Examples Of Aid Flashcards
Give a detailed example of aid. Include-
* What type of aid
* Explain what it is
* Stats of before
* Positives
* Negatives
Millennium Villages Project - Jeffrey Sachs
* NGO, top down.
* In Africa, eg Sauri cluster of villages in Kenya (population 70,000). Families and farmers given better seeds and fertilisers, mosquito nets, clean drinking water, mobile phones/access to computer, free meals for children. Spanned over 5 years, people expected to be able to sustain themselves after this.
* Before MVP project, Sauri cluster has over 1/2 of children under 5 malnourished.
* Increased maize yield from 1.7-4.5 tonnes per hectare. Surplus of food sold to world food programme, as well as extra food for schools. Increase school attendance, with over 21,000 children receiving a daily meal. HIV and malaria rates fell.
* High cost ( $120 pp py for 5 years). May not be able to sustain it after. Top down approach, imposed on people with little communication. Only helps a few people in poverty, only works for agricultural areas.
Give an example of developmental aid.
WHO (World Health Organisation). Also multilateral. Aim to improve healthcare, train health work force. eg created the Immunisation Agenda 2030 in Africa, seeking to reduce mortality from vaccine preventable diseases.
Give an example of relief aid.
UN World Food Programme. Also multilateral. Aim to end world hunger and the world’s leading humanitarian agency. They bring life-saving food and nutrition assistance to people trapped or displaced by fighting, such as delivering monthly food assistance across 33 camps in Cox’s Bazar, Bangladesh.
Give an example of an NGO.
Oxfam, provide both relief and developmental aid. They are “a global community of people who believe in a kinder and radically better world”. eg Having women lead teams, such as earthquakes in Syria. eg Building irrigation systems to kickstart farming and fighting famine, pumping millions of litres of water through taps, tanks and toilets ie in Bangladesh.
Give an example of bilateral aid.
UK - Previously has the Department for International Development (DFID). Was set up to lead the UK’s work in ending extreme poverty., as well as working towards the MDGS and SDGs. Worked directly in 28 countries, including Ethiopia. Did things such as funding vaccines for African cattle, new drugs for combating malaria and developing drought resistant crops. UK was successful in meeting the UN’s goal of spending 0.7% of GNI on ODA (Official Development Assistance). Critiqued of spending about £700 million on corrupted jobs in Pakistan, such as for jobs which did not exist. However, DFID claim UK supported over 6 million children in Pakistan to receive decent education. DFID now merged with Foreign Office, and ODA dropped to only 0.5% of GNI, with lots of money for Ukraine.
Give an example of tied aid.
UK gave aid to fund the Pergau dam in Malaysia. In return, the Malaysians bought British warships, aircraft and missiles from UK companies. Bad as UK aid budget used to subsidise a big construction company and arms manufacturers. Tied aid since been banned in UK.
