Examining cells/tissues Flashcards
what is the function of nervous tissue
coordination and control of bodily functions
what is the function of connective tissue
connect other tissues together
provide support and transportation and protection
what is the function of muscle tissue
contraction mainly but can also secrete hormones
its under the control of nervous tissue
what is function of epithelial tissue
to line the inner surfaces of organs, vessels and cavities
what is a tissue
a group of cells that work together to perform a specific function
what is periodic acid-schiff stain
used to visualise anything with sugar attached to it - glycogen, glycolipids, glycoproteins, mucins
turns magenta colour
can identify cancers, fungal infections, kidney diseases
describe curettage biopsy
a biopsy technique that involves scraping
can be used to collect samples from skin and uterus
describe biopsy techniques that involve needles
- fine needle aspiration ~ used for suspicious lumps
- venepuncture ~ used when taking blood for a smear
- pipelle ~ used for uterus lining
- trephine ~ used for bone marrow
describe transvascular biopsy
a special tool is inserted ( eg. a wire or catheter) is inserted into a blood vessel and travels via the vessels to the target site to collect sample and pull it out
tissue needs to have a good vascular supply for this
eg. lungs, heart, liver
why is fixation used for samples
prevents the tissue sample from degrading and stiffens the biopsy
what is formalin and how is it used in biopsy
common fixative used
10% buffered
contains formaldehyde - it penetrates the tissue and forms cross-links between proteins and DNA
sample is immersed into the solution which isotonic to intracellular fluid
preserves cell and tissue structure
used to preserve cell and tissue structure
what is the most commonly used stain
H&E
haematoxylin and eosin
