Exam1 Flashcards

(64 cards)

1
Q

Method of intuition

A

seems obvious or self evident

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2
Q

Method of experience

A

holding firm to a belief because it seems consistant with your experiances

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3
Q

Method of authority

A

someone respectable told you

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4
Q

method of science

A

because of scientific studies

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5
Q

Scientific method

A

Theory then hypothesis then collect data then vericfication

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6
Q

correlation

A

(r) describes the relationship between two variables

0 being no relationship and 1 being a perfect relationship

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7
Q

Decision tree for ethical decisions

A

is it legal?
does it maximise share holder value
Is it ethical
would it be ethical to not do it?

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8
Q

Carrol’s Global CSR pyramid

A
(Top)Philanthropic Responsibility (Be a good global Citizen)
Ethical Responsibility(Be ethical)
Legal Responsibility (Be Legal)
(Bottom) Economic Responsibility
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9
Q

Novo Nordisk Triple Bottom Line

A

Social Responsibility
Environmental Responsibility
Economic Viability

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10
Q

Thomas Dunfee on CSR

A

managers have discretion to act with moral and social motivations beyond mere compliance with the law, within a certain range, at a cost of approximately 1-2% of profits” can be up to 5% in special circumstances
CSR should be linked with a companies core competencies

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11
Q

Social Initiatives

A

voluntarily conducted without profit-making motive:

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12
Q

7 General Moral Principles for managers

A
Dignity of human life
autonomy (act in a way that demonstrates each persons worth)
Honesty
Loyalty
Fairness
Humaneness
The common good
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13
Q

Self Esteem

A
Belief about ones own self worth
More educated have higher self esteem
gets higher untill 60 then declines 
can be improved
Established by life experiences and how others treat us
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14
Q

Self Efficacy

A

a persons belief about their chances of successfully completing a task
High self efficacy is associated with success
managers need to nurture self efficacy
Review Page 127

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15
Q

Self Monitoring

A

the extent to which a person observes his or her own self-expressive behavior and adapts it to the situation
Self monitoring is good but too much can make you seem fake

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16
Q

The Big 5 Personality Traits

A
Conscientiousness
Agreeableness
Nuroticism
Openness to experience
Extraversion
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17
Q

Conscientiousness

A

Dependable, responsible, achievement, oriented, persistent

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18
Q

Agreeableness

A

Trusting, good natured, cooperative, soft hearted

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19
Q

Neuroticism

A

Nervous, moody, emotional, insecure

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20
Q

Openness to experience

A

Intellectual, imaginative, curious, broad minded

Stable Linked to genetics likely to stay the same

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21
Q

Extraversion

A

Outgoing, talkative, social, assertive

Stable Linked to genetics likely to stay the same

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22
Q

Proactive Personality

A

Action-oriented person who shows initiative and perseveres to change things
Common trait found in entrepreneurs

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23
Q

External Locus of conrol

A

lifes outcomes determined by external factors such as luck or fate

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24
Q

internal locus of control

A

one is in charge of their own destiny

high performance
high job satisfaction
less anxiety

possibly less humility because they think that they are solely responsible for all good thing that happen to them

