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NPTE - NEURO > EXAMINATION > Flashcards

EXAMINATION Flashcards

1
Q

What is the abdominal reflex and the normal response?

A
  • stroking each quadrant of the abs with a blunt hammer
  • tests T8-L1
  • expect contraction of the abs and deviation of umbilicus toward the stimulus
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2
Q

What is the corneal blink reflex and the normal response?

A
  • ask patient to look up and away as your stroke cornea with cotton
  • tests trigeminal and facial nerves
  • in a normal response both eyes will blink
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3
Q

What is the cremasteric reflex and the normal response?

A
  • scratch the skin of the upper medial thigh
  • tests L1-L2
  • a brisk and brief elevation of the testicle on the same side
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4
Q

What is the gag reflex and the normal response?

A
  • therapist lightly stimulates each side of the back of the throat
  • tests glossopharyngeal and vagal nerve
  • a gag will occur!
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5
Q

What is the plantar reflex and the normal response?

A
  • stroke the lateral aspect of the sole of the foot from the heel to the ball up to the big toe
  • Tests L5-S1
  • normal response is flexion of the toes
  • am abnormal response = babinski (toe flare) signalling a CNS lesion
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6
Q

What is the grading scale for deep tendon reflexes?

A

0 = no response
1+ = diminished
2+ = active normal
3+ = exaggerated
4+ = hyperactive

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7
Q

Describe the bicep tendon reflex and its response

A
  • tests C5-C6
  • elbow in flexion, hand over bicep tendon
  • normal response is contraction of bicep and flexion of elbow
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8
Q

Describe the brachioradialis tendon and its response

A
  • level C5-C6
  • forearm in neutral and supported, stroke the radius one to two inches superior to the wrist
  • contraction of the brachioradialis muscle
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9
Q

Describe the triceps tendon muscle and its response

A
  • level C6-C7
  • strike muscle belly of tricep
  • normal is contraction of the triceps muscle and elbow extension
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10
Q

What level does the patellar tendon reflex test?

A
  • L3-L4
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11
Q

What level does the achilles tendon reflex test?

A
  • S1 - S2
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12
Q

What is the most common reason for absent reflexes?

A

peripheral neuropathy

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13
Q

What causes a hyperactive DTR?

A

an interruption of the cortical supply to the lower motor neuron

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14
Q

What is an afferent nerve signal?

A

Sensory

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15
Q

What is an efferent nerve single?

A

Motor

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16
Q

What is CN I and it’s test?

A
  • Olfactory
  • smells (afferent)
  • identify smells
17
Q

What is CN II and its test?

A
  • Optic
  • Sight (afferent)
  • visual fields and visual acuity
18
Q

What is CN III and its test?

A
  • Oculomotor
  • Efferent voluntary and automatic motor of the eyeball
  • test upward, downward, and medial gaze as well as reaction to light
19
Q

What is CN IV and its test?

A
  • Trochlear
  • Efferent voluntary motor of superior oblique
  • downward and inward gaze
20
Q

What is CN V and its test?

A
  • Trigeminal
  • Afferent touch and pain of skin of face, nose, sinuses, mouth, and anterior tongue
  • Efferent voluntary motor of muscles of mastication
  • Test: corneal reflex, face sensation, clench teeth
21
Q

What is CN VI and its test?

A
  • Abducens
  • Efferent voluntary motor of lateral rectus of eyeball
  • lateral gaze
22
Q

What is CN VII and its test?

A
  • Facial
  • Afferent taste of anterior tongue
  • efferent voluntary motor of facial muscles
  • facial movements for tests
23
Q

What is CN VIII and its test?

A
  • Vestibulocochlear
  • hearing and balance from ear
  • Afferent hearing and balance
  • hearing tests and balance tests
24
Q

What is CN IX and its test?

A
  • Glossopharyngeal
  • Afferent touch pain and taste on posterior tongue
  • Efferent voluntary motor muscles pharynx
  • test gag reflex and ability to swallow
25
Q

What is CN X and its test?

A
  • Vagus
  • Afferent touch and pain of throat and bronchi and taste of tongue
  • Efferent throat muscles and automatic of thoracic and abdominal viscera
  • gag reflex, ability to swallow, say AHHHH
26
Q

What is CN XI and its test?

A
  • Accessory
  • efferent voluntary motor of SCM and traps
  • test resisted shoulder shrug
27
Q

What is CN XII and its test?

A
  • hypoglossal
  • efferent voluntary motor of tongue
  • test tongue protusion (will deviate towards injured side)

NPTE - NEURO (3 decks)

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