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HISTORY OF ARCHITECTURE > EXIT EXAM REVIEWER > Flashcards

EXIT EXAM REVIEWER Flashcards

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1
Q

The three major parts of a mastaba are .

A

Chapel, underground burial chamber and shaft

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2
Q

The portcullis is the

A

vertical vent shafts that reach the top deck of the mastaba

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3
Q

The funerary/mortuary temple in ancient Egypt typically houses the image and artifacts attributed to the ____ ?

A

Dead Pharoahs

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4
Q

The campaniform is also known as the ____ capital.

A

Bell

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5
Q

This terraced temple complex constructed during the New Kingdom Egypt is considered representative of the height of temple architecture in the region through its balance, transition of spaces and integration of grand central ramps.

A

Mortuary temple of Hatshepsut

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6
Q

This is the gateway to the interior part of ancient Egyptian temples

A

Pylon

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7
Q

The beehive-like burial structure shared by both Myceneans and Minoans is called ?

A

Tholos

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8
Q

This is the Assyrian equivalent of the Sumerian and Babylonian ziggurat, with an inclined access that rises around the structure’s perimeter

A

Ramped Temple

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9
Q

Minoan columns were

A

more narrow at the bottom

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10
Q

This is the front porch of a Greek temple.

A

Pronaos

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11
Q

This is the space between the lateral wall of the naos in a Greek temple and the peristyle columns

A

Pteroma

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12
Q

This is the main hall of a Greek temple.

A

Naos

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13
Q

This is the upper band of the entablature

A

Frieze

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14
Q

The Mesopotamians, particularly Babylonians, used this as a mortar material to secure clay-bricks in place.

Also used as a waterproofing material

A

Tar/bitumen

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15
Q

The blue color of the bricks of Ishtar Gate came from.

A

Lapiz Lazuli

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16
Q

He is considered to be the most prolific builders among Assyrian rulers, credited for building the ramped temple at Khorsabad

A

Sargon

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17
Q

The tower of Babel has long been attributed to this Babylonian ruler

A

Nebuchadnezzar

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18
Q

This is the throne and audience hall found in the city of Persepolis, built by the Persian ruler Darius I

A

Hall of the Hundred Columns

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19
Q

This is the great hall found in early Grecian palaces

Also found in Mycenean Places

A

Megaron

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20
Q

The gateway to the Acropolis constructed when it was restored after the Persian attack is called the ____?

A

Propylaea

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21
Q

The Greek council building is called .

A

Bouleuterion

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22
Q

The covered colonnade in classical Greece usually found along the perimeter of an agora is called .

A

Stoa

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23
Q

This is the curvilinear passage dividing the upper and lower levels of seats of classical Greek.

A

Diazoma

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24
Q

In Greek Architecture, this is the upper-most step on which the colonnade rests

A

Stylobate

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25
Q

The combined three steps of a Doric temple is called

A

Crepidoma

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26
Q

These were the Roman blocks, several storeys high containing residential units at upper levels and shops at ground levels

A

Insula

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27
Q

This is the structure that collects rain water in a roman domus or villa typically located at the atrium

A

Compluvium-impluvium

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28
Q

The molding with arcaded pattern often found under

Romanesque church’s parapet capping is called .

A

Nebule

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29
Q

This is the covered walk, open gallery, or open arcade running along the walls of an abbey and forming a quadrangle.

A

Cloister

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30
Q

The wall in Romanesque structures, supported by the arch below it is called the .

A

Spandrel

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31
Q

This is the row of arches on piers or columns, oftentimes mounted by another row of arches on columns, found in most medieval churches.

A

Arcade

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32
Q
  1. This is the arched doorway of churches with receding frames and concentric arches mounted on equally receding continuous abacus above shafts with reliefs of saints or the apostles.
A

Portico

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33
Q

The curvilinear walkway that forms part of the apse is called the .

A

Ambulatory

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34
Q

This is the roofed or vaulted hall of an Islamic structure, open at one side to the exterior.

A

Iwan

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35
Q

This is the niche oriented towards Mecca.

