EXAM1 Flashcards
Who is Florence Nightingale?
Founder of the first School of Nursing, shaped field of sanitation (asepsis), founder of public health statistics. First Nursing Researcher, popularized the pie chart
Who is Dorothy Dix?
Advocate for mental health reform, superintendent of Army nurses in the civil war.
Who is Clara Barton?
Founded the American red Cross
Who is Mary Eliza Mahoney
First African American nursing graduate ( in 1879 )
Who is Luisa parson?
Founder of the University of Maryland School of Nursing.
Who is Mary Elizabeth Carnegie?
First African American elected president of the American academy of Nursing.
Who is Luther Christman?
Created/founded the American Assembly for men in nursing.
Advocated for the BSN to be the minimum entry level to nursing.
Who is Patricia benner?
Created the five levels of hierarchy nursing model. Novice. Advanced beginner. Competent. Proficient. Expert.
What is licensing?
Licensing - administered by state and allowed people to use the title RN
What is credentialing?
Credentialing - verification of completion from an approved RN program, and state background check
What is certification?
Certification validates knowledge skills and ability for practice and specific functional or clinical areas of nursing ( IE. gerontology, education, oncology, etc.)
What is AACN
AACN is American association of credentialing of nurses. They are the largest non-governmental organization that offers nursing certification programs.
What is privileging?
Privileging is the process by which a healthcare organization grants permission for the RN to provide certain aspects of care.
Nursing philosophy
Organizing nursing paradigm concepts:
Values
Beliefs
Attitude
Why is it important to respond with feedback?
Feedback helps the communicators make sure that the message has been decoded correctly.
What is the dynamic of nonverbal communication?
Body language 55%
vocal tones 38%
verbal 7%
What are forms of nonverbal communication?
Touch. Eye contact. Facial expressions. Posture. Gate. Guestures. general physical appearance. Mode of dress and grooming. Sounds. Silence
What factors influence communication
Developmental level. Biological sex. Socio-cultural differences. Space and territoriality Physical commental, and emotional state. Values. Environmental. Hearing, vision impairments
What are Communication enhancers?
Active listener. Paraphrasing. Clarification. Reflection of client feelings. Summarizing. Focusing on important content. Direct questions. Indirect questions
What are communication blockers?
Failing to listen. Changing topics. Making stereotypes responses or cliches. False reassurance. Being judgmental. Asking why. Bombarding client with questions. Challenging Moralizing
Nonverbal active listening - s o l e r
Sit squarely. Open posture. Lean forward. Eye contact. Relax and unhurried appearance
What is required for active listening?
Share the message.
Convey understanding of the message.
continuous decoding of the message.
Use appropriate nonverbal listening skills
What is restatement or paraphrasing?
Takes the client’s words and transforms it into the nurse’s own words without losing the original meaning.
Helps the client elaborate without forcing a specific answer.
Useful when the client over generalizes or seems stuck in a repetitive line of thinking.
Examples of restatement or paraphrasing
Are you saying that…
You mean…
Let me see if I have this right…
What is clarification?
requesting for additional information to understand the meaning of the message received.
Demonstrates the nurses desire to understand the client’s communication.
What is reflection?
Direct back to client’s feelings regarding ideas, questions, or content.
Shows the clients that their feelings have value.
Gives the client permission to have feelings.
What is focusing?
Redirects a client back to focus on an important issue.
Response requires more than yes or no answer.
What are values?
Set of personal beliefs and attitudes about truth, beauty, and the worth of any thought, object or behavior.
What is presence in nursing practice?
Humanistic quality of relating
Characteristics of nursing presence?
Uniqueness. Connecting. Sensing. Going beyond the data. Knowing. Being with the patient. Afford s compassion, trust and reassurance
What is uniqueness?
involves direct contact with and being open to each individual patient.
Takes into account the uniqueness of the patient.
Requires gathering and remembering small bits of information about the patient.
What is connecting
related to the concept of uniqueness.
Seeing the whole person and not just the tasks to be accomplished.
Getting an appropriately deeper level and building trust
What is knowing?
Knowing the patient’s needs emotionally physically and spiritually.
being willing to attend to those needs regardless of time constraints.
Honoring and respecting each patient and acknowledging their individuality
What is being with the patient?
Being physically and mentally present.
Being sensitive to the patient’s objective experience.
Using of active listening and responsiveness.
Using silence at times
What are the three types of silence?
Awkward.
Invitational.
Compassionate
What are the three group roles
Task- enable the work group to define clarify and pursue a common purpose. Keep the group on track.
Maintenance- foster supportive and constructive interpersonal relationships maintenance roles keep the group together.
Personal role
What is sbar
Situation, background, assessment, recommendation
What is stepps
Strategies and Tools to Enhance Performance and Patient Safety
What is the cultural assessment tool ASKED
Awareness of own personal bias
Skill ability to collect relevant cultural data
Knowledge process of seeking info based on different cultural and ethnic groups
Encounters interacting directly with patients from culturally dirverse backgrounds
Desire motivation of provider to want to engage in process of becoming culturally competent.
What is the cultural assessment tool LEARN
Listen to patients perception
Explain his/her perception (the nurse)
Acknowledge similarities/differences
Negotiate a treatment plan incorporating aspects of patient culture.
What is the cultural assessment tool ETHNIC
Explanation patient perception of problem
Treatment nurse asks about treatments used
Healers nurse asks about alternative med advice
Negotiate find the best, naturally acceptable option
Intervention appropriate, incorporates alt. Tx
Collaboration all providers
What are the four types of female genital mutilation
Type 1, also called clitoridectomy: partial or total removal of the clitoris and/or the prepuce
AKA: female circumcision
type 2, also called excision: partial a total removal of clitoris and labia minora with or without excision of the Libya majora. The amount of tissue that is removed varies widely from community to community.
Type 3, also called infibulation: narrowing of the vaginal orifice with a covering seal The seal is formed by cutting and repositioning the labia minora and/or the labia majora. This can take place with or without removal of the clitoris.
Type 4: all other harmful procedures to the female genitalia for non-medical purposes, for example: freaking, piercing, and incising, scraping or cauterization.
Requirements for effective communication
Information must be: Complete Accurate Timely Unambiguous Understood by the patient Culturally and linguistically appropriate
What are the communication barriers with patients who have sensory deficits?
Language. Speech. Hearing. Cognition. Vision. Entering education. Airway issues
