ExamTopics Flashcards
A user is attempting to navigate to a website from inside the company network using a desktop. When the user types in the URL, https://www.site.com, the user is presented with a certificate mismatch warning from the browser. The user does not receive a warning when visiting http://www.anothersite.com. Which of the following describes this attack?
On-path
Domain hijacking
DNS poisoning
Evil twin
DNS Poisoning
Which of the following tools is effective in preventing a user from accessing unauthorized removable media?
USB data blocker
Faraday cage
Proximity reader
Cable lock
USB data blocker
A Chief Security Officer is looking for a solution that can provide increased scalability and flexibility for back-end infrastructure, allowing it to be updated and modified without disruption to services. The security architect would like the solution selected to reduce the back-end server resources and has highlighted that session persistence is not important for the applications running on the back-end servers. Which of the following would BEST meet the requirements?
Reverse proxy
Automated patch management
Snapshots
NIC teaming
Reverse proxy
Which of the following describes a social engineering technique that seeks to exploit a person’s sense of urgency?
A phishing email stating a cash settlement has been awarded but will expire soon
A smishing message stating a package is scheduled for pickup
A vishing call that requests a donation be made to a local charity
A SPIM notification claiming to be undercover law enforcement investigating a cybercrime
A phishing email stating a cash settlement has been awarded but will expire soon
A security analyst is reviewing application logs to determine the source of a breach and locates the following log: https://www.comptia.com/login.php?id=’%20or%20’1’1=’1
Which of the following has been observed
A. DLL Injection
B. API attack
C. SQL injection
D. XSS
SQL injection
An audit identified PII being utilized in the development environment of a critical application. The Chief Privacy Officer (CPO) is adamant that this data must be removed; however, the developers are concerned that without real data they cannot perform functionality tests and search for specific data. Which of the following should a security professional implement to BEST satisfy both the CPO’s and the development team’s requirements?
Data anonymization
Data encryption
Data masking
Data tokenization
Data anonymization
A company is implementing a DLP solution on the file server. The file server has PII, financial information, and health information stored on it. Depending on what type of data that is hosted on the file server, the company wants different DLP rules assigned to the data. Which of the following should the company do to help accomplish this goal?
Classify the data.
Mask the data.
Assign the application owner.
Perform a risk analysis.
Classify the data
A forensics investigator is examining a number of unauthorized payments that were reported on the company’s website. Some unusual log entries show users received an email for an unwanted mailing list and clicked on a link to attempt to unsubscribe. One of the users reported the email to the phishing team, and the forwarded email revealed the link to be:
<a>Click here to unsubscribe</a>
Which of the following will the forensics investigator MOST likely determine has occurred?
SQL injection
Broken authentication
XSS
XSRF
XSRF
A report delivered to the Chief Information Security Officer (CISO) shows that some user credentials could be exfiltrated. The report also indicates that users tend to choose the same credentials on different systems and applications. Which of the following policies should the CISO use to prevent someone from using the exfiltrated credentials?
MFA
Lockout
Time-based logins
Password history
MFA
A company wants to simplify the certificate management process. The company has a single domain with several dozen subdomains, all of which are publicly accessible on the internet. Which of the following BEST describes the type of certificate the company should implement?
Subject alternative name
Wildcard
Self-signed
Domain validation
Wildcard
Which of the following is an effective tool to stop or prevent the exfiltration of data from a network?
DLP
NIDS
TPM
FDE
DLP
Several attempts have been made to pick the door lock of a secure facility. As a result, the security engineer has been assigned to implement a stronger preventative access control. Which of the following would BEST complete the engineer’s assignment?
Replacing the traditional key with an RFID key
Installing and monitoring a camera facing the door
Setting motion-sensing lights to illuminate the door on activity
Surrounding the property with fencing and gates
Replacing the traditional key with an RFID key
Which of the following can be used by a monitoring tool to compare values and detect password leaks without providing the actual credentials?
Hashing
Tokenization
Masking
Encryption
Hashing
A security engineer is building a file transfer solution to send files to a business partner. The users would like to drop off the files in a specific directory and have the server send the file to the business partner. The connection to the business partner is over the internet and needs to be secure. Which of the following can be used?
