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DASA DevOps Fundamentals course > Exam training > Flashcards

Exam training Flashcards

1
Q

What means the wall of confusion between Dev and Ops?

A

The wall of confusion is a psychological and procedural barrier that obstructs the flow of communication
between the Development and the Operations teams

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2
Q

Name 11 primary problems underlying the wall of confusion.

A 
Organizational Silos
Different Mindsets
Different Implementations
Different Tools:
Lack of Interest in Learning Other Tools
Different Environments:
Loss of Work
Blame Game
Build Rollback
Disintegrated Processes
No Feedback Loop
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3
Q

What are the 3 elements of creating an antifragile organisation?

A

Management innovation
Lean Startup
Devops

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4
Q

How differs the High-performing IT Organization from other organizations? 5x

A 
3 highs:
- More frequent deployments
- Faster recovery from failures
- Better netto promotor scores
2 lows:
- Lower change failure rates
- Shorter lead times
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5
Q

Seven reasons for DevOps

A
  • Improved speed to market
  • Continuous Integration and delivery
  • Higher quality, fewer failures, and higher stability
  • Innovation and creativity
  • Increased employee engagement and job satisfaction
  • Breaking down silos and eliminating waste; It is all about collaboration!
  • Resource and cost reduction
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6
Q

DASA devops definition

A

DevOps is a CULTURAL and OPERATIONAL model that

fosters COLLABORATION to ENABLE high-performance IT to ACHIEVE business goals

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7
Q

What are the 2 core methodologies underlying DevOps?

A

Agile methodologies and Lean IT

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8
Q

Name 3 differences between Activity focused and product-focused development.

A

‘Activity-Focused’ (siloed) Traditional vs ‘Product-Focused’ (team): Agile

Specialty Oriented Work Oriented
Functionally Organized Team Organized
Project Focused Product Focused
Work with Individuals Work with Teams

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9
Q

What is the difference between plan-driven and value-driven regarding devils triangle?

A

Plan-driven: functionality is fixed

value-driven: resources and time is fixed

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10
Q

Lean focuses on creating the value for customer. name the 4 elements of Lean to create this value.

A

Pull, perfection, flow, value stream

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11
Q

What is flow in Lean context?

A

Create a continuous flow in production with the Just-in-Time approach and reduce peak and low volumes

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12
Q

Name 6 DevOps core principles

A

CCECCA

  • Customer-centric action
  • Create with the end in mind
  • End-to-end responsibility
  • Cross-functional autonomous teams
  • Continuous improvement
  • Automate everything you can
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13
Q

How to meet customer requirements? 4x

A

● Innovate continuously.
● Adjust when a certain strategy is not working.
● Constantly invest in products and services that receive a maximum level of customer delight.
● Rapidly respond to changing or emerging customer needs.

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14
Q

Name the 7 keyroles of devops

A 
Scrum Master/Team Manager
Business representative/Product Owner
Technical architect
Developer
Tester
Operations Engineer
User Experience
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15
Q

name 4 Dasa Skill Areas

A 
CoCoLeTe:
Courage
Teambuilding
DevOps Leadership
Continuous Improvement
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16
Q

name 8 Dasa Knowledge Areas

A 
Business Value Optimization
Business analysis
Architecture and design
Programming
Continuous Delivery
Test specification
Infrastructure Engineering
Security, Risk and compliance
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17
Q

Name 5 DASA maturity levels

A 
Fundamentals
Practitioner
Specialization: enable and scale
Specialization: Specify and verify
Specialization: Create and deliver
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18
Q

What are underlying problems regarding the wall of confusion?

A

Dissolving the wall of confusion requires tackling a variety of underlying problems, such as
organizational silos, different mindsets, blame game, build rollback, disintegrated processes,
and no feedback loops.

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19
Q

What is antifragility?

A

Antifragility is the ability of systems (or organizations) to get better as a result of shock,
disruptions or disorder.

