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di nako > Excretory system > Flashcards

Excretory system Flashcards

1
Q

functions to remove waste from the human body.

A

excretory system

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2
Q

Function of the Excretory System

A

Filtration, Reabsorption, secretion, excretion

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3
Q

The excretory tubule collects filtrate from the blood. Water and solutes are forced by blood pressure across the selectively permeable membranes of a cluster of capillaries and into the excretory tubule.

A

Filtration

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4
Q

The transport epithelium reclaims valuable substances from the filtrate and returns them

A

Reabsorption

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5
Q

Other substances are extracted from body fluids and added to the contents of the excretory tube.

A

Secretion

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6
Q

The filtrate leaves the system and the body

A

excretion

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7
Q

The human excretory system includes the kidney and its functional unit, the ————

A

nephron

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8
Q

Parts of the excretory system

A

Bladder
Kidneys
Ureters
Meatus
Urethra

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9
Q

Located both sides of the spine between thoracic and lumbar vertebrae

A

Kidney

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10
Q

Tubes called ——— carry waste products from the kidneys to the urinary bladder for storage or for release.

A

ureters

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11
Q

During urination, urine is expelled from the urinary bladder through the

A

urethra

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12
Q

Parts of the kidneys

A

Cortex, Medulla, Hilum

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13
Q

Part of the kidney where the blood is filtered.

A

Cortex

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14
Q

contains the collecting ducts which carry filtrate (filtered substances) to the pelvis

A

medulla

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15
Q

a hollow cavity where urine accumulates and drains into the ureter

A

Pelvis

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16
Q

is a mass of thin-walled capillaries

A

glomerulus

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17
Q

a double-walled, cup-shaped structure.

A

Bowman’s capsule

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18
Q

leads from the Bowman’s capsule to the Loop of Henle.

A

proximal tubule

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19
Q

a long loop which extends into the medulla.

A

loop of Henle

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20
Q

The distal tubule connects the loop of Henle to the collecting duct.

A

The distal tubule

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21
Q

Each nephron has its own blood supply:

A

An arteriole
A venule
A network of capillaries connecting them

22
Q

Each kidney contains more than —————— nephrons.

A

1 million

23
Q

filters fluid from the blood, and is the first place where urine is formed in the kidneys.

A

glomerulus

24
Q

Each glomerulus is surrounded by a capsule known as

A

Bowman’s capsule.

25
Q

How is blood filtered

A

As blood enters a nephron through the arteriole, impurities are filtered out and emptied into the collecting duct.

The purified blood exits the nephron through the venule.

26
Q

The mechanism of blood purification involves two distinct processes:

A

Filtration
Reabsorption

27
Q

Passing a liquid or gas through a filter to remove wastes is called

A

Filtration

28
Q

Most of the material removed from the blood at Bowman’s capsule makes its way back into the blood.
The process in which liquid is taken back into a vessel is called

A

Reabsorption

29
Q

Almost———– of the water that enters Bowman’s capsule is reabsorbed into the blood

A

99%

30
Q

When the filtrate drains in the collecting ducts, most water and nutrients have been reabsorbed into the

A

blood.

31
Q

Urine is primarily concentrated in the

A

loop of Henle

32
Q

a section of the nephron tubule in which water is conserved and the volume of urine minimized.

A

loop of Henle

33
Q

As the kidney works, purified blood is returned to ———— while urine is collected in the ———————–

A

circulation
urinary bladder

34
Q

Hollow, muscular organ that stores urine

A

Urinary bladder

35
Q

how many liters of urine can the urinary bladder hold

A

300-400 milliliters

36
Q

is a triangular area at the base of the bladder where the ureters enter and the urethra exits

A

trigone

37
Q

A tube of smooth muscle with a mucous lining that carries urine from the bladder to the outside of the body.

A

Urethra

38
Q

how long is the male and the female urethra

Additionally, name the three regions where urine passes through in males

A

1.5 onches. 8 inches.

Prostrate gland
membranous portion
penis

39
Q

Blood is removed by a tube and pumped through special tubing that acts like nephrons.

A

Dialysis

40
Q

a rhythmic contraction of the ureter smooth muscle which helps to move the urine into the bladder

A

Peristalsis

41
Q

A tube approximately 6 to 7 inches long attached to each kidney.

A

Ureters

42
Q

Ureters is made up of three layers of tissues

A

A tube approximately 6 to 7 inches long attached to each kidney.

43
Q

Two parts of the nephron

A

Renal corpuscle
Renal tubule

44
Q

Parts of Glomerulus

A

Fenestrae
Podocytes
Filtration slits

45
Q

Connects loop.of henle to collecting duct

A

Distal tubule

46
Q

Pore.in the endothelial walls of Glomerulus

A

Fenestrae

47
Q

Specialized cells.of.the glomerulus

A

Podocytes

48
Q

Blood supply of nephron

A

Arterioles
Venule
Capillary networks

49
Q

Three tissue layers of ureters

A

Fibrous tissue
Muscle tissue
Mucous tissue

50
Q

How long is the ureters

A

6-7 inches

di nako (6 decks)

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