S/MIME
LDAPS
SSH
SRTP
SSH
An administrator needs to protect user passwords and has been advised to hash the passwords. Which of the following BEST describes what the administrator is being advised to do?
Perform a mathematical operation on the passwords that will convert them into unique strings.
Add extra data to the passwords so their length is increased, making them harder to brute force.
Store all passwords in the system in a rainbow table that has a centralized location.
Enforce the use of one-time passwords that are changed for every login session.
Perform a mathematical operation on the passwords that will convert them into unique strings
Which of the following would be indicative of a hidden audio file found inside of a piece of source code?
Steganography
Homomorphic encryption
Cipher suite
Blockchain
Steganography
A user enters a username and a password at the login screen for a web portal. A few seconds later the following message appears on the screen:
Please use a combination of numbers, special characters, and letters in the password field.
Which of the following concepts does this message describe?
Password complexity
Password reuse
Password history
Password age
Password complexity
A company recently experienced an inside attack using a corporate machine that resulted in data compromise. Analysis indicated an unauthorized change to the software circumvented technological protection measures. The analyst was tasked with determining the best method to ensure the integrity of the systems remains intact and local and remote boot attestation can take place. Which of the following would provide the BEST solution?
HIPS
FIM
TPM
DLP
TPM
Which of the following is a reason to publish files’ hashes?
To validate the integrity of the files
To verify if the software was digitally signed
To use the hash as a software activation key
To use the hash as a decryption passphrase
To validate the integrity of the files
A security manager has tasked the security operations center with locating all web servers that respond to an unsecure protocol. Which of the following commands could an analyst run to find the requested servers?
nslookup 10.10.10.0
nmap -p 80 10.10.10.0/24
pathping 10.10.10.0 -p 80
ne -l -p 80
nmap -p 80 10.10.10.0/24
Which biometric error would allow an unauthorized user to access a system?
False acceptance
False entrance
False rejection
False denial
False acceptance
A company is auditing the manner in which its European customers’ personal information is handled. Which of the following should the company consult?
GDPR
ISO
NIST
PCI DSS
GDPR
Which of the following are common VoIP-associated vulnerabilities? (Choose two.)
SPIM
Vishing
Hopping
Phishing
Credential harvesting Most Voted
Tailgating
SPIM
Vishing
Which of the following describes the exploitation of an interactive process to gain access to restricted areas?
Persistence
Buffer overflow
Privilege escalation
Pharming
Privilege escalation
An organization is planning to open other data centers to sustain operations in the event of a natural disaster. Which of the following considerations would BEST support the organization’s resiliency?
Geographic dispersal
Generator power
Fire suppression
D. Facility automation
Geographic dispersal
A security engineer is deploying a new wireless network for a company. The company shares office space with multiple tenants. Which of the following should the engineer configure on the wireless network to ensure that confidential data is not exposed to unauthorized users?
EAP
TLS
HTTPS
AES
EAP
The Chief Compliance Officer from a bank has approved a background check policy for all new hires. Which of the following is the policy MOST likely protecting against?
Preventing any current employees’ siblings from working at the bank to prevent nepotism
Hiring an employee who has been convicted of theft to adhere to industry compliance
Filtering applicants who have added false information to resumes so they appear better qualified
Ensuring no new hires have worked at other banks that may be trying to steal customer information
Hiring an employee who has been convicted of theft to adhere to industry compliance
An engineer recently deployed a group of 100 web servers in a cloud environment. Per the security policy, all web-server ports except 443 should be disabled.
Which of the following can be used to accomplish this task?
Application allow list
SWG
Host-based firewall
VPN
Host-based firewall
A technician was dispatched to complete repairs on a server in a data center. While locating the server, the technician entered a restricted area without authorization. Which of the following security controls would BEST prevent this in the future?
Use appropriate signage to mark all areas.
Utilize cameras monitored by guards.
Implement access control vestibules.
Enforce escorts to monitor all visitors.
Enforce escorts to monitor all visitors.
Which of the following would BEST provide a systems administrator with the ability to more efficiently identify systems and manage permissions and policies based on location, role, and service level?
