Exotic Animal Management: NHPs Flashcards
Non-Human Primates
Non-human primate (NHPs) members of the Suborder Strepsirrhini include the Tarsiers, Monkeys, and Great Apes.
True or False
False! Tarsies, Monkeys and Great Apes are members of the suborder
Haplorrhini.
Lemurs, Lorises and Galagos are Strepsirrhini
In general, Old World Monkeys, absorb Vitamin D poorly so dietary supplementation is particularly necessary.
True or False
False, it’s New World Monkeys who need Vitamin D supplementation. And all NHPs require Vitamin C diet supplementation.
Today, Rhesus and Cynomalogus Monkeys (or macaques) represent the majority of non-human primates (NHPs) studied in the biomedical research environment.
True or False
True, they make up 50% of total NHPs used in research.
NHPs represent <2% of animals in research.
___________________ (title of book) is an Institute for Laboratory Animal Research (ILAR) publication (1998( providing general guidance on how to provide for the mental health of non-human primates (NHPs) in the research environment.
The Psychological Well Being of Non-Human Primates
In challenging or stressful circumstances, ______, ________, and _______ are three typically submissive behaviors which non human primates exhibit.
lip smacking, presenting hind end, avoiding eye contact, and grooming
Many female NHP species develop pronounced __________ around their hind end that increases in pinkish-red color and turgidity as reproductive phases signal receptivity.
sex skin.
Which is an ‘Old World’ taxonomic family of Non-human primates?
Family Cercopithecidae
‘New World’ taxonomic families of NHPs
Cebidae
Aotidae
Atelidae
Pitheciidae
Callitrichidae
Which of the following is TRUE regarding social hierarchy of many NHP species?
a) A male’s social ranking is relatively stable over lifetime.
b) A female’s social ranking is transitory over lifetime
c) An offspring’s social rank is in large part dependent on father’s social ranking
d) Within a social grouping, there is both an alpha male and an alpha female.
d) Within a social grouping, there is both an alpha male and an alpha female.
a is False because it’s a female’s social ranking that is relatively stable over lifetime.
b is False because a male’s social ranking is transitory
c is False because social rank is dependent on mother’s social ranking
What are some dominant behaviors that NHPs express?
Direct eye contact, yawn, and open mouth to reveal teeth, aggressive posturing/lunging
What are New World Monkeys used for in research?
ID O C DD B R O
Infectious Disease
Oncology
Cardiovascular
Drug development
Behavior
Reproduction
Ophthalmology
What are Old World Monkeys used for in research?
ID I DD N
Infectious disease
Immunology
Drug Development
Neurology
What are the regulations regarding cage size for macaques?
6ft2 area and greater than 32 in height
NHPs housing room requirements for:
Room temperature
Relative humidity
Air changes/hour
Hour light cycle
Room temperature (64-84 F)
Relative humidity (30-70%)
Air changes/hour (10-15)
Hour light cycle (12-14)
How often should racks, caging, water bottles, pans and feed hoppers be sanitized and how?
Minimum of once every two weeks using a hot water cycle (143-180 F)
Enrichment devices for NHPs should be _______, __________, and ________.
safe, non-toxic, and durable
Apart from social interaction, what are some other forms of enrichment for NHPs?
Arboreal species (swings, perches), puzzle feeders (promote problem solving, tactile interaction)
dietary (fruit, nuts, granola, flavored ice, vegetables, also promote foraging)
tactile (mirrors, balls, chains)
chewing (wood, coconut husk)
In general, NHPs consume 3-5% of body weight per day split in 2-3 feedings per day
True or False
True
What are the minimum nutritional requirements of protein, fat and crude fiber for Old World Monkeys?
15% protein, 5% fat and >5% crude fiber
What are the minimum nutritional requirements of protein, fat and crude fiber for New World Monkeys?
25% protein, 9% fat and >5% crude fiber
What are some methods of individual identification for NHPs?
Tattoo (chest or thigh most common)
Collar or ear tags
Microchip
Clipped or dyed fur (unique pattern or color)
Handlers pose risk to animals due to the possible transmission of _______, __________, and __________.
measles, flu, and tuberculosis
Causative agent of ‘Bloody Nose Syndrome’ in Old World macaques
Moraxella catarrhalis
Causative agent for a devastating disease of captive research colonies
Mycobacterium tuberculosis
Common cause of blood-tinged, mucoid diarrhea. Associated abdominal pain often results in ‘praying posture’.
Shigella flexneri
Most common cause of watery (no blood or mucus) diarrheal disease in Old World Moneys
Camplobacter jejuni
Disease in both OW & NW primates that results in tonic muscle spasms, trismus (lockjaw), paralysis
clostridium tetani
