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Exam3 Flashcards

1
Q

This provides a service interface enabling clients to interact with servers in a more general way then
web browser do

A

Web service

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2
Q

This specifies the rules for using XML to package messages, for example to support a request/reply
protocol

A

The soap protocol

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3
Q

This works as an addition to web servers is based on the ability to use an HTTP request to cause the
execution of a program

A

The provision of web service

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4
Q

This is a textual representation that,
although more bulky than alternative representations, has been adopted for its readability and the
consequent ease of debugging

A

XML

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5
Q

This generally consists of a
collection of operations that can be used by a client over the internet

A

Web service interface

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6
Q

The operations in a web service may
be provided by a varietly of different
resources, for example

A

Programs, objects and database

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7
Q

They access the operations in the interface of a web service by means of requests and replies formatted in XML and usually transmitted over
HTTP

A

Clients

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8
Q

This refers to minimizing the
dependencies between services in
order to have a flexible underlying
architecture (reducing the risk that a
change in one service will have a
knock-on effect on the other
services)

A

Loose coupling

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9
Q

The acces point of a web service
with a ___________ can depend on
context and can change from time to
time, its current _________ can be
obtained from a ______ lookup
service

A

URN, URL, URN

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10
Q

This is designed to enable both
client-server and asynchronous
interaction over the internet

A

SOAP

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11
Q

This is an alternative approach
which uses its own service
description to deal with the servicespecify characteristics of the
messages its receives

A

REST

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12
Q

This is carried in an ‘envelope’.
Inside the envelope there is an optional header and a body

A

SOAP MESSAGE

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13
Q

The key characteristic of most web services in that they can process

A

XML formatted SOAP messages

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14
Q

This is a persistent reference, meaning that it will continue to refer to the service for as long as the server the URL, point to exists.

A

URL

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15
Q

In this type of service, the user authentication service and the print service can be implemented
more easily when they can fall back on the file service to meet their persistent storage needs.

A

the name service: the name service

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16
Q

This file type is a special type, which provides a mapping of text names to internal file identifiers.

A

A directory.

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17
Q

The files contain these two elements. The first is accessible by operations to read and write any
part of the stream, and the second is maintained as a single record containing information such as
file length, timestamps, file type, owner identity and access control lists.

A

Data and attributes.

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18
Q

These systems are responsible for the organization, storage, retrieval, naming, sharing and
protection of files.

A

File systems

19
Q

This type of system allows programs to store and access remote files exactly as they do local files,
allowing users to access files from any computer on a network

A

A distributed file system

20
Q

Providing access to files stored on a server with similar and, in some cases, better performance and
reliability than files stored on local disks is a feature of

A

A well-designed file service

21
Q

These attribute registry values are not affected by SetAttributes; they are maintained separately by
the flat file service itself.

A

The values of the length and timestamp

22
Q

This operation returns all or a subset of the names stored in a given directory. The names are
selected by pattern matching with a regular expression provided by the client.

A

GetNames() operation.

23
Q

With the exception of Create, these operations are idempotent, allowing the use of RPC semantics at
least once and are named:

A

Repeatable operations.

24
Q

In the UNIX file system, the user’s access rights are checked against the access mode (read or
write) requested in the open prompt and the file is opened only if the user has the necessary rights
and the file is called:

A

Access control.

25
Q

Lookup(),AddName(), UnName() and GetNames() are:

A

Directory service operations.

26
Q

This operation copies the sequence of n data elements starting at element i from the file specified in
Data, which is then returned to the client.

A

The read operation.

27
Q

This type of file system as provided by UNIX consists of a series of directories organized in a tree structure.

A

A hierarchical file system.

28
Q

In a distributed file system that supports file groups, the UFID representation includes a single document:

A

File group identifier component.

29
Q

This allows large amounts of data to be stored in files on multiple computers accessible over the
Internet and is part of the Hadoop Project.

A

UHMD Hadoop distributed file system

30
Q

It is Apache Software Foundation’s high-level project for Cloud Computing that targets Big Data processing.

A

HadoopProject

31
Q

They were originally introduced to support facilities for moving collections of files stored on
removable media between computers.

A

File groups.

32
Q

These are the two main components of a Hadoop cluster.

A

NameNode and DataNode

33
Q

The central role of the file service in distributed systems makes it essential that the service
continues to function in the face of client and server failures. This is part of:

A

Fault tolerance control.

34
Q

Allowing multiple servers to share the burden of providing a service to clients accessing the same
set of files and improving fault tolerance by allowing clients to locate another server containing a
copy of the file when one has failed are:

A

Benefits of replication

35
Q

Changes to a file by one client must not interfere with the operation of other clients
simultaneously accessing or changing the same file. This is part of:

A

Concurrency control.

36
Q

Service interfaces must be defined so that client and server software can be implemented for
different operating systems and computers that are characteristic to support:

A

Heterogeneity of hardware and operating system

37
Q

This term is often used to refer to all the additional information stored by a file system that is
needed for file management.

A

Metadata.

38
Q

In a file service, a file may be represented by several copies of its contents in different locations.
This is part of:

A

Replication.

39
Q

In distributed file systems, there is a need to authenticate client requests to control the correct user identities
and protect the content of request and response messages with digital signatures and secret data encryption,
this is part of:

A

Safety

40
Q

This module runs on each client computer, integrating and extending the operations of the flat file service and
directory service under a single application programming interface that is available to user-level programs on
client computers.

A

Client module.

41
Q

A distributed file service must offer facilities that are of at least the same power and generality as those found
in conventional file systems and must achieve a comparable level of performance, this is part of:

A

Efficiency control.

42
Q

This service provides a mapping between the text names of files and their UFIDs. In addition, it provides the
necessary functions to generate directories, to add new file names.

A

Directory service.

43
Q

This refers to a model for simultaneous file access in which the file contents seen by all processes accessing
or updating a given file are those that would be seen if only a single copy of the file contents existed.

A

Consistency control

44
Q

This provides a clear separation of the main concerns in providing file access that is obtained by structuring
the file service as three components: a flat file service, a directory service and a client module.

A

File service architecture.

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