Standard naming conventions
Domain services
Baseline configurations
Diagrams
Domain services
Which of the following would detect intrusions at the perimeter of an airport?
Signage
Fencing
Motion sensors
Lighting
Bollards
Motion sensors
A security analyst is concerned about critical vulnerabilities that have been detected on some applications running inside containers. Which of the following is the
BEST remediation strategy?
Update the base container Image and redeploy the environment.
Include the containers in the regular patching schedule for servers.
Patch each running container individually and test the application.
Update the host in which the containers are running.
Update the base container Image and redeploy the environment.
An organization has decided to purchase an insurance policy because a risk assessment determined that the cost to remediate the risk is greater than the five- year cost of the insurance policy. The organization is enabling risk:
avoidance
acceptance
mitigation
transference
transference
A security analyst receives an alert from the company’s SIEM that anomalous activity is coming from a local source IP address of 192.168.34.26. The Chief
Information Security Officer asks the analyst to block the originating source. Several days later, another employee opens an internal ticket stating that vulnerability scans are no longer being performed properly. The IP address the employee provides is 192.168.34.26. Which of the following describes this type of alert?
True negative
True positive
False positive
False negative
False positive
A security analyst wants to reference a standard to develop a risk management program. Which of the following is the BEST source for the analyst to use?
SSAE SOC 2
ISO 31000
NIST CSF
GDPR
ISO 31000
The Chief Information Security Officer (CISO) requested a report on potential areas of improvement following a security incident. Which of the following incident response processes is the CISO requesting?
Lessons learned
Preparation
Detection
Containment
Root cause analysis
Lessons learned
A company is providing security awareness training regarding the importance of not forwarding social media messages from unverified sources. Which of the following risks would this training help to prevent?
Hoaxes
SPIMs
Identity fraud
Credential harvesting
Hoaxes
A security analyst is receiving numerous alerts reporting that the response time of an internet-facing application has been degraded. However, the internal network performance was not degraded. Which of the following MOST likely explains this behavior?
DNS poisoning
MAC flooding
DDoS attack
ARP poisoning
DDoS attack
Which of the following will increase cryptographic security?
High data entropy
Algorithms that require less computing power
Longer key longevity
Hashing
High data entropy
Which of the following statements BEST describes zero-day exploits?
When a zero-day exploit is discovered, the system cannot be protected by any means.
Zero-day exploits have their own scoring category in CVSS.
A zero-day exploit is initially undetectable, and no patch for it exists.
Discovering zero-day exploits is always performed via bug bounty programs.
A zero-day exploit is initially undetectable, and no patch for it exists.
A company wants to restrict emailing of PHI documents. The company is implementing a DLP solution. In order to restrict PHI documents, which of the following should be performed FIRST?
Retention
Governance
Classification
Change management
Classification
Which of the following describes the continuous delivery software development methodology?
Waterfall
Spiral
V-shaped
Agile
Agile
Which of the following is the BEST example of a cost-effective physical control to enforce a USB removable media restriction policy?
Putting security/antitamper tape over USB ports, logging the port numbers, and regularly inspecting the ports
Implementing a GPO that will restrict access to authorized USB removable media and regularly verifying that it is enforced
Placing systems into locked, key-controlled containers with no access to the USB ports
Installing an endpoint agent to detect connectivity of USB and removable media
Putting security/antitamper tape over USB ports, logging the port numbers, and regularly inspecting the ports
A company suspects that some corporate accounts were compromised. The number of suspicious logins from locations not recognized by the users is increasing.
Employees who travel need their accounts protected without the risk of blocking legitimate login requests that may be made over new sign-in properties. Which of the following security controls can be implemented?
Enforce MFA when an account request reaches a risk threshold.
Implement geofencing to only allow access from headquarters.
Enforce time-based login requests that align with business hours.
Shift the access control scheme to a discretionary access control.
Enforce MFA when an account request reaches a risk threshold
A security analyst is investigating some users who are being redirected to a fake website that resembles www.comptia.org. The following output was found on the naming server of the organization:
Domain reputation
Domain hijacking
Disassociation
DNS poisoning
DNS poisoning
An organization wants to participate in threat intelligence information sharing with peer groups. Which of the following would MOST likely meet the organization’s requirement?
