Exercise II - IN

Question 1

what is the equation for MAP

Answer 1

MAP = HR x SV x TPR = CO x TPR

Question 2

why does MAP increase more during schiedo workouts (arms only) than during non-schiedo workouts (legs)

Answer 2

leg exercise results in vasodilation of large, active muscle groups and vasoconstriction in small, inactive muscle groups
arm exercise results in vasodilation in small, active muscle groups and vasoconstriction in large, inactive muscle groups

Question 3

what increases blood pressure more, static or dynamic contractions

Answer 3

static, ie competitive weight lifting, also valsalva maneuvers can exacerbate the BP response

Question 4

what provides the energy for muscle contraction anaerobically

Answer 4

stored ATP,
ADP + ADP –> ATP + AMP
creatine phosphate
glycolysis

Question 5

what provides the energy for muscle contraction aerobically

Answer 5

carbohydrate, fatty acid and amino acid oxidation

Question 6

when is anaerobically provided ATP most important

Answer 6

during transition period from one level of activity to a higher level
whenever exercise demands exceed anaerobic threshold of the individual

Question 7

what is O2 deficit?

Answer 7

O2 deficit is transition pd going from rest to some sort of exercise, before ATP can be made aerobically

Question 8

what is O2 debt?

Answer 8

O2 debt is post exercise, where youre repaying back the deficit you incurred during the transition period

Question 9

what is the significance of the anaerobic threshold

Answer 9

anaerobic or lactate threshold - a target, bc you get most efficient results training at this threshold, and its a trainable phenomena bc anaerobic processes supplement the aerobic production during exercise

Question 10

what does RER value during exercise depend on

Answer 10

exercise intensity, prior dietary history, exercise duration and fitness level

Question 11

what happens to RER as exercise intensity is prolonged

Answer 11

decreases, a carbohydrate sparing effect

Question 12

whats the deal with muscle glycogen

Answer 12

glycogenolysis rate increases exponentially as work rate increases
severe local muscle fatigue is apparent when muscles are depleted of their glycogen

Question 13

what is the major determinant of muscle fatigue in skeletal muscle

Answer 13

glycogen depletion

Question 14

who utilizes more fats, a fit or unfit person?

Answer 14

at any given exercise load, a fit person will utilize more fat than carbohydrates and have lower RER, which is a carb sparing effect

Question 15

what determines the VO2 max

Answer 15

Vo2 max has a ceiling determined by your genetics, at some point you just cant get any better

Question 16

VO2 max formula

Answer 16

Vo2 max is the product of maximal cardiac output and maximal (a-v) O2 difference

Question 17

what is the mechanism of max increases in VO2

Answer 17

maximal increase with aerobic training
training increase -> 
 inc capillary density
increase surface area, dec distance
stimulation of mytochondrial synthesis so you get a bigger gradient with more ATP produced

Question 18

what is RPP

Answer 18

rate pressure product

RPP = HR x systolic BP

Question 19

RPP is lower at any given work rate in fit vs unfit people, what are the consequences of this?

Answer 19

heart requires less oxygen, heart requires less blood flow, and basically heart operates more efficiently

Question 20

what are epi and norepi indicators of

Answer 20

stress

Question 21

how does the RPE scale work

Answer 21

rating of perceived exertion scale - each rating has a number and description and the number corresponds to a power of 10 less than what the heart rate should be at that level

Question 22

what happens when VO2 max levels off

Answer 22

endurance performance continues to increase with prolonged training in spite of this plateauing

Question 23

whats the best way to exercise to improve cardiorespiratory fitness

Answer 23

dynamic activity using large muscle groups, 3x-5x per week but not 7x, and 20-60 minutes per session excluding warm up and cool down