A

Mihrab

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36
Q

This is the small-scale corbelled ornamental bracket and niches forming concave 3-dimensional segments decorating the soffit(underside) of arches or vaults, such as that of an iwan

A

Muquarnas

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37
Q

This is the collegiate mosque of the theological college for future Imams

A

Madrassah

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38
Q

An islamic palace, castle or mansion is called _____

A

Quasr

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39
Q

This is the gateway tower to a Hindu Temple, ornate, pyramid shaped and sometimes very large and elaborately sculpted with figures

A

Gopuram

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40
Q

This is the dome shaped part of the stupa, originally formed with earth i n earlier south Asian Stupas

A

Anda

41
Q

This is a ceremonial gateway to through the fence of a stupa

A

Thorana

42
Q

This is the period in Japan’s prehistoric period characterized by dwelling structures on stilts, similar to Southeast asian vernacular architecture

A

Yayoi

43
Q

This is the period in Japan’s prehistoric period characterized by pith dwellings with hearth at the center

A

Jomon

44
Q

This is the name given to the vernacular farm-houses in GIfu prefecture valleys, most adapted to the heavy snow and strong valley winds typical in the area, and so-called because they resemble a pair of praying hands.

A

Gassho-zukuri

45
Q

This is the sliding window panel made with long slender pieces of wood and waxed washi paper

A

Shoji

46
Q

The baldacchino of St. Peter’s basilica is done in the rococo style by this baroque architect, who also added St. Peter’s square

A

Bernini

47
Q

The original extended naive(Latin cross) design of the renaissance construction of the St. Peter’s basilica though not executed, was made by _____.

A

Raphael

48
Q

Among the most prominent example of the high renaissance period is the Tempietto of San Pietro Montorio, which was designed by ____

A

Bramante

49
Q

The palatial residence of the nobility in France which proliferated during the renaissance period is called ____.

A

Chateau

50
Q

Bauhaus founder

A

Walter Gropius

51
Q

The main building of the pyramid was _____.

A

Stonemasonry

52
Q

In the construction of the pyramid, the vaulting system used is the _____

A

Corbel Vaulting

53
Q

Trabeated system allowed the construction of the ______ in Egyptian temples.

A

Hypostyle hall

54
Q

Natural lighting and ventilation used in hypostyle halls include

A

Clerestory/Clearstory

55
Q

Ptolemaic period in Egypt saw the rise of architecture in the area

A

Greek

56
Q

Which of the following is false when it comes to describing Babylonian structures?

A

Post and lintel system was frequently used

57
Q

Palaces of the Babylonian and Sumerian cities were elevated mainly due to the fact that ____

A

a. The region experienced unpredictable flooding
b. The rivers kept on changing its direction
c. Elevated areas were advantageous in terms of defense during invasion

58
Q

These are the female figure columns were used to symbolize the triumph of Athens against another city state, and the slavery of the defeated state’s women

A

Caryatids

59
Q

This is the slight swelling and recession of the profile of the column to ensure in the viewers’ eye the illusion of perfect straightness or exact regularity

A

Entasis

60
Q

The Etruscans provided this prototype of burial niches later adopted by the Romans

A

Mausoleum

61
Q

Similar to the Greeks, the Etruscans have built tholi burial chambers using ____.

A

Corbeled dome with trapezoidal blocks

62
Q

Except for the absence of fluting, the Etruscan column share major similarities with the Greek ____.

A

Doric column

63
Q

Walls of Byzantine churches where primarily constructed with ___.

A

Bricks and mortar

64
Q

Pantheon is often attributed to this Roman emperor as its main building since he completed and significantly altered its design

A

Hadrian

65
Q

Triumphal arches have its origins in the ____.

A

Etruscan arched gates

66
Q

These were the Roman court houses which later on became the prototype for Roman Catholic churches

A

Basilica

67
Q

Groin Vaulting which later evolved into ribbed vaulting, elongated church plans, thick walls, small windows, mosaic ornamentation, bell towers, and arcaded facade and interiors are among the characteristics of this architectural period

A

Romanesque

68
Q

Large scale brick-dome construction supported by pendentives, mosaic ornamentation on brick wall, and greek-cross cross church plans are among the characteristics of this architectural period

A

Byzantine

69
Q

Motte-and-bailey castles and tower-naive churches are among the architectural characteristics defining this period

A

Old English and Norman

70
Q

Wall of early Christian and Romanesque churches where primarily constructed with ____.

A

Concrete and rubble

71
Q

Monastic community supported by the Franks in the holy Roman territories resulted to the emergence of this religious structure in the medieval Europe

A

Monasteries

72
Q

The limitation to the use of human or animal figures in Byzantine architecture was due to the _____.

A

Iconoclastic beliefs

73
Q

A narthex with an atrium is a feature often found in ____.

