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Anestesiologia > examen final > Flashcards

examen final Flashcards

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1
Q

En la analgesia usamos

A

primero opioides

segundo ketamina

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2
Q

Mas usado en la inducción anestésica

A

Propofol

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3
Q

Provocan anestesia

A

benzodiazepinas

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4
Q

mas usada en anestesia regional via subaracnoidea

A

morfina

fentanilo

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5
Q

Proporciona mayor estabilidad cardiaca

A

fentanilo

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6
Q

proporciona mayor estimulcion simpatica

A

ketamina

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7
Q

no debe usarse en cirugia oftalmica (aumenta la PIO, causa nistagmus)

A

ketamina

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8
Q

provoca pesadillas

A

Ketamina

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9
Q

Broncodilatador

A

Ketamina

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10
Q

broncoconstrictor

A

tiopental

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11
Q

antes de usar propofol se usa

A

lidocaina

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12
Q

Uso prolongado de propofol

A

acidosis metabolica

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13
Q

analgesico mas usado en el post operatorio

A

nalbufina

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14
Q

analgesico mas usado en el pre y post operatorio

A

fentanilo

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15
Q

provoca disociacion talamo cortical

A

ketamina

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16
Q

provoca antagonismo subcortical de glicina

A

propofol

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17
Q

mayor anticonvulsivante

A

tiopental

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18
Q

mas usadas como anticonvulsivante

A

benzodiacepinas

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19
Q

recipiente donde se elimina el anestesico, contiene calsodada

A

canister

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20
Q

Valvula inspiratoria abre…

A

del pte a la maquina

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21
Q

valvula expiratoria abre….

A

de la paquina al pte

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22
Q

Hoja recta

hoja curva

A

ninos

adultos

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23
Q

Anestesico inhalado menos potente

A

Eter

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24
Q

el anestesico es mas potente cuando

A

el CAM es mas bajo

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25
Q

Anestesico inhalado mas potente___ CAM___

A

Halotano, 0.75

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26
Q

CAM del eter

A

1.92

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27
Q

Mas soluble___ solublidad___

A

eter, 12

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28
Q

Inhalado mas usado

A

sevoflurano

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29
Q

mas insoluble_____ solubilidad____

A

NO,

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30
Q

CAM de NO

A

105

31
Q

CAM del sevoflurano

A

2

32
Q

Isoflurano CAM

HAlotano CAM

A
  1. 5

0. 75

33
Q

mas broncodilatador

A

Halotano y sevoflurano

34
Q

ideal para insuficiencia ventricular

A

isoflurano

35
Q

Vaporizador del halotano

A

0.5

36
Q

aumenta en cavidades como el encefalo

A

NO

37
Q

produce disfuncion de segundo gas, hipoxia al terminar anestesia

A

NO

38
Q

Mantiene el flujo sanguineo cerebral o lo disminuye poco

A

NO

39
Q

Se debe usar en todos los anestesicos inhalados

A

oxigeno

40
Q

produce mayor depresion depresion cardiovascular, mayor aumento de la PIC

A

Halotano

41
Q

provee mayor analgesia

A

NO

42
Q

Gold estandar de los nuevos anestesicos

A

isoflurano

43
Q

Ha dejado mayor legado

A

Eter

44
Q

Usado por mas de mil anos

A

NO

45
Q

ideal en ninos, disminuye levemente la FC

A

Sevoflurano

46
Q

derivan del eter

A

isoflurano y sevoflurano

47
Q

se usa para infiltracion anestesica topica y troncular, no se usa en anestesia raquidea

A

lidocaina

48
Q

se usa en infiltracion, anestesia topica, raquidea y peridural convinada con dexametasona para convertirla en pesada (cardiotoxica)

A

bupivacaina

49
Q

mas usada en anestesia regional

A

bupivacaina

50
Q

Anestesia peridural

A
  1. de volumen
  2. usa lidocaina, bupivacaina
  3. llega hasta el ligamento amarillo
  4. es cervicosacra
  5. agujas gruesas 16-18
51
Q

Anestesia raquidea

A
  1. de concentracion
  2. bupivacaina pesada 1-5 cc
  3. aguas finas 29-25
  4. usar analgesia como morfina
52
Q

En el bloqueo epidural el bloqueo motor….

A

estara 4 dermatomas por debajo del sensitivo, el cual estara al mismo nivel que el simpatico, predomina mas el bloqueo sensitivo

53
Q

En el bloqueo raquideo el simpatico estara….

A

2 dermatomaspor ensima del sesitivo y el motor estara dos por debajo, predomina mas el bloqueo motor

54
Q

Usado para evitar la hipotension

A

epinefrina (vasoactvo venoso)

55
Q

Ademas de a epinefrina podemos usar…. para evitar hipotension

A

fenilefrina (vasoactivo arterial)usado en ptes criticos y cardiacos

56
Q

Usado para mantener presion en pacientes cardiacos y neurocirugias

A

noradrenalina

57
Q

hoja de urvas en ninos

A

0 neonatos
1-2 pacientes pediatricos
3-4 8 anos
4 adultos

58
Q

guia para introducir la punta del laringoscopio

A

Vallecula

59
Q

Morfina

A

se usa mas en anestesia regional, via subaracnoidea. Produce analgesia por 24 horas

60
Q

mas usado va endovenosa, premedicacion, postanestesico inmediato, propocionamayor estabilidad hemodinamica, excelente act cardiaca

A

fentanilo

61
Q

mas usado en anestesia post operatorio, pte con anestesia general

A

nalbufina

62
Q

mas usado en la induccion anestesica, gral o inhalatoria

A

propofol

63
Q

deprime el centro emetico y tiene efecto anticonvulsivante

A

propofol

64
Q

tiene recuperacion con resaca

A

tiopental

65
Q

Anestesia

A

perdida reversible de la transmision nerviosa

66
Q

en recien nacidos 0-6 aumenta…..

A

El cam

67
Q

consumo cronico de alcohol

A

aumenta el cam

68
Q

hipertermia

A

aumenta el cam

69
Q

hipotermia, edad avanzada, embarazas, intoxicacion por alcohol disminuyen

A

el cam

70
Q

bloqueo motor predomina en

A

en el bloqueo raquideo

71
Q

mejor para neurocirugia

A

isoflurano

72
Q

Espacio para anestesia raquidea

A

L4- L5

73
Q

Anestesia

A

perdida reversible de todas las sensaciones con o sin sedacion

Anestesiologia (1 decks)

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