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25
Emotional Intelligence
ability to manage oneself and interact with others in a constructive way the ability to monitor and control your emotions in a constructive way
26
Tuckmans 5 Stages
``` Forming Storming norming Performing adjourning ```
27
Forming
Little agreement Unclear purpose Rely on leaders for guidance and direction
28
Storming
Conflict increased Power Struggles Leaders need to clarify roles and coach
29
Norming
agreement and concensous clear roles and responsibilities Leaders at this point are facilitators
30
Performing
Clear Vision and Purpose Focus on goal achievment Team leader is delegation
31
adjourning
task complete hopefully a good feeling about acomplishments Leader gives recognition
32
Task Roles
``` Focus on acomplishing goals Initiator Coordinator Energizer Recorder ```
33
Maintenance Roles
Foster collaboration and constructive relationships Encourager (praise) Harmonizer (mediator) Compromiser (may suggest a middle ground) Gatekeeper (tries to engage all members)
34
Groupthink
feeling of pressure by members of a group to conform and agree and a tendency to be unwilling to realistically view alternatives
35
Social Loafing
a decrease in individual effort as group size increases Annonimity increases this lack of accountability
36
Functional Organization
Grouped departments based on function ex sales and marketing, production, finance and accounting
37
Divisional Organization
grouped based on divisions divisional structures often have a functional structure below them Type of product/ type of customer Focus divisison/ excursion division/ gt40 division or location china division/ america
38
Matrix
formed along two dimensions example divisions along product and along section the ford example in this sturcture people end up having two boss's to report to
39
Ways to access Organizational effectiveness
Resource Acquisition Goal Acomplishment Internal Process Strategic Constituency satisfaction Not all of these methods will work with all companies it is best to determine what will work best
40
Resource Acquisition
Does the organization acquire the necessary resources to pursue it’s objectives? This increasingly involves successfully attracting and retaining human capital.
41
Goal Acomplishment
is the most widely used effectiveness criterion and is simply measured by the extent that the organization achieved its publicly stated goals and objectives.
42
Internal Process
Is it functioning with a minimum of internal strain? Is it healthy in that information flows freely and employees are loyal, committed, satisfied and trusted.
43
Strategic Constituency satisfaction
Are the demands and expectations of key interest groups and stakeholders at least minimally satisfied
44
Early Warning signs of decline
Tolerance of incompetence Scarcity of Clear Goals and Decision Benchmarks Outdated Organizational Structure Decreased Innovation
45
Innovation
Requires creativity invention and Integration | It is not enought to just come up with a good idea you have to implement it
46
Seeds of Innovation
Some seeds of innovation include: Hard work in a specific direction – most innovations come from dedicated people working hard to solve a well-defined problem Hard work with direction change – innovations often occur when people change their approach to solving a problem Curiosity – curiosity spawns experimentation and inventiveness Wealth and money – innovations frequently occur because economic viability depends on it Necessity – required to achieve a larger goal Combination of seeds – often innovation is a result of multiple factors
47
Cultural Intelegence
The ability to interpret ambiguous cross-cultural situations accurately
48
Power Distance (Hofstede)
Power distribution in an organization High power distance is greater inequality in power Low power distance power is distrubuted more equally What does a culture expect is something to think about?
49
Masculinity/ Feminityq
This is the extent that the culture values stereotypically masculine or feminine traits Masculine being competitive driven and feminine being nuture driven\ France, Sweden, Denmark, The Netherlands, and Russia are high femininity cultures whereas the US, Japan, and Germany are high masculinity cultures.
50
Uncertanty Avoidance
This is the extent that the culture desires highly structured situations and relies on formal rules The US, Indonesia, and the Netherlands are countries with low uncertainty avoidance whereas Japan, Korea, Russia, France, and Pakistan are high on uncertainty avoidance.
51
Individualism vs Collectivism
I and Me Vs We and Us A good look into this is how the culture would write resumes Egypt, Nepal, Mexico, India, Japan High collectivist
52
Monochronic vs Poly chronic
Polychronic- Time is flexible and multidimensional punctuality is less important MonoChonic- time is very important
53
Basic assumptions
Values deep to the company so deep that not following them would be unthinkable Often not visable to the public Dupont and safety
54
Espoused Values
companies stated values
55
Observable Artifacts
include dress, awards, myths and stories, published lists of values, observable rituals and ceremonies, and visible behavior exhibited by people and groups.
56
enacted values
the values observed by other employees and the manager behavior
57
Competing Values Framework (Clan)
Colaboration Cohesion participation empowerment Morale people Development Commitment
58
Competing Values Framework (Adhocracy)
Create Adaptability Creativity Agility Innovation Growth and Cutting edge output
59
Competing Values Framework (Hierarchy)
Control Capable Process Process controll Consistancy Measurement Efficiency
60
Competing Values Framework (Market)
Compete Customer Focus Productivity Enhancing competitiveness Market Share Profitability and goal achievment
61
Attraction
That is people are attracted to organizations whose attributes are congruent with or similar to their own personal characteristics
62
Selection
Organization’s choose applicants with attributes it desires. This is often heavily influenced by the founders of the organization. Organizations do this by screening people on different critical thinking skills or personality measures
63
Attrition
People will leave organization if they don’t fit. That is if they feel that the job or culture is not aligned with their abilities or values, they will opt to leave.
64
Socialization into a company
anticipatory socialization, encounter, and change and acquisition.