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Bio 122 > Exam Two > Flashcards

Exam Two Flashcards

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Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q

creates a bond between the sugar-phosphate backbone of neighboring nucleotides

A

DNA Ligase

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2
Q

unwinds the DNA and separates the base pairs

A

helicase

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3
Q

adds nucleotides to a growing chain of nucleotides

A

DNA polymearse

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4
Q

holds the code for building a protein

A

mRNA

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5
Q

contains an anti-codon and pairs with a specific amino acid

A

tRNA

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6
Q

works within the ribosomal complex

A

rRNA

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7
Q

the growing amino acid chain is transferred to the new amino acid creating a growing protein

A

p site

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8
Q

the tRNA which no longer has an amino acid exits from the ribosome

A

e site

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9
Q

a tRNA with an amino acid enters and base pairs with codon on the mRNA

A

a site

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10
Q

uses a nucleotide code to build a protein

A

translation

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11
Q

creates two identical copies of DNA

A

replication

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12
Q

creation of a temporary nucleotide code from the master code for a specific purpose (like making a protein later)

A

transcription

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13
Q

codon

A

a sequence of three nucleotides which together form a unit of genetic code in a DNA or RNA molecule.

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14
Q

exon

A

a segment of a DNA or RNA molecule containing information coding for a protein or peptide sequence.

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15
Q

intron

A

a segment of a DNA or RNA molecule which does not code for proteins and interrupts the sequence of genes.

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16
Q

promoter

A

is a region of DNA upstream of a gene where relevant proteins (such as RNA polymerase and transcription factors) bind to initiate transcription of that gene

17
Q

splicing

A

The process by which introns are removed from RNA to produce mature messenger RNA that contains only exons.

18
Q

alternative splicing

A

Alternative splicing seems to occur in many proteins and by alternative exon usage a set of related proteins can be generated from one gene, often in a tissue or developmental stage specific manner.

19
Q

anti codon

A

pairs with a codon insuring that the codon pairs with the right amino acid

Bio 122 (1 decks)

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