Perform OSINT investigations.
Subscribe to threat intelligence feeds.
Submit RFCs.
Implement a TAXII server.
Implement a TAXII server.
Which of the following is the MOST effective control against zero-day vulnerabilities?
Network segmentation
Patch management
Intrusion prevention system
Multiple vulnerability scanners
Network segmentation
Which of the following is the GREATEST security concern when outsourcing code development to third-party contractors for an internet-facing application?
Intellectual property theft
Elevated privileges
Unknown backdoor
Quality assurance
Unknown backdoors
An organization has hired a red team to simulate attacks on its security posture. Which of the following will the blue team do after detecting an IoC?
Reimage the impacted workstations.
Activate runbooks for incident response.
Conduct forensics on the compromised system.
Conduct passive reconnaissance to gather information.
Activate run books for incident response
An amusement park is implementing a biometric system that validates customers’ fingerprints to ensure they are not sharing tickets. The park’s owner values customers above all and would prefer customers’ convenience over security. For this reason, which of the following features should the security team prioritize
FIRST?
Low FAR
Low efficacy
Low FRR
Low CER
Low FRR (False Rejection Rate)
Which of the following organizations sets frameworks and controls for optimal security configuration on systems?
ISO
GDPR
PCI DSS
NIST
NIST
An organization discovered files with proprietary financial data have been deleted. The files have been recovered from backup, but every time the Chief Financial
Officer logs in to the file server, the same files are deleted again. No other users are experiencing this issue. Which of the following types of malware is MOST likely causing this behavior?
Logic bomb
Cryptomalware
Spyware
Remote access Trojan
Logic bomb
A security analyst has identified malware spreading through the corporate network and has activated the CSIRT. Which of the following should the analyst do
NEXT?
Review how the malware was introduced to the network.
Attempt to quarantine all infected hosts to limit further spread.
Create help desk tickets to get infected systems reimaged.
Update all endpoint antivirus solutions with the latest updates.
Attempt to quarantine all infected hosts to limit further spread.
During an incident response, an analyst applied rules to all inbound traffic on the border firewall and implemented ACLs on each critical server. Following an investigation, the company realizes it is still vulnerable because outbound traffic is not restricted, and the adversary is able to maintain a presence in the network.
In which of the following stages of the Cyber Kill Chain is the adversary currently operating?
Reconnaissance
Command and control
Actions on objective
Exploitation
Command and control
A recent security breach exploited software vulnerabilities in the firewall and within the network management solution. Which of the following will MOST likely be used to identify when the breach occurred through each device?
SIEM correlation dashboards
Firewall syslog event logs
Network management solution login audit logs
Bandwidth monitors and interface sensors
SIEM correlation dashboards
Which of the following is the FIRST environment in which proper, secure coding should be practiced?
Development
A cloud service provider has created an environment where customers can connect existing local networks to the cloud for additional computing resources and block internal HR applications from reaching the cloud. Which of the following cloud models is being used?
Public
Community
Hybrid
Private
Hybrid
An organization has developed an application that needs a patch to fix a critical vulnerability. In which of the following environments should the patch be deployed
LAST?
Test
Staging
Development
Production
Production
An organization is building backup server rooms in geographically diverse locations. The Chief Information Security Officer implemented a requirement on the project that states the new hardware cannot be susceptible to the same vulnerabilities in the existing server room. Which of the following should the systems engineer consider?
Purchasing hardware from different vendors
Migrating workloads to public cloud infrastructure
Implementing a robust patch management solution
Designing new detective security controls
Purchasing hardware from different vendors
A security analyst is working on a project to implement a solution that monitors network communications and provides alerts when abnormal behavior is detected.
Which of the following is the security analyst MOST likely implementing?
User behavior analysis
Data exfiltration analysis indicates that an attacker managed to download system configuration notes from a web server. The web-server logs have been deleted, but analysts have determined that the system configuration notes were stored in the database administrator’s folder on the web server. Which of the following attacks explains what occurred? (Choose two.)
