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Exercise Physiology > Exercise Physiology 4 Review > Flashcards

Exercise Physiology 4 Review Flashcards

1
Q

Diabetes Type 1

A

-lack of insulin
-viral infections
-Monitor glucose before and after PA

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2
Q

Diabetes Type 2

A

-insulin resistant
-upper body obesity

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3
Q

Diabetes Type 1 Treatment

A

Insulin injections
5-10%

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4
Q

Diabetes Type 2 Treatment

A

Exercise
90-95%

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5
Q

Asthma

A

a respiratory problem characterized by SOB and wheezing

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6
Q

Asthma Diagnosis

A
  • due to bronchiole hyper-responsiveness
  • swelling of mucosal cells
  • hyper secretion of mucus
  • done by using pulmonary functional testing
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7
Q

Asthma prevention and relief

A

avoid allergens
immunotherapy
medications

  • beta2 receptor agonist works on the lungs
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8
Q

Exercise Induced Asthma

A
  • caused by airway narrowing caused by increased exercise
  • caused by cold dry air
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9
Q

EIA Management

A
  • decrease salt
  • increase caffeine
  • meds
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10
Q

COPD

A

causes reduction in airflow that has a dramatic effect on daily activities

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11
Q

Types of COPD

A
  • Emphysema: irreversible; elastic recoil of alveoli and bronchioles reduced
  • Chronic Asthma: decreased ability to exhale “wheezing”
  • Bronchitis: persistent production of sputum due to thickened bronchial walls
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12
Q

GOLD Classification

A

Gold 1: Mild COPD: FEV1 80% predicted
Gold 2: Mod COPD: FEV1 50-79% predicted
Gold 3: Severe COPD: FEV1 30-49% predicted
Gold 4: Very Severe COPD: FEV1 <30% predicted

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13
Q

Dyspnea Scale

A

Light: barely noticeable
Moderate: bothersome
Mod/sev: very uncomfortable
Most severe: most intense ever experienced

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14
Q

Osteoperosis

A
  • decreased bone mineral density
  • increased fracture risk
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15
Q

Type 1 Osteoperosis

A
  • vertebral and distal radius fractures
    (50-65yo)
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16
Q

Type 2 Osteoporosis

A
  • hip, pelvis, distal humerus fractures
    (70+ yo, 2x more women
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17
Q

Osteoclasts

A

bone removal

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18
Q

Trabecular

A

internal lattice structure

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19
Q

Cortical

A

dense outer portion of bone

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20
Q

Use of Nitroglycerine

A

-HA prevention
- relieve pain by relaxing smooth muscle in blood vessels
- reduce work imposed on heart by vascular systems

21
Q

MI

A
  • heart damage ( loss of ventricular muscle)
  • due to prolonged occlusion of 1+ coronary arteries
22
Q

CABG

A

surgery to bypass blocked artery

23
Q

PTCA (percutaneous transluminal coronary angioplasty)

A
  • angioplasty
  • balloon placed via catheter to open occluded artery
24
Q

Phases of Cardiac Rehab

A

Phase 1: In Patient Program
- help transition from cardiac event –> discharge
- pt education, transfers, mobility

Phase 2: Out Patient Program
- begins as soon after discharge
- to help build confidence, decrease risk factors, improve QOL

Phase 3: HEP
- after 8-16wks of phase 2
- less supervision, maybe HITT

25
Q

Amenorrhea is due to a disruption between what parts of the brain?

A

hypothalamus and pituitary glands

26
Q

Dysmenorrhea is due to what?

A

Prostaglandins

27
Q

Female Athlete Triad

A
  • low energy availability (eating disorders)
  • low bone mineral density
  • amenorrhea
28
Q

What should you avoid when training a diabetic patient?

A

-hypoglycemic episodes
- injection sites (type 1)

29
Q

Sarcopenia

A

loss of muscle mass related to age

30
Q

muscle mass declines ___% after _____yo

A
  • 1-2%
  • 50 yo
31
Q

Endurance declines after what age

A

60 yo

32
Q

Age related VO2 max decline is due to

A
  • decreased max HR
  • decreased max SV
  • decreased max a-vO2 diff
33
Q

O2 is an effective ergogenic aid when breathed when

A

during an endurance event
(no improvements after exercise)

34
Q

antioxidants

A

reduce muscle damage from severe eccentric contraction

35
Q

B-Alanine

A

buffers acids in muscles

36
Q

Chromium

A

enhances amino acid uptake

37
Q

ergogenic aids

A

substances that are work producing and are believed to increase performance

38
Q

Blood doping

A
  • re infusion of RBC to increase hemoglobin and 02 carrying capacity
39
Q

Autologous Transfusion

A

subjects own blood

40
Q

Homologous Transfusion

A

donors blood

41
Q

EPO

A
  • natural kidney hormone that stimulates RBC production
  • for chemo pts
  • increase hematocrit and O2 carrying capacity
42
Q

Blood Doping increases _____ and O2 carrying capacity, while EPO increases ____ and O2 carrying capacity

A

blood doping - hemoglobin
EPO - hematocrit

43
Q

Social Cognitive Theory

A

interaction btw individual, behavior, and environment
- for understanding behavior

44
Q

Transtheoretical Model

A

precontemplation, contemplation, prep, action, maintenance
- for promoting exercise behavior

45
Q

Health Belief Model

A

a persons belief on if they are susceptible to a disease or not and their perceptions of the benefits of trying to avoid it

  • influences their rediness to act
46
Q

Self Determination theory

A

Individuals have 3 needs:
1. self determination/actualization
2. demonstrating competency/mastery
3. relatedness or ability to have meaningful social interactions

47
Q

Theory of planned behavior

A

intention to perform a behavior is the primary determinant of behavior

48
Q

Social Ecological Models

A
  • consider the impact of + connection btw individuals and their environment

Exercise Physiology (1 decks)

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