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Bio 231 lab exam #1 > exersise 1 > Flashcards

exersise 1 Flashcards

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Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q

What is a microscope used for?

A

To magnify tiny cells so they can be observed

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2
Q

What is the name of the platform where you place the slide to be examined?

A

Stage

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3
Q

What holds the microscope slide in place on the stage?

A

Mechanical Stage

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4
Q

What is the source of light for the microscope called?

A

Lamp

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5
Q

What does the Iris Diaphragm do?

A

It regulates the amount of light that passes through the microscope slide.

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6
Q

The oculars are?

A

The part of the microscope we look into.

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7
Q

The________ is a dark black line you see within the oculars that allow you to show the professor what it is you see and have a question about.

A

Pointer

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8
Q

The oculars alone have how much magnification?

A

10x

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9
Q

What are the lenses called that are attached to the nose piece and allow you to change the strength of magnification?

A

The objectives

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10
Q

How many objectives are there?

A

4

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11
Q

Scanning power is…

A

4x magnification

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12
Q

10x magnification is…?

A

Low power

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13
Q

How much magnification is the high power objective?

A

40x

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14
Q

The oil immersion objective is…

A

100x magnification

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15
Q

Why do you want to center your specimen prior to observing it?

A

Only the center region of the field is magnified when you changer to the next higher magnification.

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16
Q

How do you calculate the total magnification of a particular specimen?

A

Multiply the power of the ocular lens and the specified objective lens being used.

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17
Q

Both the Coarse adjustment and the Fine adjustment do what?

A

Move the stage up and down in order to focus.

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18
Q

The _______ adjustment is used first to focus.

A

Coarse

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19
Q

When is tho only time the Coarse adjustment should be used?

A

With scanning power or low power objectives.

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20
Q

In the metric system, the base unit of length is?

A

Meter (m)- equivalent to about 1 yard

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21
Q

The base unit of Volume is?

A

Liter (L)- equivalent to about 1 quart

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22
Q

What is the base unit of weight?

A

Gram (g)

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23
Q

In metric, degrees Fahrenheit is?

A

degrees Celsius

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24
Q

Convert the boiling point of water, 212 degrees Fahrenheit, to degrees Celsius?

A

100 degrees Celsius

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25
Q

98.6 degrees Fahrenheit (Human body temp.) is what in Celsius?

A

37 degrees Celsius

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26
Q

Typical room temperature is 75 degrees Fahrenheit, what is that in Celsius?

A

24 degrees Celsius.

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27
Q

The freezing point of water is 32 degrees Fahrenheit, what is the freezing point of water in Celsius?

A

0 degrees Celsius

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28
Q

At what temperature are degrees Celsius and degrees Fahrenheit the same?

A

-40 degrees

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29
Q

The name of a hydrocarbon with one carbon atom is?

A

Methane

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30
Q

A hydrocarbon with two carbon atoms is?

A

Ethane

31
Q

Propane has how many carbon atoms?

A

3

32
Q

How many carbon atoms does Butane have?

A

4

33
Q

This hydrocarbon has 5 carbon atoms…

A

Pentane

34
Q

A hydrocarbon with 6 carbon atoms is?

A

Hexane

35
Q

7 carbons is?

A

Heptane

36
Q

8 carbons is?

A

Octane

37
Q

What hydrocarbon has 9 carbon atoms?

A

Nonane

38
Q

Decane has how many carbon atoms?

A

10

39
Q

what does the ending “ane” indicate?

A

That it is a simple hydrogen with only single covalent bonds.

40
Q

In model of a molecule, what does the color black represent?

A

Carbon

41
Q

In a model of a molecule, what color is hydrogen?

A

Yellow

42
Q

What color is oxygen in a model of a molecule?

A

Red

43
Q

What color does blue represent in a model of a molecule?

A

Nitrogen

44
Q

What do Hydroxyl groups form?

A

Alcohols

45
Q

Where does the functional group go in the molecular formula?

A

At the end.

46
Q

What do Hydroxyl groups end with?

A

-ANOL

47
Q

A molecule with a carbonyl group on the end of a hydrocarbon chain is called an?

A

Aldehyde

48
Q

A carbonyl group not on the end of a molecule is called?

A

A ketone.

49
Q

Carbonyl groups end in?

A

-ANAL

50
Q

Amino groups form?

A

Amines

51
Q

What do Amino groups end with?

A

-ANAMINE

52
Q

What do carboxyl groups form?

A

Acids

53
Q

What do carboxyl groups end with?

A

-ANOIC ACID

54
Q

What are the intermolecular bonds that hold the atoms of a water molecule together?

A

A polar covalent bond.

55
Q

What are the intermolecular bonds that hold water molecules together?

A

Hydrogen bonds

56
Q

What are the three phases of water?

A

Solid, Liquid, and Gas

57
Q

What happens to water as a solid as a molecular level?

A

The molecules move very little (or not at all), each water molecule is spaced and aligned to achieve the maximum of four hydrogen bonds.

58
Q

What happens when you add heat to ice?

A

The energy from the heat makes the molecules move faster, distributing some of the hydrogen bonds, this makes it change from a solid to a liquid.

59
Q

How does water change from a liquid to a gas (vapor)?

A

The water molecules start moving faster and faster until the water changes phases.

60
Q

Does water have a high or low height capacity?

A

High

61
Q

How do hydrogen bonds affect the phase?

A

There are a lot pf hydrogen bonds so i takes a lot of heat to distribute them all.

62
Q

What are the properties of water we discussed in lab?

A

Water molecules: exhibit cohesion and surface tension, exhibits adhesion, is an excellent solvent, and has a high heat capacity.

63
Q

What does adhesion mean?

A

An attraction between different molecules

64
Q

What is less dense, ice or liquid water?

A

Ice

65
Q

What causes water to change from a solid, to a liquid, to a gas?

A

Temperature

66
Q

What is the relationship between energy, heat and temperature?

A

The energy makes the heat that in turn changes the temperature.

67
Q

Why are the water properties important to life?

A

Our bodies are made mostly of water, it is important that it takes time for the bonds to change because it allows us to be able to handle different temperature exposures. Also, ice is less dense than liquid water so life can survive in water due to the fact that water freezes from top down.

68
Q

What do enzymes do?

A

Lower activation energy and make reactions happen.

69
Q

What are the three variables we examined in the enzyme lab?

A

Concentration of enzyme, pH, and temperature.

70
Q

What is a substrate?

A

The reactant in an enzyme reaction.

71
Q

what is the generalized equation for an enzyme-catalyzed reaction?

A

Enzyme+Substrate –> Enzyme-Substrate complex–> Enzyme+Product

72
Q

What was the substrate in our lab?

A

Starch or Amylose

73
Q

The enzyme we studied was…?

A

Amylase

74
Q

What was the carbohydrate in this lab?

A

polysaccharide

Bio 231 lab exam #1 (1 decks)

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