Pass-the-hash
Directory traversal
SQL injection
Privilege escalation
Cross-site scripting
Request forgery
Directory traversal
Privilege escalation
A junior security analyst is conducting an analysis after passwords were changed on multiple accounts without users’ interaction. The SIEM have multiple login entries with the following text: suspicious event - user: scheduledtasks successfully authenticate on AD on abnormal time suspicious event - user: scheduledtasks failed to execute c:\weekly_checkups\amazing-3rdparty-domain-assessment.py suspicious event - user: scheduledtasks failed to execute c:\weekly_checkups\secureyourAD-3rdparty-compliance.sh suspicious event - user: scheduledtasks successfully executed c:\weekly_checkups\amazing-3rdparty-domain-assessment.py
Which of the following is the MOST likely attack conducted on the environment?
Malicious script
Privilege escalation
Domain hijacking
DNS poisoning
Malicious script
A customer service representative reported an unusual text message that was sent to the help desk. The message contained an unrecognized invoice number with a large balance due and a link to click for more details. Which of the following BEST describes this technique?
Vishing
Whaling
Phishing
Smishing
Smishing
Which of the following actions would be recommended to improve an incident response process?
Train the team to identify the difference between events and incidents.
Modify access so the IT team has full access to the compromised assets.
Contact the authorities if a cybercrime is suspected.
Restrict communication surrounding the response to the IT team.
Train the team to identify the difference between events and incidents
A cybersecurity administrator needs to implement a Layer 7 security control on a network and block potential attacks. Which of the following can block an attack at
Layer 7? (Choose two.)
HIDS
NIPS
HSM
WAF
NAC
NIDS
NIPS
WAF
A business operations manager is concerned that a PC that is critical to business operations will have a costly hardware failure soon. The manager is looking for options to continue business operations without incurring large costs. Which of the following would mitigate the manager’s concerns?
Implement a full system upgrade.
Perform a physical-to-virtual migration.
Install uninterruptible power supplies.
Purchase cybersecurity insurance.
Perform a physical-to-virtual migration
An organization has activated an incident response plan due to a malware outbreak on its network. The organization has brought in a forensics team that has identified an internet-facing Windows server as the likely point of initial compromise. The malware family that was detected is known to be distributed by manually logging on to servers and running the malicious code. Which of the following actions would be BEST to prevent reinfection from the infection vector?
Prevent connections over TFTP from the internal network.
Create a firewall rule that blocks a 22 from the internet to the server.
Disable file sharing over port 445 to the server.
Block port 3389 inbound from untrusted networks.
Block port 3389 inbound from untrusted networks
Which of the following uses SAML for authentication?
TOTP
Federation
Kerberos
HOTP
Federation
The SOC for a large MSSP is meeting to discuss the lessons learned from a recent incident that took much too long to resolve. This type of incident has become more common in recent weeks and is consuming large amounts of the analysts’ time due to manual tasks being performed. Which of the following solutions should the SOC consider to BEST improve its response time?
Configure a NIDS appliance using a Switched Port Analyzer.
Collect OSINT and catalog the artifacts in a central repository.
Implement a SOAR with customizable playbooks.
Install a SIEM with community-driven threat intelligence.
Implement a SOAR with customizable playbooks
Business partners are working on a security mechanism to validate transactions securely. The requirement is for one company to be responsible for deploying a trusted solution that will register and issue artifacts used to sign, encrypt, and decrypt transaction files. Which of the following is the BEST solution to adopt?
PKI
Blockchain
SAML
OAuth
PKI
A security analyst has been asked by the Chief Information Security Officer to:
✑ develop a secure method of providing centralized management of infrastructure
✑ reduce the need to constantly replace aging end user machines
✑ provide a consistent user desktop experience
Which of the following BEST meets these requirements?
BYOD
Mobile device management
VDI
Containerization
VDI
Which of the following terms describes a broad range of information that is sensitive to a specific organization?
Public
Top secret
Proprietary
Open-source
Proprietary
A Chief Security Officer (CSO) is concerned that cloud-based services are not adequately protected from advanced threats and malware. The CSO believes there is a high risk that a data breach could occur in the near future due to the lack of detective and preventive controls. Which of the following should be implemented to BEST address the CSO’s concerns? (Choose two.)
