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Test 3A Tues/Thurs > Exercise Metabolism and Bioenergetics > Flashcards

Exercise Metabolism and Bioenergetics Flashcards

1
Q

Bioenergetics

A

Use of energy in the body

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2
Q

Catabolism

A

breaking down

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3
Q

Anabolism

A

building up

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4
Q

Metabolism

A

all chemical processes in the body

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5
Q

Adenosine Triphosphate (ATP)

A

Molecule of energy

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6
Q

ATP is used to power _ _

A

muscular activity

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7
Q

1 ATP =

A

approx. 7.3 Kcal

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8
Q

Energy systems that replenish ATP

A

ATP-PC system
Glycolysis
Oxidative system

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9
Q

The ATP cycle

A 
ATP 
(hydrolysis creates energy)
ADP + P 
ADP + C
ATP + C OR ATP + P
starts over with ATP
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10
Q

Phosphagen

A

any phosphate (ATP / CP)

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11
Q

Major Fuels

A

ADP
CP

(Very small amount in muscle)
(readily available)

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12
Q

ADP

A

Adenosine Di-phosphate

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13
Q

CP

A

Creatine Phosphate

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14
Q

The ATP-PC system occurs in _

A

sarcoplasm

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15
Q

Making new ATP

A

ADP + CP -> ATP + C

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16
Q

By products

A

creatine

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17
Q

Once ATP and CP are depleted the body gets ATP from

A

the next energy system

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18
Q

ATP Production/ Length of time

A

Net Production = 1 ATP
First part of every movement
any activity only lasting 10-15 seconds

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19
Q

Glycolysis major fuel

A

Glucose from glycogen

  • stored in liver and muscles
  • small amount, but more than ATP / CP
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20
Q

Glycolysis Process

A

CCCCCC
(glucose)

CCC CCC
(pyruvate #1) (pyruvate #2)

Anaerobic Aerobic
Glycolysis Glycolysis

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21
Q

Anaerobic (fast) glycolysis occurs in the

A

sarcoplasm

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22
Q

Anaerobic (fast) glycolysis happens when

A

little 02 is present

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23
Q

Anaerobic (fast) glycolysis. The pyruvate is converted to

A

Lactate

(this process creates ATP

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24
Q

Anaerobic (fast) glycolysis. By product

A

lactic acid and H2O

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25
Q

Anaerobic (fast) glycolysis. High _ short _

A

high int%

short duration

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26
Q

Aerobic (slow) glycolysis occurs in

A

mitochondria

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27
Q

Aerobic (slow) glycolysis happens when

A

sufficient O2 is present

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28
Q

Aerobic (slow) glycolysis process. The pyruvate is converted to

A

Acetyl CoA

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29
Q

Acetyl CoA is sent to the

A

krebs cycle

  • a series of reactions that produce ATP
  • Acetyl CoA goes thru 2x
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30
Q

Aerobic (slow) glycolysis/ By products

A

H2O and CO2

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31
Q

2 ATP per glucose in

A 
fast glycolysis
(high intensity)
32
Q

3 ATP per glycogen in

A 
slow glycolysis
(moderate intensity)
33
Q

complete metabolism of 1 whole glucose molecule

A

yields 35-40 ATP

34
Q

Glycolysis whole system lasts

A

30-50 seconds

majority of resistance training falls within this time frame

35
Q

Gluconeogenesis (protein oxidation)

A 
-Protein is broken down into amino acids
(Catabolism)
-Amino acids are converted into glucose
(Deamination)
-Glucose is sent thru Aerobic Glycolysis
36
Q

