Exercise Physiology 1

Question 1

The axon carries the electrical messge

a. towards the nerve cell
b. away from the nerve cell
c. to the CNS
d. to/away from none of the above

Answer 1

away from the nerve cell

Question 2

neurons can be divided into three basic parts

a. cell body, soma, & axon
b. soma, dendrites, & Schwann cell
c. cell body, dendrites, & axon
d. afferent, efferent, & dendrites

Answer 2

cell body, dendrites, & Axon

Question 3

neurons are negatively chaged on the inside of the cell with respect to the charge on the exterior of the cell. This electrical charge difference is called

a. irritability
b. conductivity
c. action potential
d. resting membrane potential

Answer 3

resting membrane potential

Question 4

the action potential or nerve impulse is achieved by

a. sodium gates opening & allowing a rapid entry of sodium ions
b. the exit of chloride from the neuron
c. the entry of potassium into the cell
d. none of the above are correct

Answer 4

sodium gates opening & allowing a rapid entry of sodium ions

Question 5

_______refers to the ability of a neuron to respond to a stimulus, whereas _____refers to it’s ability to transmit an impulse down it’s axon

a. irritability; conductivity
b. conductivity; irritability
c. contractility; electricity
d. none of tthe above

Answer 5

irritability; conductivity

Question 6

a ______ neuron sends a communication to a _____ neuron

a. presynaptic; postsynaptic
b. postsynaptic; presynaptic
c. perisynaptic; episynaptic
d. none of the above

Answer 6

presynaptic; postsynaptic

Question 7

the striated appearance of skeletal muscle is due to

a. being multinucleated
b. arrangement of actin & myosin
c. overlap of the I band & the H zone
d. the Z lines

Answer 7

arrangement of actin & myosin

Question 8

sarcomeres are divided from each other by

a. Z line
b. A bands
c. I bands
d. H zones

Answer 8

Z lines

Question 9

muscle fibers contract by the shortening of

a. their myofibrils (muscle fibers)
b. their Z line to Z line distance
c. their A bands
d. both a and b

Answer 9

their Z line to Z line distance

Question 10

the energy for muscular contraction comes from

a. the release of acetylcholine
b. the pulling of actin over the mysoin molecule
c. the breakdown of ATP by myosin ATPase
d. none of the above

Answer 10

the breakdown of ATP by myosin ATPase

Question 11

muscle fibres with a relatively small number of mitochondria are

a. fst-twitch fibers
b. slow-twitch fibers
c. type III fibers
d. all of the above

Answer 11

fast-twitch fibers

Question 12

the predominant muscle fiber of non-athlete is

a. type I
b. type IIa
c. Type II
d. none of the above

Answer 12

none of the above

Question 13

a contraction where a muscle exerts tension but does not shorten in length is an

a. isometric contraction
b. isotonic contraction
c. isokinetic contraction
d. eccentric contraction

Answer 13

isometric contraction

Question 14

the amount of force generated by a muscle fiber depends primarily on

a. the strength stimulation
b. number of actin/myosin cross bridges in contact
c. a decreased latent period
d. both a and b

Answer 14

the strength stimulation

Question 15

the amount of force generated by a group of muscles depends on

a. the type and number of motor units recruited
b. the initial length of the muscle
c. the nature of the neural stimulation
d. all of the above

Answer 15

all of the above

Question 16

muscular contractiosn are stimulated by

a. single twitches
b. alternate twitches
c. summation of twitches
d. none of the above

Answer 16

summation of twitches

Question 17

when comparing contractile properties of muscle fibers, which characteristic(s) is/are important?

a. maximal force production
b. speed of contraction
c. muscle fiber efficiency
d. all of the above

Answer 17

all of the above

Question 18

the contraction cycle can continue as long as there is

a. calcium present
b. ATP present
c. ADP present
d. both a and b

Answer 18

both a and b

Question 19

the layer of connective tissue that surrounds the outside of skeletal muscle (i.e. just below the fascia) is called the

a. epimysium
b. perimysium
c. endomysium
d. basement membrane

Answer 19

epimysium

Question 20

the two principal contractile proteins found in skeletal muscle are

a. actin & troponin
b. actin & myosin
c. troponin & tropomyosin
d. myosin & tropomyosin

Answer 20

actin & myosin

Question 21

calcium is stored in muscle within the

a. golgi organs
b. H zone
c. Sarcoplamic reticulum
d. sarcolemma

Answer 21

sarcoplamic reticulum

Question 22

the trigger to initiate the contractile process in skeletal muscle is

a. potassium binding to myosin
b. calcium biding to tropomyosin
c. calcium binding to troponin
d. ATP binding to the myosin cross-bridges

Answer 22

calcium binding to the troponin

Question 23

fast-twitch fibers contain a relatively

a. large number of mitochondria & low ATPase activity
b. small number of mitochondria & low ATPase activity
c. small number of mitochondria & high ATPase activity
d. none of the above

Answer 23

small number of mitochondria & high ATPase activity

Question 24

the motor neuron & all the muscle fibers it innervates is called a _____

a. motor junction
b. motor unit
c. motor end plate
d. motor nerve

Answer 24

motor unit

Question 25

the site where the motor neuron & muscle cell meet is called the

a. end-plate potential
b. motor unit
c. sarcolemma
d. neuromuscular junction

Answer 25

neuromuscular junction

Question 26

successful endurance athletes generally possess

a. a high percentage of slow-twitch fibers
b. a high percentage of intermediate fibers
c. a high percentage of fast-twitch fibers
d. an equal precentage of slow-twitch & fast-twitch fibers

Answer 26

a high percentage of slow-twitch fibers

Question 27

muscle spindles provide sensory information relative to

a. the amount of force generated by muscle during a contraction
b. the length of muscle
c. the amount of energy expended during a contraction
d. none of the above are correct

Answer 27

the length of muscle