Examples

Question 1

Describe Renault’s Closed Loop System

Answer 1

• Aiming for a closed-loop ‘car to car’ circular economy.
• Renault Scenic E-Tech is up to 24% recycled and up to 90% recyclable by mass including battery.

Question 2

Apple’s Daisy Robots

Answer 2

• Apple identified 14 priority materials that make up 90% of devices and packaging.
• Other EOL recycling processes rely on crushing which results in low recycling yields.
• Developed Daiy robots to demanufacture the devices.
• 1 metric tonne of recovered iPhone parts avoids mining 2,000 metric tonnes of metal rich rock.

Question 3

Boeing 787 Dreamliner

Answer 3

• Boeing reduced the weight of the dreamliner by using 50% composite materials
• Resulted in 20% increase in fuel efficiency compared to traditional aluminium aircraft

Question 4

Tetra Pak

Answer 4

• Used LCAs since 1980
• Used LCA to compare carton performance to glass and plastic containers.
• Found its cartons to be better due to high recyclability and lightweight design.

Question 5

Phillips light bulbs

Answer 5

• Phillips developed LED light bulbs that use 80% less energy and last 25 times longer than incandescent bulbs

Question 6

Levi water<less jeans

Answer 6

• Levi Strauss & Co developed technology that resulted in up to a 96% reduction in water use during denim production.
• Through 2018, they have saved 3 billion liters of water.
• Opensourced the technology with competitors

Question 7

Zipcar

Answer 7

• Zipcar provides a car sharing service , reducing individual car ownership and associated environmental impacts.
• Example of a PSS
• Fewer cars are manufactured and those that are, are used more efficiently, reducing lifecycle emissions

Question 8

CocaCola Plant Bottle

Answer 8

• PlantBottle is made from up to 30% bio material e.g. sugarcane
• Reduces the fossil fuels required compared to traditional PET bottle
• They have shared the techonology with competitors.

Question 9

Kalundborg Industrial Park

Answer 9

• Industrial park in Denmark that houses 16 public and private enterprises
• They share resources and the waste from one enterprise is used as a resource for another.
• An example of industrial symbiosis.
• For example a chemical company provides cooling water to a steel company who provide the slag to form the base of asphalt.

Question 10

Adidas Parley Shoes

Answer 10

• Adidas partnered with Parley for the Oceans to create shoes from recycled ocean plastic.
• Each pair prevents 11 plastic bottles from entering the ocean.