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Med Terminology > excretory system + male bits > Flashcards

excretory system + male bits Flashcards

1
Q

urine-producing microscopic structure. Approx. 1 million _____s are located in each kidney

A

nephron (nephr/o)

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1
Q

Two bean-shaped organs that remove waste products from the blood and aid in the maintaining water and electrolyte balances

A

kidney (nephr/o); (ren/o)

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2
Q

the cluster of capillaries (which are tiny blood vessels) at the entrance of the nephron where filtering takes place.

A

glomerulus (pl. glomeruli)

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3
Q

an area or a reservoir where urine collects just before it passes into the ureter.

A

renal pelvis

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4
Q

the middle indentation of the kidney

A

hilum

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5
Q

two slender tubes from the kidneys to the bladder

A

ureters (ureter/o)

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6
Q

muscular, hollow organ that temporarily holds the urine. As it fills, the thick, muscular wall becomes thinner, and the organ increases in size.

A

urinary bladder (cyst/o); (vesic/o)

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7
Q

lowest part of the urinary tract, through which the urine passes from the urinary bladder to the outside of the body. It carries the seminal fluid at the time of ejaculation. It is 1.5 inches in the female and 8 inches in the male.

A

urethra (urethr/o)

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8
Q

opening through which urine passes to the outside

A

urinary meatus (meat/o)

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8
Q

the product of this filtering system. It’s made up of 95% water and 5% nitrogenous wastes and mineral salts.

A

urine

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8
Q

combining form meaning albumin (a form of protein)

A

albumin/o

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8
Q

combining form meaning urea or nitrogen. Urea is a sort of mineral substance within urine

A

azot/o

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9
Q

suffix meaning ‘in the urine’

A

-uria

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10
Q

combining form meaning ‘baby cell’

A

blast/o

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11
Q

combining forms meaning ‘sugar’

A

glyc/o; gluc/o

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12
Q

combining form meaning ‘water’. Think fire hydrant.

A

hydr/o

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13
Q

combining form meaning ‘stone’; think lithographs, the writing on the walls in the tombs of Egypt

A

lith/o

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14
Q

combining form meaning ‘night’; think of nocturnal animals

A

noct/i

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15
Q

combining form meaning ‘scanty or few in amount’

A

olig/o

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16
Q

combining form meaning ‘sound’; think sonic boom

A

son/o

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17
Q

combining form meaning ‘cut’

A

tom/o

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18
Q

suffix meaning ‘neck’ or ‘neck-like’. Referring to the neck of organs

A

-trachel/o

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19
Q

combining forms referring to either the ‘urinary tract’ or the ‘urine’ itself

A

urin/o; ur/o

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20
Q

prefix meaning ‘not’ or ‘without’

A

a-

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21
Q

prefix meaning ‘difficult or painful to do’

A

dys-

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22
Q

prefix meaning ‘across’

A

trans-

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23
Q

suffix meaning ‘record’

A

-gram

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24
Q

suffix meaning ‘instrument to record’

A

-graph

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25
Q

suffix meaning ‘the process of recording’

A

-graphy

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26
Q

suffixes meaning ‘condition, usually too much of’

A

-iasis; -esis; -ia; -osis

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27
Q

suffix meaning ‘loosening, dissolution, a breakdown’

A

-lysis

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28
Q

suffix meaning ‘pertaining to breakdown’

A

-lytic

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29
Q

suffix meaning ‘enlargement’

A

-megaly

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30
Q

suffix meaning ‘drooping’

A

-ptosis

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31
Q

suffix meaning ‘suturing or repairing’

A

-rrhaphy

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32
Q

suffix meaning ‘abnormal flow or discharge’

A

-rrhea

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33
Q

suffix meaning ‘profuse flow’

A

–rrhagia

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34
Q

suffix meaning ‘narrowing’ n-n-narrowing

A

-stenosis

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35
Q

suffix meaning ‘surgical crushing’. You might also think of this as ‘surgical blowing up’

A

-tripsy

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36
Q

suffix meaning ‘nourishment, development; growth’

A

-trophy

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37
Q

kidney tumor containing developing (germ) cells (malignant tumor). Also called ‘Wilms tumor’

A

nephr/o/blast/oma

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38
Q

urine in the blood. Associated with renal failure.

