excretion of urea

Question 1

ultrafiltration

Answer 1

water and dissolved substances are forced by hydrostatic pressure from the capillaries of the glomerulus into bowmans capsule

dissolved substances include urea and others such as glucose and amino acids

Question 2

active reabsorption

Answer 2

useful substances - glucose, amino acids and water

actively reabsorbed from the tubule back into the blood

Question 3

ultrafiltration histology

Answer 3

the afferent arteriole has a larger diameter than efferent

adds to the hydrostatic pressure

the diameter of the afferent arteriole can increase or decrease to increase or decrease pressure and thus filtration rate

Question 4

layers of glomerulus

Answer 4

fenestrated capillary endothelium - holes make flow easier

basement membrane - ultimate filter - stops large proteins

podocytes - gaps between makes flow easier

Question 5

active reabsorption histology

Answer 5

glucose and amino acids move from the convoluted tubule into capillary using co-transport

water moved by osmosis from the convoluted tubule into the capillary following water pressure gradient, created by pumping of Na+