Exogenic/Endogenic Processes

Question 1

Breakdown of rock material at and near Earth’s surface is known as

Answer 1

weathering.

Question 2

Gravity Induced downslope movement of rock material is known as

Answer 2

Mass wasting

Question 3

A process which disintegrates rocks, breaking larger blocks or outcrops of rock into smaller clasts/rocks

Answer 3

Mechanical Weathering

Question 4

Decomposes rock through chemical reactions that remove ions from the original rock-forming minerals.

Answer 4

Chemical weathering

Question 5

Decomposition and disintegration of rock matter accomplished in ways influenced by organisms is sometimes referred to as

Answer 5

Biological Weathering

Question 6

The successive removal of outer rock sheets

Answer 6

Exfoliation

Question 7

is a process of erosion that happens in cold areas where ice forms. A crack in a rock can fill with water which then freezes as the temperature drops. As the ice expands, it pushes the crack apart, making it larger.

Answer 7

Freeze-thaw weathering

Question 8

Water molecules attach to the crystalline structure of a mineral without causing a permanent change in that mineral’s composition.

Answer 8

Hydration - Physical Weathering

Question 9

Water containing dissolved salts accumulates in these spaces. when the water evaporates, the salts stay behind growing into crystals, which will wedge pieces of rocks apart.

Answer 9

Salt crystal growth

Question 10

The element releases its bond with the mineral leaving behind a substance with an altered chemical formula. This chemical union of oxygen atoms with another substance to create a new product is called ___

Answer 10

Oxidation

Question 11

Materials expand or contract when subjected to changes in temperature

Answer 11

Thermal Expansion and contraction weathering

Question 12

is the removal of great weights of rock or ice that lie on the surface.

Answer 12

Unloading Weathering

Question 13

5 types of Physical Weathering

Answer 13

Unloading, Salt Crystal growth, hydration, thermal expansion and contraction, freeze-thaw

Question 14

A chemical reaction that causes mineral forming ions to dissociate and the separated ions are carried away in the water.

Answer 14

Solution

Question 15

Common type of solution that involves carbon dioxide and water molecules reacting with, and thereby decomposing, rock material.

Answer 15

Carbonation

Question 16

the breakdown of rock by acidic water to produce clay and soluble salts.

Answer 16

Hydrolisis

Question 17

the motion of this could be witnessed directly by people.

Answer 17

Fast mass wasting

Question 18

We can only measure the movement and observe its effects over long periods of time.

Answer 18

Slow mass wasting

Question 19

The slow downslope movement of water-saturated soil

Answer 19

Solifluction

Question 20

The gradual downslope motion primarily affecting a relatively thin surface layer of weathered rock particles.

Answer 20

Creep

Question 21

Mass wasting events that consist of earth materials plummeting downward freely through the air

Answer 21

Falls

Question 22

A type of mass movement in which much of the involved material is pulverized, and flows rapidly as an airborne density current along the Earth’s Surface.

Answer 22

Avalanche

Question 23

A cohesive/semi cohesive unit of the earth material slips downslope in continuous contact with the land surface.

Answer 23

Slides

Question 24

Are rotational slides where earth moves along a concave, curved surface.

Answer 24

Slumps

Question 25

Masses of water-saturated unconsolidated sediments that move downslope because of the pull of gravity.

Answer 25

Flows

Question 26

Tectonic forces that push two areas of crustal rock

Answer 26

COmpressional tectonic forces

Question 27

Element of rock structure where upfolds are called

Answer 27

Anticlines

Question 27

Element of rock structure where downfolds, in which the close the axis is to the younger are called

Answer 27

Synclines

Question 28

Pulls in opposite directions in a way that stretches and thins the impacted part of the crust.

Answer 28

Tensional Tectonic Forces

Question 29

A bending or crumpling of rock layers, occurs when compressional forces are applied to rocks that are ductile rather n=than brittle

Answer 29

Folding

Question 30

Slide parts of Earth’s crust past each other

Answer 30

Shearing Tectonic Forces

Question 31

Slippage or displacement of rocks along a fracture surface, and the fracture along which movement has occured is considered to be ___

Answer 31

A Fault

Question 32

2 Types of Slow mass wasting

Answer 32

Creep, Solifluction

Question 33

5 types of fast mass wasting

Answer 33

Avalanche, flows, falls, slumps, slides

Question 34

Are agents supplying energy within the earth

Answer 34

Endogenic Force

Question 35

Agents that are supplying energy for actions located at or near the earth’s surface

Answer 35

Exogenic force