excretion Flashcards

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1
Q

excretion

A

removal of toxic waste substances which have been made by cells

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2
Q

respiration

A

waste product = co2

removed via lungs and leaves in plants

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3
Q

carbon dioxide

A

made in respiring cells
made by respiration
removed via blood plasma

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4
Q

urea

A

made in liver cells
made by breakdown of amino acids (deamination)
removed in kidneys and skins

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5
Q

urea formation

A

deamination
amino acids filtered into liver along with rest of blood via hepatic artery
excess amino acids cannot be stored and need to be broken down so can be excreted
broken down into carbohydrates and ammonia
ammonia is toxic and must be broken down into slightly less toxic chemical called urea
amino acids that are needed and urea are released back into blood stream via hepatic vein

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6
Q

kidney

A

kidney filters blood and removed excess materials and passes them to bladder to be excreted

cortex
medulla
pelvis

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7
Q

ultrafiltration

A

artery size at exit of glomerulus is smaller than entrance
build up of pressure
pressure forces small molecules (urea, glucose, amino acids, salts) across into bowmans capsule and form glomerular filtrate
larger molecules (proteins, red blood cells) too big to fit across
stay in blood

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8
Q

selective reabsorption

A

filtrate travels to PCT (proximal convoluted tubule)

specialised cells within PCT walls pump useful materials back into blood stream through active transport

all glucose reabsorbed
80% water reabsorbed

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9
Q

water reabsorption

A

loop of henle and collecting duct involved

ADH

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