excretory system Flashcards
what does the excretory system does
excretes metabolic waste from the body
most toxic waste compound
AMMONIA it is produced when the amigo acids from proteins are used for energy. ammonia converts to urea
excretion
the process by which metabolic waste are eliminated to maintain homeostasis
excretory system organs
- skin
- lungs
- liver
- kidneys
skin
the skin excretes excess water, salts, and a small amount of urea in sweat.
lungs
when you exhale your lungs excrete carbon dioxide and small amounts of water vapor.
liver
conversion of potentially dangerous nitrogen wastes, into less toxic urea.
kidneys
major organs of excretion are the kidneys.
through a complex filtering process, the kidneys remove excess water, urea, and metabolic wastes from blood.
the kidneys excrete urine. ureters transport urine form the kidneys to the urinary bladder where the urine is stored and it is released through the urethra
transportation of urine
ureters transport urine form the kidneys to the urinary bladder where it is stored, and it is released to the urethra
how do the kidneys clean the blood
as waste-laden blood enters the kidney through the renal artery, the kidney removes urea, excess water and minerals, and other waste products. the clean filtered blood leaves the kidney through the renal vean and returns to circulation.
nephrons
nephrons are where most of the work of the kidney takes place.
proceses of blood purification
filtration and reabsorption
where does the filtración of blood takes place
mainly in the glomerulus
glomerulus
a glomerulus is a small but dense network of capillaries encased in the upar end of each nephron by the bowmans capsule
filtrate
the material that is filtered from the blood. the filtrase contains water, urea, glucosa, salts, amigo acids, and some vitamins
re absorption
nearly 180 liters of filtrase pass from the blood into nephron tubules every day.
reabsorption
the process by which water and dissolved substancies are taken back into the blood
loop of henle
the loop of Henle is responsible for conserving water nd minimizing the volume of the filtrate. the waste material now called urine remains in the tabule emptied into a collecting duct
functions of the kidneys
besides remoiving waste, the kidneys also mantain blood ph and regulase the water content of the blood.
glands
glands release hormones that also influence kidney function. for example, if you have not consumed enough fluids, your pituitary gland releases antidiuretic hormone (ADH)
The presence of what can be indicators of disease
proteína and glucose sucos as dangerously high blood pressure or diabetes
kidney disorders
kidney stones
kidney damage
kidney failure
kidney stones
calcium, magnesium or cric acid salts crystallizeand form kidney stones. kidney stones block a ureter. kkidney stones are often treated usin ultrasound waves. the sound waves pulverize the stones into smaller fragments, which are eliminaste with urine
kidney damage
most cases of kidney damage are related to high blood pressure and diabetes. excesivo blood pressure amagues delicate filtering mechanism and high blood sugar levels cause the kidneys to filtre more blood than normal. over time, the tubules weaken and the kidneys may fail to keep up with the demands.
kidney failure
when kidneys can no longer clanes the blood and mantain a state of homeostasis in the body.
a kidney failure must receive dialysis or undergo a kidney transplant