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20
Q

What is culture?

A

Culture is the sum total of behavior and mindset of an organization, supported and enhanced
by the values and beliefs of that organization.

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21
Q

What is the core of DevOps culture

A

The core of the DevOps culture is the emphasis on service.

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22
Q

Two elements of service mindset

A

A perfect service mindset ensures that a high quality product is not only available but also
meets the needs of the customer.

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23
Q

What are the 6 typical cultural aspects of a DevOps team

A 
The typical cultural aspects of a DevOps team are Continuous Learning, 
Experimentation, 
Build Quality in, 
An Engineering Culture, 
A Culture of Effectiveness, and 
A Culture of Product Thinking.
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24
Q

Some of the cultural elements that can help you develop an effective and successful DevOps
culture

A

Some of the cultural elements that can help you develop an effective and successful DevOps
culture are
Teambuilding and Collaboration,
Continuous Improvement and Problem-Solving,
Courage and Experimentation, and
Leadership and Feedback.

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25
Q

Definition of a team

A

A team is a small number of people with complementary skills who are committed to a common
purpose, set of performance goals, and approach for which they hold themselves mutually
responsible

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26
Q

The three key aspects that can motivate anyone

A

The three key aspects that can motivate anyone are Autonomy, Mastery, and Purpose.

27
Q

The Kaizen mindset means integrating the three behaviors

A 
The Kaizen mindset means integrating the three behaviors: 
- Seeing and prioritizing problems,
- solving the problems, and 
- sharing lessons learned, 
into the DevOps team.
28
Q

The four actions that a DevOps team can take to ensure their actions are accepted

A

The four actions that a DevOps team can take to ensure their actions are accepted are

  • ensure customer buy-in,
  • define and deliver an MVP,
  • focus on the goal, and
  • take small steps
29
Q

Leadership is about

A

Leadership is about

  • taking decisions,
  • acting in accordance with the goals of the team,
  • and being accountable for the actions taken by the team.
30
Q

Central command vs Mission command

A

Central command is to lead a team through detailed instructions. Mission command means
leading a team through vision and empowerment.

31
Q

An effective leadership helps DevOps teams to overcome the five barriers:

A 
An effective leadership helps DevOps teams to overcome the five barriers: 
TRACC
- lack of TRUST, 
- fear of CONFLICT, 
- avoidance of ACCOUNTABILITY, 
- lack of COMMITMENT, 
- inattention to RESULTS.
32
Q

Keytool for leaders?

A

Feedback is the key tool that leaders should use and stimulate.

33
Q

What means changing a culture?

A

Changing the culture is a collective movement in which behavior, attitude, and mindset are
adjusted through feedback.

34
Q

Describe Conways law.

A

Organizations which design systems are constrained to produce designs which are copies of the
communication structures of these organizations.

35
Q

What is the current preferred organization model for DevOps?

A

The current preferred way of organizing DevOps teams is to enable autonomous Business
System teams that can “land” their application and infrastructure code on a platform that is
maintained by a Platform team.

36
Q

How are activity-focused organizations organized?

A

Activity-focused organization are specialty Oriented, Functionally Organized, Project Focused,
Work with Individuals, and Optimized for Resource Utilization.

37
Q

How are productr-focused organizations organized?

A

Product-focused organization Work Oriented, Team Organized, Product Focused, Work with
Teams, and Optimized for Speed.

38
Q

How to set up teams?

A

Set up teams structured around distinct services and products

39
Q

What are the three basic design criteria to determine the autonomy of a team?

A

The three basic design criteria to determine the autonomy of a team are customer, technology
stack, and knowledge.

40
Q

What is the decoupling point?

A

The decoupling point defines the point within the technology stack where the responsibility is
transferred between the Business System team and the Platform team.

41
Q

What is the aim of IT architecture?

A

The aim of IT architecture is to support functional requirements with non-functional or quality
requirements. Building (other) qualities in simultaneously with the functional requirements is a
major enabler of faster and better IT services.

