Excretion

Question 1

What is excretion?

Answer 1

The removal of metabolic waste from the body.

Question 2

What are the 3 main excretory organs?

Answer 2

The kidney, the skin and the lungs.

Question 3

What does the kidney excrete?

Answer 3

Urine(Urea, salts and water)

Question 4

What does the lungs excrete?

Answer 4

Carbon Dioxide and water vapor.

Question 5

What does the skin excrete?

Answer 5

Sweat(traces of urea, salts and water)

Question 6

What are the parts of the Urinal sysytem?

Answer 6

The kidneys, renal vein, renal artery, ureters, bladder, urethra and sphincter muscles.

Question 7

What does the renal artery do?

Answer 7

The renal artery carries unfiltered blood towards the kidney.

Question 8

What does the renal vein do?

Answer 8

The renal vein carries filtered blood away from the kidney.

Question 9

What does the kidney do?

Answer 9

The kidney filters blood.

Question 10

What is the functional unit of the kidney called?

Answer 10

Nephron

Question 11

What is ultrafiltration?

Answer 11

The process by which the nephron filters the blood.

Question 12

Explain the process by which the nephron filters the blood.

Answer 12

Branches from the renal artery pass as capillaries into the glomerulus. The afferent arteriole is larger than the efferent arteriole, creating a very high pressure. This forces fluid through the capillary walls and into the surrounding Bowmans Capsule.

Question 13

What is the name of the fluid which comes from the glomerulus?

Answer 13

Glomerular filtrate.

Question 14

What does the Glomerular filtrate contain?

Answer 14

Water, salts, urea and glucose.

Question 15

What does the Glomerular filtrate not contain?

Answer 15

Blood cells and protein molecules.

Question 16

What does the sphincter muscles do?

Answer 16

Contracts and relaxes to open or close the bladder.

Question 17

What does the urethra do?

Answer 17

Transports urine from the bladder to outside of the body.

Question 18

What does the ureter do?

Answer 18

Carry formed urine from the kidneys to the bladder.

Question 19

What is renal dialysis?

Answer 19

A medical treatment that performs kidney functions it helps filter and remove waste products from the blood when the kidney is unable to function.

Question 20

What is Selective Reabsrobtion?

Answer 20

This occurs by metabolic activity in parts of the tubule. It allows substances to go in and out of the tubule through active transport, osmosis and diffusion.

Question 21

What does the Proximal convoluted tubule absorb and how is it absorbed?

Answer 21

Glucose through active transport.

Question 22

What does the Distal convoluted tubule absorb and how is it absorbed?

Answer 22

Salts through active transport.

Question 23

What does the Loop of Henle absorb and how is it absorbed?

Answer 23

Water through osmosis.

Question 24

What does the Anti-Diuretic Hormone control?

Answer 24

Controls the water content of blood.

Question 25

What is a secretion?

Answer 25

A useful substance released by cells for a purpose. Sweat is both an excretion and secretion.