A

ur/em/ia

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39
Q

congenital defect in which the urinary MEATUS is located on the upper surface of the penis

A

epispadias

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40
Q

congenital defect in which the urinary meatus is located on the UNDERSIDE OF THE PENIS

A

hypospadias

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41
Q

stone in the kidney

A

renal calculus (pl. calculi)

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42
Q

high blood pressure resulting from kidney malfuction

A

renal hypertension

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43
Q

ABNORMAL ACCUMULATION of urine in the bladder because of an inability to urinate

A

urinary retention

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44
Q

sudden STOPPAGE of urine FORMATION

A

urinary suPPreSSion

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45
Q

surgical suspension pertaining to the bladder and uretha; (think ‘hanging in place’)

A

vesicourethral suspension

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46
Q

suffix meaning ‘surgical fixation by hanging in place’

A

-pexy

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47
Q

suffix meaning ‘instrument to crush’

A

-trite

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48
Q

noninvasive surgical procedure to crush stone(s) in the kidney or ureter by administration of repeated shock waves

A

extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy (ESWL)

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49
Q

burning; destruction of living tissue with an electric spark

A

fulguration

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50
Q

surgical implantation of a donor kidney

A

renal transplant

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51
Q

combining form meaning ‘pelvis’

A

pyel/o

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52
Q

radiographic image of the kidney in sections

A

nephr/o/tom/o/gram

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53
Q

radiographic record of the kidney after injecting radiopharmaceutical

A

ren/o/gram

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54
Q

radiographic image of the urinary tract (retrograde means to move in a direction opposite from normal)

A

retrograde urogram

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55
Q

the name of a diagnostic lab test. Refers to kidney, ureter, and bladder.

A

KUB

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56
Q

the name of a blood test looking for certain minerals to indicate renal functioning efficiency

A

BUN

57
Q

means albumin in the urine

A

albumin/uria

58
Q

absence of urien

A

an/uria

59
Q

nitrogen in the blood. remember the root word of this term means urea (crystalline formation)

A

azot/emia

60
Q

much (excessive) urine

A

poly/uria

61
Q

pus in the urine

A

py/uria

62
Q

increase in urine production and excretion by kidneys

A

di/ur/esis

63
Q

tube sued for draining fluids or inserting them

A

catheter

64
Q

stretched out (typically due to internal pressure)

A

distended

65
Q

agent (drug) that promotes the formation and excretion of urine

A

diuretic

66
Q

involuntary urination or ‘bed-wetting’

A

enuresis

67
Q

procedure for breaking down all the components of the blood to remove and filter out impurities

A

hemo/dia/lysis

68
Q

meaning ‘can’t control’

A

incontin

69
Q

the normal act of urinating

A

micturate

70
Q

procedure for removing toxic waste using the peritoneal cavity as the receptacle for the fluid used in dialysis

A

peritoneal dialysis

71
Q

means ‘abnormal narrowing’ (not the suffix)

A

stricture

72
Q

receptacle or piece of equipment, i.e., a toilet

A

urinal

73
Q

ARF is an abbreviation for

A

Acute Renal Failure

74
Q

CKD is an abbreviation for

A

Chronic Kidney Disease

75
Q

CRF is an abbreviation for

A

Chronic Renal Failure

76
Q

ESRD is an abbreviation for

A

end-stage renal disease

77
Q

OAB is an abbreviation for

A

OverActive Bladder

78
Q

PKD is an abbreviation for

A

Polycystic Kidney Disease

79
Q

UTI is an abbreviation for

A

Urinary Tract Infection

80
Q

BUN is an abbreviation for

A

Blood Urea Nitrogen

81
Q

KUB is an abbreviation for

A

Kidneys Ureters (and) Bladder

82
Q

SG is an abbreviation for

A

Specific Gravity

83
Q

UA is an abbreviation for

A

UrinAlysis

84
Q

ESWL is an abbreviation for

A

Extracorporeal Shock Wave Lithotripsy

85
Q

membranous sac that contains the organs, the testes

A

scrotum

86
Q

primary male ex organ that produces spermatozoa and the hormone testosterone

A

testis (pl. testes)

87
Q

coiled tubes within the testes in which spermatogenesis occurs

A

seminiferous tubules

88
Q

coiled tube attached to each testis that provide storage, transit, and maturation of sperm

A

epididymis (pl. epididymides)

89
Q

duct carrying the sperm from the epididymis to the urethra. also known as seminal duct

A

vas deferens

90
Q

two glands that secrete a thick fluid which, with sperm, creates semen.

A

seminal vesicles

91
Q

walnut-shaped gland that encircles the proximal section of the urethra and secretes a fluid that aids in the movement of sperm and ejaculation.

