, lethargy, and vomiting.

Answer 102

thereby adverb formal or old-fashioned UK /ˌðeəˈbaɪ/ US /ˌðerˈbaɪ/ as a result of this action: Diets that are high in saturated fat clog up our arteries, thereby reducing the blood flow to our hearts and brains. They had failed to agree to a settlement, thereby throwing 250 people out of work.

Answer 103

prime adjective [ before noun ] UK /praɪm/ US /praɪm/ main or most important: This is a prime example of 1930s architecture. the prime suspect in a murder investigation a prime source of evidence The president is a prime (= likely) target for the assassin's bullet. of the best quality: prime beef The hotel is in a prime location in the city centre. ---- noun (BEST TIME) [ S ] the period in your life when you are most active or successful: This is a dancer in her prime. Middle age can be the prime of life if you have the right attitude. I suspect this cheese is past its prime. ---- verb [ T ] - to tell someone something that will prepare them for a particular situation: I'd been primed so I knew not to mention her son. - to cover the surface of wood with a special paint before the main paint is put on - to make a bomb or gun ready to explode or fire

Answer 104

tutelage noun [ U ] formal UK /ˈtʃuː.tɪ.lɪdʒ/ US /ˈtuː.t̬əl.ɪdʒ/ help, advice, or teaching about how to do something: Under the tutelage of Professor Roberts, the 900 delegates assessed and discussed the social market economy. A study that compared essays written under the program's tutelage with...

Answer 105

quirk noun [ C ] UK /kwɜːk/ US /kwɝːk/ an unusual habit or part of someone's personality, or something that is strange and unexpected: You have to get used to other people's quirks and foibles. There is a quirk in the rules that allows you to invest money without paying tax. By some strange quirk/By an odd quirk of fate (= unexpectedly), we ended up on the same train. quirky adjective [ -er/-est only ] US /ˈkwɜr·ki/ a quirky, offbeat sense of humor

Answer 106

verb [ T or I ] UK /ɪnˈfleɪm/ US /ɪnˈfleɪm/ inflame verb [T or I] (CAUSE STRONG FEELINGS) to cause or increase very strong feelings such as anger or excitement: Reducing the number of staff is certain to inflame the already angry medical profession. Pictures of the bombed and burning city inflamed passions further. The image was used to inflame rather than instruct or reveal truth. verb (MAKE SWOLLEN) to make a part of the body become red, painful, and swollen; to become red, painful, and swollen: Asthma is a chronic condition that inflames the inside walls of the airways. It triggers antibodies which cause the lining of the gut to inflame, causing abdominal pain.

Answer 107

coronary noun [ C ] mainlyUK UK /ˈkɒr.ən.ər.i/ US /ˈkɔːr.ə.ner.i/ (also coronary thrombosis) an extremely dangerous medical condition in which the flow of blood to the heart is blocked by a blood clot (= a mass of blood): He's in hospital after having a coronary last week. Regular exercise reduces the risk of coronary heart disease. coronary artery/heart disease the hospital coronary care unit

Answer 108

exacerbate - verb UK /ɪɡˈzæs.ə.beɪt/ US /ɪɡˈzæs.ɚ.beɪt/ to make something that is already bad even worse: This attack will exacerbate the already tense relations between the two communities. Exacerbated by the export of Western lifestyle - ...

Answer 109

bypass - verb UK /ˈbaɪ.pɑːs/ US /ˈbaɪ.pæs/ to avoid something by going around it: We took the road that bypasses the town. The oil pipeline bypasses the protected wilderness area. to ignore a rule or official authority: They bypassed the committee and went straight to senior management. bypass noun [C] (OPERATION) (also heart bypass) a medical operation in which the flow of a person's blood is changed to avoid a diseased part of their heart: a triple bypass operation

Answer 110

in the face of sth despite having to deal with a difficult situation or problem: She left home in the face of strong opposition from her parents. But in the face of an impending global epidemic, none of these stopgap measures addresses the essential question:...

Answer 111

relentless - adjective UK /rɪˈlent.ləs/ US /rɪˈlent.ləs/ continuing in a severe or extreme way: relentless criticism/pressure relentless heat The relentless pursuit of wealth and power relentlessly adverb US /rɪˈlent·lə·sli/ He is campaigning relentlessly, trying to build support.