A WAF
A CASB
An NG-SWG
Segmentation
Encryption
Containerization
A CASB
An NG-SWG
An organization is planning to roll out a new mobile device policy and issue each employee a new laptop. These laptops would access the users’ corporate operating system remotely and allow them to use the laptops for purposes outside of their job roles. Which of the following deployment models is being utilized?
MDM and application management
BYOD and containers
COPE and VDI
CYOD and VMs
COPE and VDI
Certain users are reporting their accounts are being used to send unauthorized emails and conduct suspicious activities. After further investigation, a security analyst notices the following:
✑ All users share workstations throughout the day.
✑ Endpoint protection was disabled on several workstations throughout the network.
✑ Travel times on logins from the affected users are impossible.
✑ Sensitive data is being uploaded to external sites.
All user account passwords were forced to be reset and the issue continued.
Which of the following attacks is being used to compromise the user accounts?
Brute-force
Keylogger
Dictionary
Rainbow
Keylogger
A security forensics analyst is examining a virtual server. The analyst wants to preserve the present state of the virtual server, including memory contents. Which of the following backup types should be used?
Snapshot
Differential
Cloud
Full
Incremental
Snapshot
After returning from a conference, a user’s laptop has been operating slower than normal and overheating, and the fans have been running constantly. During the diagnosis process, an unknown piece of hardware is found connected to the laptop’s motherboard. Which of the following attack vectors was exploited to install the hardware?
Removable media
Spear phishing
Supply chain
Direct access
Direct access
After a recent security breach, a security analyst reports that several administrative usernames and passwords are being sent via cleartext across the network to access network devices over port 23. Which of the following should be implemented so all credentials sent over the network are encrypted when remotely accessing and configuring network devices?
SSH
SNMPv3
SFTP
Telnet
FTP
SSH
Which of the following provides a calculated value for known vulnerabilities so organizations can prioritize mitigation steps?
CVSS
SIEM
SOAR
CVE
CVSS
Several universities are participating in a collaborative research project and need to share compute and storage resources. Which of the following cloud deployment strategies would BEST meet this need?
Community
Private
Public
Hybrid
Community
A forensic analyst needs to prove that data has not been tampered with since it was collected. Which of the following methods will the analyst MOST likely use?
Look for tampering on the evidence collection bag.
Encrypt the collected data using asymmetric encryption.
Ensure proper procedures for chain of custody are being followed.
Calculate the checksum using a hashing algorithm.
Calculate the checksum using a hashing algorithm
Multiple business accounts were compromised a few days after a public website had its credentials database leaked on the Internet. No business emails were identified in the breach, but the security team thinks that the list of passwords exposed was later used to compromise business accounts. Which of the following would mitigate the issue?
Complexity requirements
Password history
Acceptable use policy
Shared accounts
Password history
A security analyst wants to fingerprint a web server. Which of the following tools will the security analyst MOST likely use to accomplish this task?
nmap -pl-65535 192.168.0.10
dig 192.168.0.10
curl –head http://192.168.0.10
ping 192.168.0.10
curl –head http://192.168.0.10
A penetration tester was able to compromise an internal server and is now trying to pivot the current session in a network lateral movement. Which of the following tools, if available on the server, will provide the MOST useful information for the next assessment step?
Autopsy
Cuckoo
Memdump
Nmap
Nmap
Field workers in an organization are issued mobile phones on a daily basis. All the work is performed within one city, and the mobile phones are not used for any purpose other than work. The organization does not want these phones used for personal purposes. The organization would like to issue the phones to workers as permanent devices so the phones do not need to be reissued every day. Given the conditions described, which of the following technologies would BEST meet these requirements?
Geofencing
Mobile device management
Containerization
Remote wiping
Mobile Device Management
Which of the following control types is focused primarily on reducing risk before an incident occurs?
Preventive
Deterrent
Corrective
Detective
Preventative
A systems administrator reports degraded performance on a virtual server. The administrator increases the virtual memory allocation, which improves conditions, but performance degrades again after a few days. The administrator runs an analysis tool and sees the following output:
==3214== timeAttend.exe analyzed
==3214== ERROR SUMMARY:
==3214== malloc/free: in use at exit: 4608 bytes in 18 blocks.
