Excretion Flashcards
What is excretion?
The removal of metabolic waste from the body.
What are the 3 main excretory organs?
The kidney, the skin and the lungs.
What does the kidney excrete?
Urine(Urea, salts and water)
What does the lungs excrete?
Carbon Dioxide and water vapor.
What does the skin excrete?
Sweat(traces of urea, salts and water)
What are the parts of the Urinal sysytem?
The kidneys, renal vein, renal artery, ureters, bladder, urethra and sphincter muscles.
What does the renal artery do?
The renal artery carries unfiltered blood towards the kidney.
What does the renal vein do?
The renal vein carries filtered blood away from the kidney.
What does the kidney do?
The kidney filters blood.
What does the bladder do?
The bladder stores urine.
What does the ureter do?
Carry formed urine from the kidneys to the bladder.
What does the urethra do?
Transports urine from the bladder to outside of the body.
What does the sphincter muscles do?
Contracts and relaxes to open or close the bladder.
What is the functional unit of the kidney called?
Nephron
What is ultrafiltration?
The process by which the nephron filters the blood.
Explain the process by which the nephron filters the blood.
Branches from the renal artery pass as capillaries into the glomerulus. The afferent arteriole is larger than the efferent arteriole, creating a very high pressure. This forces fluid through the capillary walls and into the surrounding Bowmans Capsule.
What is the name of the fluid which comes from the glomerulus?
Glomerular filtrate.
What does the Glomerular filtrate contain?
Water, salts, urea and glucose.
What does the Glomerular filtrate not contain?
Blood cells and protein molecules.
What is renal dialysis?
A medical treatment that performs kidney functions it helps filter and remove waste products from the blood when the kidney is unable to function.
What is Selective Reabsrobtion?
This occurs by metabolic activity in parts of the tubule. It allows substances to go in and out of the tubule through active transport, osmosis and diffusion.
What are the parts of the Nephron?
Arteriole, Glomerulus, Bowman’s capsule, Proximal convoluted tubule, Distal convoluted tubule, venule, Loop of Henle and Collecting duct.
What does the Proximal convoluted tubule absorb and how is it absorbed?
Glucose through active transport.
What does the Distal convoluted tubule absorb and how is it absorbed?
Salts through active transport.
What does the Loop of Henle absorb and how is it absorbed?
Water through osmosis.
What does the Anti-Diuretic Hormone control?
Controls the water content of blood.