Answer 112

eddy - verb [ I ] UK /ˈed.i/ US /ˈed.i/ If water, wind, smoke, etc. eddies, it moves fast in a circle: The water eddied around in a whirlpool. [ + adv/prep ] If a large group of people eddies somewhere, the people go there together while constantly moving around within their group: He joined the flood of students eddying toward the second-floor lockers. She watched the small groups of protesters eddy across the courtyard. [ + adv/prep ] to come and go in large quantities, without becoming firmly fixed: He is adept at placing Einstein in the stream of ideas and theories that eddied about in the intellectual currents of the day. But what is all this stuff that eddies in your head all the time? ---- noun [ C ] a fast, circular movement of water, wind, smoke, etc.: The bend in the river had caused an eddy of fast swirling water. a situation in which a lot of things are happening or changing at one time: She was caught up in an eddy of social engagements. The swirling eddy of privacy concerns will be taken up by both House and Senate Commerce committees in the coming months.

Answer 113

rancid - adjective UK /ˈræn.sɪd/ US /ˈræn.sɪd/ (of butter, oil, etc.) tasting or smelling unpleasant because of not being fresh

Answer 114

plaque - noun UK /plɑːk/ /plæk/ US /plæk/ plaque noun (FLAT OBJECT) [ C ] a flat piece of metal, stone, wood, or plastic with writing on it that is attached to a wall, door, or other object: There was a brass plaque outside the door listing the various dentists' names. The First Lady unveiled a commemorative plaque. blue plaque UK a plaque on the wall of a house that shows that someone famous once lived there: The blue plaque said "Charles Darwin, biologist, lived here." plaque noun (SUBSTANCE) [ U ] a substance containing bacteria that forms on the surface of teeth: Bacteria attaches to the surface of teeth and forms plaque. Braces can make it difficult to remove plaque from your teeth. noun (RAISED AREA) [ C or U ] MEDICAL a small raised area on a surface inside the body, often caused by a build-up of material, or this material itself: In Alzheimer's disease, proteins build up and form plaques in the brain tissue. The growth of fatty plaque is linked to heart attacks and strokes.

Answer 115

accretion - noun [ C or U ] formal UK /əˈkriː.ʃən/ US /əˈkriː.ʃən/ a gradual increase or growth by the addition of new layers or parts: The fund was increased by the accretion of new shareholders. The room hadn't been cleaned for years and showed several accretions of dirt and dust. All that matters is the quiet accretion of wealth and the dedicated pursuit of commerce.

Answer 116

impede - verb [ T ] formal UK /ɪmˈpiːd/ US /ɪmˈpiːd/ to make it more difficult for something to happen or more difficult for someone to do something: Although he's shy, it certainly hasn't impeded his career in any way. Shortages of medicine were impeding the effort to control diseases.

Answer 117

embed- verb [ T ] (US also imbed) UK /ɪmˈbed/ US /ɪmˈbed/ - to fix something firmly into a substance - to include text, sound, images, video, etc. in a computer file, email message, or on a website: embed sth in/into sth When you upload a video, you get a code to embed it in your site.

Answer 118

rupture - verb [ I or T ] UK /ˈrʌp.tʃər/ US /ˈrʌp.tʃɚ/ to (cause something to) explode, break, or tear: His appendix ruptured and he had to be rushed to hospital. figurative This news has ruptured (= violently ended) the delicate peace between the rival groups. ``` - rupture yourself If you rupture yourself, you break apart the wall of muscle that keeps your stomach and your bowels in place, usually by lifting something too heavy. ---- noun [ C ] UK /ˈrʌp.tʃər/ US /ˈrʌp.tʃɚ/ ``` an occasion when something explodes, breaks, or tears: a rupture of the pipeline figurative a rupture (= an end to a friendly relationship) between the families There is a rupture in confidence in government. a medical condition in which the wall of muscle holding the stomach and bowels is broken apart: You're going to give yourself a rupture if you lift that.

Answer 119

disperse verb [ I or T ] UK /dɪˈspɜːs/ US /dɪˈspɝːs/ to spread across or move away over a large area, or to make something do this: When the rain came down the crowds started to disperse. Police dispersed the crowd that had gathered. It took several hours for the crowd to disperse. ---- dispersal noun [ U ] US /dɪˈspɜr·səl/ We have seen the violent dispersal of crowds of protesters. The seeds are adapted to dispersal by ants.

Answer 120

sizzling adverb UK /ˈsɪz.əl.ɪŋ/ US /ˈsɪz.əl.ɪŋ/ (also sizzling hot) very hot: It's a sizzling hot day today!

Exp on Cam 10 Flashcards

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