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Latin Language > Examples of Constructions > Flashcards

Examples of Constructions Flashcards

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Latin flashcards
1
Q

ablative of means (instrument)

A

Nautae gladiis pugnant = the sailors fight with (by means of) swords

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2
Q

ablative of manner

A

Verba (cum) venia audivisti = you heard my words with indulgence (indulgently)

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3
Q

indirect command

A

oro ut natueam superes (pres.subj) = i beg that you overcome the sailor

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4
Q

ablative of personal agent

A

puella a regina terretur = the girl is frightened by the queen

(can be confused with ablative of means but that has no preposition)

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5
Q

dative of possessor

A

corona est reginae = a crown is the queen’s (to the queen)

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6
Q

complementary infinitive

A

amicum videre opto = I desire TO SEE my friend

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7
Q

ablative of seperation

A

Homines incolas insulae servitute liberaverunt = the men freed the inhabitants of the island from slavery

(can use preps a/ab, e/ex or de but usually without)

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8
Q

ablative of origin

A

Aeneas (e) dea natus est = Aeneas is the son from a goddess

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9
Q

normal ablative of place from which

A

Ab Italia venit = he came from italy

can be e/ex or de

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10
Q

ablative of place from which with towns, cities, small islands, domus and rus

A

Roma venit = he came from Rome

Domus venit = he came home

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11
Q

ablative of accompaniment

A

ad urbem cum amico venit = he comes to the city with his friend

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12
Q

ablative of time when

A

illo tempore miser erat = at that time he was miserable

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13
Q

ablative of time within which

A

quinque annis hoc opus perficiet = within 5 years he will complete this task

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14
Q

ablative of respect

A

haec femina specie pulchra est = this woman is beautiful in (with respect to) appearance

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15
Q

double dative construction (dative of purpose + reference)

A

filii matri fructui sunt = the sons are (for the purpose of) an asset (with respect) to their mother

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16
Q

ablative of comparison

A

pater euis est altior hospite = his father is taller than the guest
(aternative = quam + same case as before quam)

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17
Q

ablative of degree of difference

A

nunc multo felicior est = now he is (by) much happier

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18
Q

partitive genitive

A

fortissimus omnium militum = the bravest of all soldiers

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19
Q

partitive ablative

A

quinque ex militibus domum venerunt = five out of the soldiers came home

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20
Q

ablative of cause

A

clamare gaudio coepit = she began to shout because of joy

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21
Q

ablative of description

A

vir magna sapientia = a man of great wisdom

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22
Q

genitive of description

A

vir magnae sapientiae = a man of great wisdom

23
Q

objective genitive

A

amor patria = love of the native land

24
Q

subjective genitive

A

feminae amor patria = the woman’s love of her native land

25
Q

genitive of characteristic

A

hominis sapientis est libros legere = it is (the mark) of a wise man to read books

26
Q

infinitive as subject

A

videre est credere = to see is to believe

27
Q

jussive subjunctive

A

ne veniat! = let him not come! (command)

generally third person

28
Q

hortatory subjunctive

A

veniamus! = let’s come! (exhortation)

generally first person

29
Q

potential subjunctive

A

non haec credas = you could not believe these things

present [or perfect], imperfect

30
Q

deliberative subjunctive

A

non quid faciam? = what am I not to do?
quid facerem? = what was I to do?
(present or imperfect)

31
Q

optative subjunctive

A

utinam veniat! = if only he would come!
utinam ne veniret! = if only he were not coming!
(present, imperfect, pluperfect)

32
Q

dative with intransitive verbs

A 
credo - believe 
faveo - favour
ignosco - forgive
impero - order
noceo - harm
parco - spare
pareo - obey
placeo - please
persuadeo - persuade
studeo - be zealous / study

dative governs verb object

33
Q

dative with compound verbs

A 
usually intransitive (require another word to complete what they mean ie: to be the head of....something) 
these are referential datives
34
Q

introducing a result clause

A 
ut / ut non +
tantus - so great
talis - such
tot - so many
ita - so
tam - so
sic - in this way
adeo - so
35
Q

relative clause of characteristic

A

is est qui celeriter ambulet = he is the kind of man eho walks fast

(qui, quae, quod + subj)

36
Q

temporal cum clause

A

cum te felix ero = (at that time) when I see you, I shall be happy

37
Q

circumstantial cum clause

A

cum te viderem, felix eram = (under the circumstances) when I saw you, I was happy

cum clause subjunctive in past

38
Q

causal cum clause

A

cum te videam, felix sum = (because) since I see you, I am happy

always subjunctive

39
Q

concessive cum clause

A

cum te videam, felix (tamen) sum = although I see you (nevertheless) I am happy

tamen helpful marker but not always there
always in subjunctive

40
Q

clause of proviso

A

oderint, dum (modo,dummodo) timeant = let them hate, provided that they fear

dum, modo, dummodo = if only, provided

41
Q

accusative of exclamation

A

puerem miserum! = miserbale boy!

42
Q

gerund

A

ducem deligere est difficile = choosing a leader is a difficult thing

43
Q

gerundive

A

libris legendis legere discimus = by means of books-to-be-read (reading books) we learn to read

utilised as future passive

44
Q

accusative gerund of purpose

A

ad legendum libros venit = he comes for the purpose of reading

45
Q

accusative gerundive of purpose

A

ad libros legendos venit = he comes (books to-be-read) for the purpose of reading

46
Q

genitive gerund with causa

A

legendi causa venit = he comes for the sake of reading

gerundive used when governing an object

47
Q

positive clause of fearing

A

timeo ne veniat = i fear that he is coming

take subjunctive

48
Q

negative clause of fearing

A

timeo ut veniat = i fear that he is not coming

takes subjunctive

49
Q

accusative supine of purpose

A

it urbem captum = he goes to capture the city

50
Q

ablative supine of respect

A

hic liber facilis est lectu = this book is easy (with respect to reading) to read

51
Q

genitive with expression of remembering and forgetting

A

matris et patris bene memini = i remember my mother and father well

52
Q

genitive of indefinite value

A

parvi suam civitatem facit = he makes his state of little value

53
Q

ablative of price

A

villam suam magno vendidit = he sold his country house at a great price

Latin Language (4 decks)

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