==3214== checked 82116 bytes
==3214== definitely lost: 4608 bytes in 18 blocks.
The administrator terminates the timeAttend.exe, observes system performance over the next few days, and notices that the system performance does not degrade. Which of the following issues is MOST likely occurring?
DLL injection
API attack
Buffer overflow
Memory leak
Memory leak
An administrator is experiencing issues when trying to upload a support file to a vendor. A pop-up message reveals that a payment card number was found in the file, and the file upload was blocked. Which of the following controls is most likely causing this issue and should be checked FIRST?
DLP
Firewall rule
Content filter
MDM
Application allow list
DLP
Which of the following risk management strategies would an organization use to maintain a legacy system with known risks for operational purposes?
Acceptance
Transference
Avoidance
Mitigation
Mitigation
Which of the following is the BEST action to foster a consistent and auditable incident response process?
Incent new hires to constantly update the document with external knowledge.
Publish the document in a central repository that is easily accessible to the organization.
Restrict eligibility to comment on the process to subject matter experts of each IT silo.
Rotate CIRT members to foster a shared responsibility model in the organization.
Publish the document in a central repository that is easily accessible to the organization
During a recent penetration test, the tester discovers large amounts of data were exfiltrated over the course of 12 months via the internet. The penetration tester stops the test to inform the client of the findings. Which of the following should be the client’s NEXT step to mitigate the issue?
Conduct a full vulnerability scan to identify possible vulnerabilities.
Perform containment on the critical servers and resources.
Review the firewall and identify the source of the active connection.
Disconnect the entire infrastructure from the internet.
Perform containment on the critical servers and resources
A security analyst is designing the appropriate controls to limit unauthorized access to a physical site. The analyst has a directive to utilize the lowest possible budget. Which of the following would BEST meet the requirements?
Preventive controls
Compensating controls
Deterrent controls
Detective controls
Deterrent controls
A company is looking to migrate some servers to the cloud to minimize its technology footprint. The company has 100 databases that are on premises. Which of the following solutions will require the LEAST management and support from the company?
SaaS
IaaS
PaaS
SDN
SaaS
Which of the following employee roles is responsible for protecting an organization’s collected personal information?
CTO
DPO
CEO
DBA
DPO
Against the recommendation of the IT security analyst, a company set all user passwords on a server as P@55w0rD. Upon review of the /etc/passwd file, an attacker found the following: alice:a8df3b6c4fd75f0617431fd248f35191df8d237f bob:2d250c5b2976b03d757f324ebd59340df96aa05e chris:ea981ec3285421d014108089f3f3f997ce0f4150
Which of the following BEST explains why the encrypted passwords do not match?
Perfect forward secrecy
Key stretching
Salting
Hashing
Salting
After gaining access to a dual-homed (i.e., wired and wireless) multifunction device by exploiting a vulnerability in the device’s firmware, a penetration tester then gains shell access on another networked asset. This technique is an example of:
privilege escalation.
footprinting.
persistence.
pivoting.
Pivoting
Which of the following should be monitored by threat intelligence researchers who search for leaked credentials?
Common Weakness Enumeration
OSINT
Dark web
Vulnerability databases
Dark web
A security analyst needs to be able to search and correlate logs from multiple sources in a single tool. Which of the following would BEST allow a security analyst to have this ability?
SOAR
SIEM
Log collectors
Network-attached storage
SIEM
A security analyst is investigating suspicious traffic on the web server located at IP address 10.10.1.1. A search of the WAF logs reveals the following output:
Source IP - 172.16.1.3, 172.161.1.3
Destination IP - 10.10.1.1, 10.10.1.1
Requested URL - /web/cgi-bin/contact?caregory=custname`–
/web/cgi-bin/contact?category=custname+OR+1=1–
Action Taken - permit and log
SQLi attack
Which of the following components can be used to consolidate and forward inbound internet traffic to multiple cloud environments though a single firewall?
Transit gateway
Cloud hot site
Edge computing
DNS sinkhole
Transit gateway