42
Q

What is the relation between complexity, number of services and quality?

A

Complexity increases with the number of services, and quality falls as complexity increases

43
Q

What are the guidelines for microservice architecture (MSA)?

A

Guidelines for MSA include

  • autonomous systems,
  • simplicity, and
  • low coupling/high cohesion.
44
Q

Characteristics of MSA include…9x

A

Characteristics of MSA include

  • Componentization via Services,
  • Organized Around Business Capabilities,
  • Products not Projects,
  • Smart Endpoints and Dumb Pipes
  • Decentralized Governance
  • Decentralized Data Management
  • Infrastructure Automation
  • Design for Failure Tolerate, and
  • Evolutionary Design.
45
Q

Why governance?

A

Governance ensures that the Business receives the right Innovation and Service Delivery as
agreed (on time, at agreed quality and at the right price).

46
Q

What is an important technique to scaling Scrum and meet governance?

A

The Scrum of Scrums meeting is an important technique in scaling Scrum to a large project
with multiple Business System teams.

47
Q

What is the preferred interaction between Business System teams and Platform teams?

A

selfservice by Business Service teams.

48
Q

What are the components of the Spotify model?

A 
Squad = team
Tribe = organizing multiple related squads
Chapter = cross-squad team in tribe
Guild = cross tribe team
49
Q

What is the goal of a chapter?

A

maintaining and developing standards

50
Q

What is the goal of a guild?

A

community of interest (development, test, UX…)

51
Q

What means DMAIC

A 
Define
Measure
Analyze
Improve
Control
52
Q

Implementing DevOps across multiple teams brings a new set of (governance) challenges. Name 6x

A 
Implementing DevOps across multiple teams brings a new set of challenges, such as:
● Project dependencies
● Multiple locations
● Centralized resource planning
● Integration of technologies
● Multiple stakeholders
● Operational support
53
Q

What are key characteristics of Agile?

A

Agile is a time-boxed and iterative approach towards software delivery

54
Q

What are key characteristics of Scrum?

A

Scrum emphasizes

  • empirical feedback,
  • team self management, and
  • performs product increments within short iterations.
55
Q

Name the Agile Manifesto

A

When working Agile, the team chooses:
○ Individuals and interactions over processes and tools.
○ Working software over comprehensive documentation.
○ Customer collaboration over contract negotiation.
○ Responding to change over following a plan.

56
Q

The eight types of waste

A

The eight types of waste can be recalled by thinking TIMWOODS: Transportation, Inventory,
Motion, Wait, Overprocessing, Overproduction, Defects, and Non-Utilized Skills.

57
Q

Why Value Stream Mapping

A

VSM is about identifying (and removing) wastes in a process.

58
Q

Why Minimal Value Product-tool?

A

MVP is a great tool for verifying hypothesis

59
Q

Why Story Mapping?

A

Story Mapping helps build your MVP in an iterative manner where one can use Agile
methodologies to engineer the solution.

60
Q

ITIL is published as a series of five books that cover the following five ITSM lifecycle stages:…

A 
Service Strategy
Service Design
Service Transition
Service Operation
Continual Service Improvement
61
Q

Lean is an organized way that considers the following aspects to deliver maximum customer value:

A

● Eliminate waste (also known as Muda)
● Eliminate overburden/too high workload (also known as Muri)
● Eliminate lack of balance in workloads/lack of predictable flow (also known as Mura)

62
Q

What are the steps of VSM?

A 
Customer Objectives and Process Actors
Define Activities
Define Work in Progress
Identify Rework
Assess Activities
Determine Proccess Cycle Efficiency
Determine Value Add for Each Activity
63
Q

What are 4 types of feedback?

A

Feedback on Build and Tests
Feedback on Deployability
Feedback on Runtime Behavior
Feedback from the Customer

DASA DevOps Fundamentals course (1 decks)

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