Exercise Prescription for Tissue Healing Flashcards
What are the three stages of tissue healing?
- Acute/post operative
- Repair
- Remodeling
How is the Acute/post operative stage of healing classified?
Inflammation
How is the Repair stage of healing classified?
Proliferation
How long does the acute inflammatory response last and what is happening in this stage?
Lasts 24-72 hours, removed necrotic tissue.
What are the two ways that healing can replace the tissue deficit? (2)
- Regeneration (growth of new tissue)
2. Repair (connective scar tissue)
What is the role of macrophages and neurophils in inflammation? (3)
- Remove debris
- clean injured area
- signal fibroblasts to area
When does repair begin and what cells migrate to start the process?
Repair beings in 24 hours with fibroblast miggration from viable tissue at edges of wound.
How do the fibroblasts repair the tissue?
they proliferate and synthesize proteins (proteoglycans, elastin, and collagen)
What is the role of collagen in tissues
provides structural support and tensile strength for all tissues
thin support tissue found mostly in cartilage
a. Type I collagen
b. Type II collagen
c. Type III collagen
b. Type II collagen
most common
a. Type I collagen
b. Type II collagen
c. Type III collagen
a. Type I collagen
Thin filaments that make tissues strong and pliable.
a. Type I collagen
b. Type II collagen
c. Type III collagen
c. Type III collagen
First type of collagen deposited in new scars.
a. Type I collagen
b. Type II collagen
c. Type III collagen
c. Type III collagen
Thick bundle used for developing strength.
a. Type I collagen
b. Type II collagen
c. Type III collagen
a. Type I collagen
Deposited after repair completed (last).
a. Type I collagen
b. Type II collagen
c. Type III collagen
a. Type I collagen
What does muscle regeneration depend on for skeletal muscle? (3)
- The extent of the injury
- The inflammatory phase
- The age of the person
What two areas determine the extent of the injury of skeletal muscle and how?
- If sarcolemma sheaths are intact (basement membrane and endomysium) muscle cells regenerate in sheaths.
- If basement membrane damaged, then repair occurs with connective tissue scar (structural integrity but impairs function)
How does the inflammatory phase play a role in muscle generation?
The amount and type of macrophages (insufficient or too many perpetuating inflammatory process)
What are the four ways that age of the person affects muscle regeneration?
- Number of satellite cells (differentiate into muscle cells)
- Slowed phagocytosis (prolong inflammatory phase)
- Less Notch signaling and more Wnt signaling (Wnt = fibrosis; Notch = muscle cell regeneration)
- Fewer growth factors (healing)
