Exercise & cancer prevention

Question 1

Circulating ….. is a strong risk factor for developing breast cancer

Answer 1

oestrogen

Question 2

greater oestrogen causes…

Answer 2

greater cell proliferation in breast cancer

Question 3

active women have lower or higher oestrogen

Answer 3

lower

Question 4

active females achieve menarche learner or later

Answer 4

later

Question 5

every year delayed from getting 1st menstrual cycle how much % risk is reduced

Answer 5

10% per year delay

Question 6

active women achieve menopause earlier or later

Answer 6

earlier

Question 7

what is the benefit of earlier menopause

Answer 7

less oestrogen expose

Question 8

do active women have an increased or decreased amount of sex binding globulins (SHBG)

Answer 8

increased

Question 9

what is the role of SHBG?

Answer 9

less free oestrogen= less exposure

Question 10

SHBG is known too..

Answer 10

decrease breast cancer risk

Question 11

SHBG reduces or increases breast cancer cell growth and proliferation

Answer 11

reduces

Question 12

active women have a higher or lower insulin sensitivity

Answer 12

greater

Question 13

active women have a reduced of increased amount of IGF

Answer 13

reduced IGF

Question 14

lower circulating insulin= ……. SHBG

Answer 14

greater

Question 15

IGF promotes what?

Answer 15

breast tissue proliferation

Question 16

PA ….. immune function

Answer 16

increases

Question 17

PA promotes clearance of….

Answer 17

cancer cells

Question 18

PA promotes antioxidant status and this…

Answer 18

stops effect of free radical and increases O2 defences

Question 19

PA increases or decreases transit time

Answer 19

decreases

Question 20

PA helps to stop smoking?

Answer 20

true

Question 21

< 3MET- hours a week activity compared to > 18MET- hours/week means you’d be …. years more likely to be alive

Answer 21

8 years more likely to be alive

Question 22

increases PA after diagnosis ….. risk for cancer mortality &overall mortality

Answer 22

decreases risk

Question 23

Within breast cancer patients PA was seen to have …. benefits on being able to do daily life activities without ….. levels of fatigue

Answer 23

small benefits

without high levels of fatigue

Question 24

name 5 physiological benefits of exercise

Answer 24

• Enhanced physical function & aerobic capacity
• Improved body comp
• Decreased nausea
• Reduced fatigue
• Improved flexibility

Question 25

name 5 psychological benefits if exercise

Answer 25

* Greater quality of life * Better psych adjustment * Reduced depression & anxiety * Maintenance of body image * Limited effect of self-esteem

Question 26

exercise interventions can be used to fight and improve cancer survival

Answer 26

not to be used as a means, used to improve life...

Question 27

name 5 considerations when prescribing exercise?

Answer 27

- effects of surgery (ROM, scar tissue) - deconditioning - treatment side effects - medications - psychological well-being - other conditions?

Question 28

if haemoglobin levels are <10g/dl you should only do high intensity exercise (True or false)

Answer 28

FALSE- significant O2 transport burden

Question 29

if absolute neutrophil count is >0.5 X 109/ul, you should avoid activities that have a increased risk of infection? (Swimming)

Answer 29

True

Question 30

if platelet count is <50 X109/Ul doing activities such as contact sports is a good idea?

Answer 30

No, increased risk of bleeding & bruising

Question 31

is fever of >38deg a possible indicator of a systemic infection? if so, you should....

Answer 31

yes, avoid high intensity exercise

Question 32

if patient has reduced peripheral sensory neuropathy, it is good to incorporate balance and coordination activities in

Answer 32

NO AVOID

Question 33

severe loss >35% of pre-morbid weight usually means ...... to exercise (intensity related)

Answer 33

loss of muscle mass limits exercise to moderate intensity

Question 34

dyspnoea should be...

Answer 34

investigated, exercise to tolerance

Question 35

if pain, nausea, fatigue and muscle weakness occur you should

Answer 35

investigate cause & only exercise to tolerance