A

prostate gland

92
Q

combining forms for testes

A

test/o; orchi/o; orchid/o

93
Q

combining form for seminiferous

A

seminifer/o

94
Q

combining form for epidiymis

A

epididym/o

95
Q

combining form meaning ‘vessel’ or ‘duct’

A

vas/o

96
Q

combiningform meaning ‘seminal vesicle(s)’

A

vesicul/o

97
Q

combining form meaning ‘prostate’

A

prostat/o

98
Q

very muscular male organ of urination and coitus

A

penis

99
Q

combining form meaning ‘glans penis’

A

balan/o

100
Q

enlarged tip on the end of the penis

A

glans penis

101
Q

fold of skin covering the glans penis (foreskin)

A

prepuce

102
Q

composed of sperm, seminal fluids, and other secretions

A

semen

103
Q

reproductive organs, male or female

A

genitalia

104
Q

primary reproductive organs (testes in males, ovaries in females)

A

gonads

105
Q

combining form meaning ‘male characteristics’

A

andr/o

106
Q

combining form meaning ‘bladder, sac’

A

cyst/o

107
Q

combining form meaning ‘hidden’

A

crypt/o

108
Q

prefix meaning ‘across’

A

trans-

109
Q

suffix meaning ‘state of’ or ‘condition’

A

-ism

110
Q

suffix meaning ‘an incision’

A

-tomy

111
Q

suffix meaning ‘new opening’ (that’s been cut)

A

-stomy

112
Q

suffix meaning ‘surgical repair of shape’

A

-plasty

113
Q

state of absence of testis

A

an/orch/ism

114
Q

excessive development pertaining to the prostate gland. note that it is non-malignant.

A

benign prostatic hyperplasia

115
Q

inflammation of the prostate gland

A

prostat/o/cyst/itis

116
Q

inability of the male to attain or maintain an erection

A

erectile dysfunction

117
Q

tightness of the prepuce that prevents its retraction over the glans penis. narrowing of opening

A

phimosis

118
Q

persistent abnormal erection of the penis

A

priapism

119
Q

enlarged veins of the spermatic cord

A

varicocele

120
Q

TWISTING of the spermatic CORD causing DECREASTED BLOOD FLOW to the testis

A

testicular torsion

121
Q

surgical repair of the (shape) of testis

A

orchi/o/plasty

122
Q

surgical fixation of the testicle

A

orchi/o/pexy

123
Q

to cut out or remove the vas deferens (resulting in male sterilization)

A

vas/ectomy

124
Q

creation of artificial openings between ducts

A

vas/o/vas/o/stomy

125
Q

the removal or folding back of the foreskin

A

circumcision

126
Q

a relatively new procedure and is robotic-assisted

A

radical prostatectomy

127
Q

procedure that involves making an incision to get at the prostate. Another choice would be the perineal approach

A

suprapubic prostatectomy

128
Q

treatment that eliminates excess tissue present in benign prostatic hyperplasia by using heat generated by microwave

A

transurethral microwave thermotherapy (TUMT)

129
Q

surgical procedure that widens the urethra via a few small incisions in the bladder neck and porstate gland

A

transurethral incision of the prostate gland (TUIP)

130
Q

surgical removal of pieces of the prostate gland tissue by using an instrument inserted through the urethra

A

transurethral resection of the prostate gland (TURP)

130
Q

going through the rectum by use of a probe and utilizing sound waves to get an image of the prostate

A

transrectal ultrasound

130
Q

a blood test that can measure an antigen to indicate the presence of prostatic cancer

A

PSA

130
Q

an examination using the finger

A

digital rectal exam

130
Q

sexually transmitted infection caused by a bacterial organism that inflames the mucous membrane

A

gonorrhea

131
Q

term for any sexual intercourse

A

coitus

131
Q

a sexually transmitted disease caused by a bacteria

A

chlamydia

131
Q

disease in which the body’s immune system is compromised and not able to react to infection

A

acquired immune deficiency syndrome (abbreviated AIDS)

131
Q

introduction of washed and concentrated sperm

A

artificial insemination

131
Q

sexually transmitted infection caused by viral infection

A

human papillomavirus (HPV)

131
Q

sexually transmitted infection caused by herpes simplex virus type 2

A

genital herpes

131
Q

sexually transmitted infection caused by a retrovirus that infects T-helper cells

A

human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)

132
Q

time period of secondary sex characteristics develop

A

puberty

133
Q

an example of this in a man would be vasectomy

A

sterilization

134
Q

infection that rapidly spreads throughout the body. lesions…mother may transmit

A

syphilis

135
Q

sexually transmitted infection caused by one-cell organism. infects genitourinary tract

A

trichomoniasis

Med Terminology (4 decks)

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