Exam2 Flashcards
When is scoliosis more common in males?
infantile (0-3years old)
How does infantile scoliosis present?
with a left thoracic curve
What is the most common method used to measure scoliosis?
Cobb angle method
What kind of scoliosis is most common?
adolescent
What is the most common tumor to cause painful scoliosis on the concave side?
osteoid osteoma
Cafe au lair spots are common with this condition that is commonly seen with scoliosis?
neurofibromatosis
Uses the iliac crests to determine skeletal maturity
Risser’s sign
What are the four types of arthritis?
inflammatory, degenerative, metabolic and infection/septic
what are the inflammatory arthidities?
RA and psoriatic
What is the most common pathology of the spine?
degeneration
How would inflammatory athridities present?
with soft tissue swelling, uniform loss of a joint, junta-articular osteoporosis, mono or polyarticular, symmetric, greater predisposition for fusion
How would degenerative arthridities present?
with nonuniform loss of space, osteophytes, subchondral sclerosis and cysts, asymmetric
What is the term for pathologies of the spinal cord?
myelopathies
What are the ABCDS of joint disease?
alignment, bone, cartilage, distribution, and soft tissue
Degenerative arthritis typically occurs in what type of segments and at what age?
>40 years old and in weight bearing joints
What are the two most common degenerative arthridities?
OA and DDD
Where would OA most likely occur in women? men?
women-OA in hands and knees Men-OA in hip
What would you see on an X-ray with someone who has OA?
asymmetric loss of joint space, Gull wing in DIP and PIP joints, joint mice from cartilage degradation and enthesopathy
DJD of the hands in DIPs?
heberden nodes
DJD in PIP joints?
Bouchard’s nodes
Erosive arthritis is rare and occurs with inflammation. What appearance is found on radiographs in DIP joints associated with erosive arthritis?
gull wing appearance
What gender more commonly gets erosive arthritis?
females
OA in the feet is most commonly found where?
MTP joint
Hallux valgus describes what?
bunion (OA of the foot)
DJD of the shoulder most commonly affects what area?
AC joint
Calcification pathology at ligament/tendon attachment site
enthesopathy
What muscle is most commonly affected in a rotator cuff tear?
supraspinatus
What muscle is most commonly affected by HADD?
supraspinatus
DJD of the knee shows loss of the medial compartment of the knee causing?
genu varus
What is the finding with pelligrini? What is the diagnosis?
steida calcification HADD of the medial tibial collateral ligament
Pigmented villonodular synovitis (PVNS) is most common in what area and shows what kind of deformity of film?
at the knee apple core deformity
OA of the hip shows loss of 80% of which area of the joint space?
superior
Subchondral cysts found in the hip only and associated with OA?
Eggar’s cysts/geodes
Thickened cortex at medial femoral neck associated with OA?
buttressing
Who is most at risk for neurotrophic atrophy? (charcot/neurotrophic joints)
diabetics
