Exam4- Cancer Meds

Question 1

cyclophosphamide

Answer 1

-treats a wide variety of cancers

Question 2

patients taking cyclophosphamide often experience:

Answer 2

• bone marrow suppression
• severe nausea and vomiting
• alopecia

Question 3

hemorrhagic cystitis pertaining to cyclophosphamide

Answer 3

• as it’s excreted from the body, it ends up in the bladder
• as it sits there in the urine, it can cause severe damage to the bladder’s mucosa, causing bleeding

patients need lots of fluids (at least 3L/day) to help flush out the bladder

Question 4

clients taking cyclophosphamide also receive ______, which helps prevent hemorrhagic cystitis

Answer 4

mesna

Question 5

cisplatin is derived from ______

Answer 5

platinum

Question 6

cisplatin adverse effects

Answer 6

• bone marrow suppresion
• NVD
• alopecia
• *nephrotoxicity
• *ototoxicity

Question 7

client teaching about cisplatin

Answer 7

• need to be well-hydrated

- should be monitored for hearing loss and dizziness

Question 8

methotrexate dose

Answer 8

• often for RA (5-10mg)

- for cancer: may receive 20,000mg/dose

Question 9

common form of cancer to give methotrexate

Answer 9

leukemia

Question 10

adverse effects of methotrexate

Answer 10

• cytotoxic adverse effects (bone marrow suppression, NVD, alopecia)
• **nephrotoxicity (need lots of hydration)

Question 11

“antidote” for methotrexate

Answer 11

leucovorin

Question 12

doxorubicin

Answer 12

• bright red color

- rubor=”red”

Question 13

strange side effect of doxorubicin

Answer 13

turn urine and sweat red (harmless effect) but can stain clothing

Question 14

high yield concept about doxorubicin

Answer 14

it is cardiotoxic

-think: doxorubicin is red= heart is red

Question 15

clients taking doxorubicin also receive _______, which can help protect the heart

Answer 15

dexrazoxane

Question 16

vincristine come from:

Answer 16

periwinkle flower

Question 17

vincristine does not cause:

Answer 17

bone marrow suppression

Question 18

vincristine high yield concept:

Answer 18

does not cause bone marrow suppression

• -> damage to sensory neurons causes neuropathy
• ->damage to motor neurons causes decreased reflexes and weakness
• ->damage to autonomic neurons causes constipation and urinary hesitance

Question 19

tamoxifen mechanism

Answer 19

• many breast cancers have estrogen receptors
• when these receptors are triggered, they stimulate the cancer cells to grow and divide
• tamoxifen block these receptors, preventing their growth

Question 20

tamoxifen doesnt cause any _____

Answer 20

cytotoxic adverse effects (bone marrow suppression, NVD, alopecia)

Question 21

high yield concept about tamofixen

Answer 21

causes hot flashes

Question 22

leuprolide mechanism

Answer 22

• prostate cancer cells need testosterone to grow and divide
• leoprolide works by decreasing the production of testosterone
• its alternative to surgical removal of the testes (castration)0

Question 23

adverse effects of leuprolide

Answer 23

• decreased libido
• erectile dysfunction
• gynecomastia
• reduced muscle mass
• can also cause hot flashes