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Histopath Lec > Exfoliative Cytology > Flashcards

Exfoliative Cytology Flashcards

1
Q

histology of exfoliated, abraded, or desquamated cells

A

Cytology

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2
Q

give an example of body fluid that is being removed from the body

A

Cerebrospinal Fluid

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3
Q

study of cells directly taken from surfaces of excised specimens by touching them to a clean glass slide

A

Imprint/Abraded Cytology

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4
Q

Most of the preparations of the preparations that we are performing for exfoliative cytology will include the use of __________, ______________, and ____________

A

slides, smearing, and spreading

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5
Q

it is the microscopic study of desquamated cells from epithelial surfaces

A

Exfoliative cytology

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6
Q

study of cells that are being removed physically on the body

A

Exfoliative cytology

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7
Q

5 Purposes of Exfoliative Cytology:

A
  • Assessing cancerous conditions (staging0
  • Detection of asymptomatic cancers
  • Assessment of female hormonal activity (Sterility & Endocrine disorders)
  • Determination of genetic sex - Barr Bodies
  • Detects the presence of possible infection
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8
Q

Asymptomatic Cancer example and at what stage it can be diagnosed?

A

Cervical cancer (stage 3)

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9
Q

Example of a SCREENING test that can identify early if you have this Cervical Cancer

A

Pap Smear (Papanicolaou Smear)

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10
Q

Determination of Maturation Index (MI) is based on the examination of smears taken from the __________

A

Lateral Vaginal walls

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11
Q

Material from fluids of the body may be examined either by:

A

Preparation of Smears
Preparation of Tissue Blocks (Cell Blocks)

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12
Q

8 Various regions of preparing Exfoliative cytology

A

Vaginal smear
Endometrial & Endocervical smear
Prostatic & Breast secretions
Gastric or Bronchial secretions
Pleural or Peritoneal fluids
Sputum
Smears on urine sediments
Cerebrospinal fluid

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13
Q

In smear preparation, we should make smears from ___________ and should not have?

A

fresh and moist material on clean slide;
clumps

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14
Q

it is used to put identifiers on the smear (name, age, date, and type of smear)

A

Diamond pen / lead pencil

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15
Q

Immerse smears ___________ in ___________ by a single uninterrupted motion

A

Immediately; 95% ethanol

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16
Q

Spray fixatives should be sprayed __________

A

12 inches or 1 foot away

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17
Q

1 hour is the optimal time to submerge the smear in the fixative to allow _______ , ___________, and _________.

A

dehydration, adhesion and maximal penetration of the fixative

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18
Q

Smears should be made from fresh material, prepared in the __________ or ___________

A

doctor’s office or radiology units

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19
Q

The commonly received cytoprep is that of the __________

A

“thin prep”

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20
Q

__________ is avoided with smears for cytological detection of neoplasia because it change the appearance of the cells

A

Air drying

21
Q

These are stained in parallel to sections of the bone marrow core biopsy

A

Marrow Smears

22
Q

it is the best (yet flammable) fixative

A

95% ethanol-ether

23
Q

it is the routinely used fixative

A

95% ethanol

24
Q

if the smears cannot be made immediately, it should be placed in ______________ for all types of effusions and replaced with ____________

A

50% alcohol: Saccomano’s preservative

25
Q

Saccomano’s Components

A

50% ethanol and 2% carbowax

26
Q

If we are going to store our sample, we will add _______ and refrigerate it in what concentrations?
Pleural/Peritoneal:
Sputum:
Urine, Bronchial, Gastric:

A

Alcohol;
Pleural/Peritoneal: 50%
Sputum: 70%
Urine, Bronchial, Gastric: 95%

27
Q

Mailed specimen are air dried for _______ after 2 hours fixation & place in a container

A

10-15 minutues

28
Q

If specimen is more than a few drops, Centrifuge at ________________

A

2,000 rpm (rotations per minute) for 2 minutes

29
Q

Extra sediment can be used for ___________

A

Cell block technique

30
Q

General Processing:
Viscous Specimen (Cervical, Vaginal, Prostate secretion)

A

Immerse in Ether Alcohol ASAP

31
Q

General Processing:
Mucoid Specimens (Sputum, Bronchial and Stomach secretions)

A

Dry smear edges before fixing (to avoid runoff)

32
Q

General Processing:
Bloody specimens

A

RBC can be destroyed by adding 2-5 mL of concentrated Acetic acid per 100mL of the specimen

33
Q

General Processing:
Watery Specimens (Urine, Exudate, Aspirate)

A

Specimen is centrifuged first, and the sediment is smeared in an albumin, coated glass slide.

34
Q

_________ is not recommended since it will retain the Orange-Green of the Pap Stain

A

Albumin

35
Q

4 Specimens that require adhesives:

A
  • Urinary sediment
  • BAL (Bronchoalveolar lavage)
  • Specimens with proteolytic enzymes (saliva)
  • Concentrated sputum
36
Q

Characteristics of Adhesives:

A

permeable to both fixative and stain

37
Q

Examples of good Adhesives:

A
  • Pooled Serum/Plasma
  • Celloidin Ether Alcohol
  • Leuconostoc Culture
38
Q

2 major areas of Specimen:

A

Non-gynecologic specimens
Gynecologic specimens

39
Q

Gynecologic specimens:

A

Vaginal and Cervical Specimens

40
Q

7 Non-Gynecologic specimens:

A
  • Respiratory Specimens
  • Gastrointestinal Specimens
  • Peritoneal, Pleural, & Pericardial Smears
  • Urine
  • Breast Secretions
  • Cerebrospinal Fluid
  • Prostatic Secretion
41
Q

4 Respiratory Specimens:

A
  • Sputum
  • Bronchial Brushing
  • Bronchoalveolar Lavage/ Bronchial Washing
  • Bronchial Aspirate
42
Q

3 Gastrointestinal Specimens:

A
  • Gastric Lavage
  • Gastric Brush
  • Submucosal Lesion FNA
43
Q

Sputum:
demonstrate abnormal cells _______ in disease

A

early

44
Q

Sputum:
fresh, unfixed, atleast _____ consecutive __________________ sputum

A

3; early morning

45
Q

Sputum:
patients unable to produce sputum : ______________ by inhalation of _____________ for ____ minutes

A

INDUCED SPUTUM; Aerosol solution for 20 minutes

46
Q

Sputum:
Wide mouthed bottle w/ _____________ fluid

A

Saccomano’s fluid

47
Q

3 consecutive samples with _____ hour interval each sample

A

1 hour

48
Q

absence of ___________ and __________________ indicate that only saliva was collected

A

histiocytes & alveolar macrophages

Histopath Lec (6 decks)

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