Catabolism

A

Breakdown of solid muscle tissue into ints individual amino acids

37
Q

Deamination

A

the nitrogen is removed and glucose is left to be used

38
Q

Glucose is sent thru _ Glycolysis

A

Aerobic

39
Q

Beta Oxidation is also known as

A

fat oxidation

40
Q

Beta Oxidation occurs in

A

mitochondria

41
Q

Beta Oxidation has sufficient

A

O2

42
Q

In Beta Oxidation triglycerides are

A

broken down into fatty acids

43
Q

Thru Beta Oxidation the fatty acids are then

A

converted to Acetyl CoA

44
Q

In Beta Oxidation the Acetyl CoA goes through the

A

krebs cycle 2x to make ATP

45
Q

Oxidative Systems energy capacity

A

1 triglyceride 400 ATP
1 glycerol 22 ATP
1 fatty acid 129 ATP

1 minute to several hours depending on training status

46
Q

By products of all oxidative systems

A

H2O and CO2

sweated and exhaled

47
Q

By products of Beta Oxidation

A

NADH and FADH

48
Q

NADH and FADH products that can be

A

recycled and used to make even more ATP

49
Q

NADH and FADH only in

A

fit individuals

50
Q

NADH and FADH requires energy burning for a

A

significant time in order to occur

51
Q

Explain energy systems, time for each, and intensity for each

A

Phosphagen 10-15s Very intense

Phosphagen and Anaerobic (fast) glycolysis 30-50s intense

Anaerobic (fast) glycolysis and oxidative systems 1 -2 min Moderate

Oxidative systems >2 min light

52
Q

ATP-PC system is during the first - seconds of _ intensity exercise

A

5-30 seconds

high intensity

53
Q

ATP-PC System can be almost eliminated during

A

very intense exercise to exhaustion

54
Q

Complete re-synthesis of ATP within

A

3-5 minutes

55
Q

Complete re-synthesis of CP within

A 
8 minutes
(adding a CP supplement will shorten repletion time)
56
Q

Glycogen Depletion related to exercise intensity

A

above 60% intensity

-muscle glycogen used more

57
Q

All muscle glycogen can be _ during mod to high int% exercise

A

depleted

58
Q

Glycogen repletion related to post exercise carbohydrate intake

A

0.7 to 3.0 g/kg

every 2 hours following exercise

59
Q

Rate of glycogen repletion controls rate of

A

total recovery

60
Q

Fatty acid depletion/repletion

A

Depletion is not possible

Repletion from diet and inactivity

61
Q

Amino acid depletion/repletion

A

Depletion is not possible

Repletion proper recovery and increased carbohydrate intake

62
Q

The intensity and duration of exercise is inversely related and the most important factor determining

A

energy utilization

63
Q

The amount of energy available from ATP -PC system is small, so exercise only lasts

A

seconds

64
Q

The amount of energy from stored carbohydrate has a greater

A

capacity, but is still limited

65
Q

The amount of available fuel for exercise from fats is

A

essentially unlimited. It takes time to burn fat.

66
Q

Lying supine burns _ calories than standing

A

fewer

67
Q

The body prefers which metabolism

A

oxidative

68
Q

Excess postexercise oxygen consumption leads to

A

elevated oxygen consumption after strenuous exercise

69
Q

During intermittent work _ provides energy for work and _ provides recovery.

A

glycolysis

oxidative

70
Q

The respiratory quotient (RQ) is the amount of _ _ expired divided by the amount of _ consumed, measured during rest or at a steady state of exercise using a _ _.

A

carbon dioxide (CO2)
oxygen (O2)
metabolic analyzer

71
Q

An RQ of 1.0 indicates that _ is supplying 100% of the fuel.

A

Carbs

72
Q

An RQ between 0.7 and 1.0 indicates

A

a mixture

73
Q

Fat burning zone myth and actual research

A

low intensity, long duration is best for fat burning (not true)

low intensity, long duration work burns less overall calories and therefore less fat calories per minute
(true)

74
Q

Moderate to high intensity, continuous work burns more overall calories and therefore more

A

fat calories per minute.

  • key is to make the work as continuous as possible
  • client must be in shape to be able to do this
75
Q

An RQ of 0.7 indicates that _ is supplying 100% of the fuel.

A

Fats

Test 3A Tues/Thurs (6 decks)

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