A

Early Christian basilica

74
Q

Because of the Lateral forces created by the arches Romanesque walls tend to require ____.

A

Significance thickness
Buttressing
Minimal Openings

75
Q

The onset of the Gothic period was marked by a reconstruction work for this formerly Romanesque church/cathedral headed by Abbott Suger

A

St. Denis Cathedral

76
Q

Gothic architecture became more acceptable in regions of higher latitudes of European than in the Mediterranean regions mainly because of that reasons

A

The possibility for larger windows allowed for warmer interiors

Brightly lit interiors were not as essential in Mediterranean regions of Europe

The steeper-pitched roof of gothic architecture was more suitable for regions with winter season

77
Q

The Dome of the Rock is among the earliest of Islamic mosques, built though the order of the ruler Abd al-Malik of the Umayyad caliphate and can be found in the city of ____.

A

Jerusalem

78
Q

It is called tōkyo or masugumi in Japan, this bracketing system, which originated in China and mostly seen atop columns on chinese gateways and roof overhangs is composed of two parts, the notched wood on which the bracket rests, and bracket arm

A

Dou-gong / Dougong

79
Q

This is the East-Asian version of the stupa which serves as a shrine for the relic of a Buddha, characterized by 5, 7 or 9 levels of roofs/eves, and with earlier versions serving as central axis from which halls and monks’ monasteries spread out.

A

Pagoda

80
Q

This is the Pillars and beam timber construction system of ancient Chinese architecture

A

Tai-Liang

81
Q

This is the Pillars and Transverse tie-beam timber construction system of ancient Chinese architecture

A

Chuan-duo

82
Q

The palace complex located in Beijing and constructed during the Qing and Ming dynasties (15th century AD) is about 760m from its North end to its South end and 960m from its east end to its West end, and is considered the biggest palace in the world is called ____.

A

Forbidden city

83
Q

This is the period in Japan’s prehistoric period characterized by large burial mounds similar to tumili

A

Kofun/Gofun

84
Q

This is the central pillar that act as earthquake damper in a 5 storey Japanese pagoda

A

Shin bashira

85
Q

The austere style of the Japanese tea house for tea ceremonies is often attributed to ____, who likewise popularized the wabi-sabi aesthetics of the tea house garden

A

Sen no Rikyu

86
Q

Realistic illustrations, which led to the integration of realistic frescoes in building were made possible by Brunelleschi’s invention of ____.

A

Perspective drawing method

87
Q

Quattrocento came after ____.

A

Romanesque Period

88
Q

Because of the presence of art patrons, republic system of governance, wealth of the Medici’s, the Quattrocento was basically centered in ____.

A

Florence

89
Q

The tripartite elevation displayed by the exterior of the Renaissance palazzo used ___ to separate floors levels into registers of walls and windows.

A

Cornice

90
Q

This is the renaissance period characterized by extensive reference to Greek classical orders, column and colonnade ornamentation, preference for balance and symmetry, and confidence in the integration of dome and lantern construction

A

High renaissance

91
Q

The original greek cross plan of the renaissance construction of the St. Peter’s Basilica in Rome was design contribution of _____.

A

Bramante

92
Q

High renaissance saw the shift of center of the arts, architecture, architects and craftsmen from Florence to ______.

A

Rome

93
Q

This architectural style is characterized by playful use of classical ornamentation with minimal focus on proportion, oftentimes applying the greek and roman temple character to buildings of various uses such as residences, catholic churches and civic buildings

A

Mannerists

94
Q

This architectural style is characterized by heightened ornamentation using sculptures, reliefs and even curvaceous walls.

A

Baroque

95
Q

The plateresque is mostly associated with Spanish gothic than the renaissance, even though it coincides with the baroque period, and this is mainly due to _____.

A

Its intense grotesque ornamentation

96
Q

The renaissance brought about the evolution of the pediment from triangular to ____.

A

Open shaped
Segmented/arched shape
Broken Pediment
All of the above

97
Q

The largest buddhist temple which also serves as an astronomical mandala, with 3 circular platforms atop 6 square platforms, built by the Mahayana Buddhist of central Java around 750AD and completed around the 9th century AD

A

Burubudur

98
Q

Multicorner ashlar stone masonry and pillow-faced architecture is generally attributed to the civilization

A

Inca

99
Q

This is the Incan citadel built on the Andes ridges above Urubamba river valley for the Inca emperor Pachacuti

A

Machu Pichu

HISTORY OF ARCHITECTURE (6 decks)

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