Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

bio101 > exam2 > Flashcards

exam2 Flashcards

1
Q

When using a microscope to view cells you obtained from scraping under your fingernails, you notice that the cells lack nuclei; therefore, you conclude that the cells must be a type of ________ cell.

A

Prokaryotic

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

One difference between eukaryotic and prokaryotic cells is that eukaryotic cells ______ prokaryotic cells

A

have membrane-enclosed structures called organelles, which are lacking in

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

You find a cell of a type you have never seen before. The cell has both a nucleus and a cell wall. Therefore, you conclude that it is likely to be a(n) ________ cell.

A

Plant

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Which one of the following groups is composed of prokaryotic cells?

A

Bacteria

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Which is a function of the plasma membrane?

A

regulate traffic of chemicals in and out of the cell

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

When mixed with water, phospholipids spontaneously form membranes because they ________.

A

have hydrophilic phosphate groups that are attracted to water and hydrophobic fatty acid tails that avoid water

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Which of the following are the two main components of cellular membranes?

A

Proteins and phospholipids

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Which of these distinguishes a plant cell from an animal cell?

A

presence of a cell wall

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

The nuclear envelope is composed of ______

A

a double membrane

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

The structural combination of DNA and protein forms ________

A

Chromatin

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Coded genetic information is produced in the nucleus and transferred to the cytoplasm in a molecule called ____

A

messenger RNA

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Where does protein synthesis take place?

A

on ribosomes

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

The function of the chloroplast is to __________.

A

convert light energy to chemical energy

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Mitochondria, the sites of cellular respiration, are found in __________.

A

plant cells and animal cells

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Energy can be defined as ________.

A

the capacity to cause change

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

You are riding on your bike and stop pedaling, coasting along the road. Eventually, your bike slows down and stops. What happened to the energy of your motion when your bike stopped?

A

It was released as heat.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

Which of the following is an example of potential energy?

A

a bowling ball placed on the top shelf of a closet

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

Molecules of food have a form of potential energy called __________.

A

chemical energy

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

Calories are units of __________.

A

energy

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

What compound directly provides energy for cellular work?

A

ATP

21
Q

ATP energizes other molecules in cells by transferring a(n) ________ to those molecules.

A

phosphate group

22
Q

ATP drives work in cells by __________

A

transferring its phosphate group to other cell molecules

23
Q

The sum total of all the chemical reactions that occur in organisms is called ________

A

metabolism

24
Q

An enzyme’s function is most dependent on its ________.

A

shape

25
Q

The region of an enzyme to which a substrate binds is called the ________ site.

A

active

26
Q

Substances that plug up an enzyme’s active site are enzyme ________.

A

inhibitors

27
Q

Activation energy can be described as __________.

A

energy that must be invested to start a reaction

28
Q

Osmosis can be defined as ________

A

the diffusion of water across a selectively permeable membrane

29
Q

If placed in tap water, an animal cell will undergo lysis, whereas a plant cell will not. What accounts for this difference?

A

relative inelasticity and strength of the plant cell wall

30
Q

Active transport ________.

A

can involve the transport of ions

31
Q

Which one of the following is an example of osmosis?

A

Water enters a plant by passing through the root cell membranes.

32
Q

A process is referred to as aerobic if it requires ________

A

oxygen

33
Q

Respiration describes the exchange of gases between your blood and the air. Cellular respiration ________

A

produces ATP

34
Q

Choose the equation that describes aerobic cellular respiration most accurately.

A

glucose + oxygen → carbon dioxide + water + energy

35
Q

The final electron acceptor of aerobic respiration is ______

A

oxygen

36
Q

Where in the cell does glycolysis occur?

A

cytoplasm

37
Q

__________ is used as fuel and __________ is produced as a waste in the overall process of cellular respiration.

A

Glucose … carbon dioxide

38
Q

The main function of cellular respiration is __________

A

making ATP to power cell activities

39
Q

Aerobic metabolism always requires _____

A

oxygen

40
Q

At the end of the electron transport chain the electrons are taken up by oxygen to generate __________

A

water

41
Q

Which metabolic pathway is common to both aerobic and anaerobic processes of sugar breakdown?

A

glycolysis

42
Q

What waste product do yeast produce under anaerobic conditions?

A

ethyl alcohol

43
Q

What is the name of the process in which pyruvic acid is converted to lactic acid?

A

fermentation

44
Q

What is the function of stomata?

A

gas exchange

45
Q

What are the membranous sacs found within a chloroplast?

A

thylakoids

46
Q

A shade-tolerant plant that is provided its preferred wavelength of light, but only minimal amounts of water, would likely experience _______

A

decreased amounts of ATP being produced by the plants

47
Q

The Calvin cycle makes direct use of ________ to make ________

A

CO2, ATP, and NADPH; sugar

48
Q

The overall function of the Calvin cycle is __________

A

making sugar

49
Q

Where does the energy for the Calvin cycle come from?

A

NADPH and ATP

bio101 (1 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions