Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

10 Psychology > EXAM: The Science of Psychology, Mental Health & What Makes Me Me > Flashcards

EXAM: The Science of Psychology, Mental Health & What Makes Me Me Flashcards

You may prefer our related Brainscape-certified flashcards:
Psychology 101 flashcards GRE® Psychology flashcards AP® Psychology flashcards
1
Q

Psychology

A

The scientific study of behaviour and mental processes

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Behaviours

A

Behaviours are any actions that are observable
eg. kicking, smiling, digging a hole

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Mental Process

A

Occurs within the brain and are not observable. Mental processes are either cognitive abilities or emotions
eg. feeling angry or happy

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Pseudoscience

A

Pseudosciences are considered to be a fake science as the study or claim is not backed with data or facts. This therefore means that conclusions are based on faulty and insuiffient evidence
eg. astrology/zodiacs

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Psychologist

A

They help reduce symptoms of mental health disorders through talking about solutions.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Psychiatrist

A

Medical doctors that help reduce symptoms of mental health disorders by prescribing medication

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Areas of Psychology

A
  1. Clinical Psychologist
  2. Neuropsychologist
  3. Community Psychologist
  4. Educational and Development Psychologist
  5. Counselling Psychologist
  6. Forensic Psychologist
  7. Health Psychologist
  8. Organisational Psychologist
  9. Sport Psychologist
  10. Academic and Research Psychologist
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Sport Psychologist

A

Helps athletes to develop mental skills to achieve peak performance

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Educational and Developmental Psychologist

A

Helps people with issues that affect learning or with life changes

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Forensic Psychologist

A

Works with people in legal and criminal justice settings

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Organisational Psychologist

A

Helps people in workplaces

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Counselling Psychologist

A

Helps people deal with all kinds of personal and relationship problems

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Clinical Neuropsychologist

A

Helps rehabilitate people with problems arising from brain damage or irregularities in brain function

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Community Psychologist

A

Works with individuals, community groyps and organisations to help imporve health and welfare of people in the community

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Health Psychologist

A

Promotes and maintains health-related behaviour, works on improving the healthcare system

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Clincal Psychologist

A

Focuses on the diagnosis and treatment of mental health problems and illnesses

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

Steps in the Scientific Method

A
  1. Identify the Research Topic
  2. Form a Hypothesis
  3. Design the Method
  4. Collect the Data
  5. Analyse the Data
  6. Interpret the Data
  7. Report the Research Findings
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

Independent Variable

A

The variable that is being manipulated

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

Dependent Variable

A

The effect of the change

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

Extraneous Variable

A

Anything other than the IV that can cause a change in the DV that is not controllable

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

Sample

A

A subset, or smaller group of research particpants selected from a larger group of research interest

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

Population

A

The whole group of research interest that the sample is taken from

23
Q

Research Methods

A
  • Experiment
  • Self Report (Questionnaire, Interview, Rating Scale)
  • Observational Study
  • Case Study
24
Q

Hypothesis

A
  • Population
  • Independent Variable
  • Dependent Variable
  • Comparison with control condition
25
Q

Control Group

A

Does not recieve the variable tested

26
Q

Experimental Group

A

Recieves the variable being tested

27
Q

Mental Health

A
  • The enjoyment of life
  • The ability to cope with stress
  • The fulfilment of goals and potential
  • A sense of connection to others
28
Q

Mental Health Problem

A
  • Moderate disruption to everyday functioning
  • Often resolved with time or when the stressor passes
  • Not formally diagnosed
29
Q

Mental Disorder

A
  • Significant Impairment to everday functioning
  • Chronic
  • Requires formal treatment
30
Q

Symptoms of Generalised Anxiety Disorder

A
  1. Emotional
  2. Cognitive
  3. Behavioural
  4. Physiological
31
Q

Causes of Generalised Anxiety Disorder

A
  1. Family History
  2. Cognition
  3. Ongoing stressful events
  4. Physical health problems
  5. Other mental health conditions
  6. Substance use
32
Q

Phobias

A

A persistent, irrational and intense fear of a particular object or event

33
Q

Symptoms of Phobias

A
  1. Physiological: dry mouth, increased heart rate
  2. Behavioural: avoidance
34
Q

Treatment for Phobias

A

Systematic Desnsitisation: a type of exposure where the client is taught relaxation and then encouraged to gradually progress through a hierarchy of feared situations while maintaining relaxaiton

35
Q

Symptoms of schizophrenia

A
  1. Delusions (unrealistic beliefs about themsleves and the world)
  2. Disorganised thoughts (thinking that becomes illogical and unreasonable)
  3. Hallucinations (involved hearing, seeing, touching, tasting or smelling things that don’t exist)
  4. Disorganised behaviours
36
Q

Symptoms of Depression

A
  1. Anhedonia: no longer enjoying things previously liked, lack of pleasure and enthusiasm
  2. Cognitive Symptoms: pessismistic/irrational thinking
  3. Psychomotor Symptoms: slow speech or movement, unable to concentrate
  4. Biological Symptoms
  5. Depressed Mood
37
Q

Symptoms of Obsessive Compulsive Disorder (OCD)

A
  1. Obsessions (the distressed thoughts and mental images that repeat over and over)
    eg. hoarding, colour coding
  2. Compulsions (behaviours people perform in order to try and eliminate the anxiety caused by obsessions)
    eg. cleaning uncontrollably
38
Q

Biopsychosocial Model

A

Biological: genetics, commorbidity, physical health
Psychological: cognition, beliefs, self-esteem
Social: social groups, school, work

38
Q

Biopsychosocial Model

A

Biological: genetics, commorbidity, physical health
Psychological: cognition, beliefs, self-esteem
Social: social groups, school, work

39
Q

Personality

A

An individual’s unique pattern of thoughts, feelings and behaviours that are relatively stable over time and across situations.

40
Q

Conscious

A

All the thoughts, feelings, memories and wishes of which we are aware at any given moment

41
Q

Preconscious

A

Things we could be aware of if we wanted to or tried

42
Q

Unconscious

A

A storage place for all our repressed experiences which are too emotionally painful for our conscious mind

43
Q

Id

A

Responsible for pleasure, seeking immediate satisfaction regardless of the rules

44
Q

Ego

A

Realistic, logical and oderly. The ego tries to ensure the needs of the id are met in a socially acceptable way

45
Q

Superego

A

Responsible for morals, always looking over us, judging out thoughts. The superego relates to our feelings of guilt and pride

46
Q

Extraversion

A

Relates to focusing attention outward on other people and the environment. An individual high in extraversion may be sociable and outgoing

47
Q

Introversion

A

Involves directing attention or inner experiences. A person high in introversion might be quiet and reserved.

48
Q

Neuroticism

A

Refers to an individuals tendency to become upset or emotional

49
Q

Emotional Stability

A

Refers to the tendency to remain emotionally constant

50
Q

Psychoticism

A

Tend to have difficulties dealing with reality and may be antisocial, hostile, non-empathetic, aggressive, impulsive and manipulative

51
Q

Categories of Risk Taking Behaviours

A
  • Thrillseeking: Behaviours that are challenging and socially acceptable
  • Reckless: These are dnagerous behaviours that have negative outcomes and usualyl not socially accepted
  • Rebellious: Experimenting that are usually acceptable for adults but not adolescents
  • Antisocial: Unacceptable Behaviours for adults AND adolescents
52
Q

Biological reasons why adolescents engage in risk taking behaviours

A

The prefrontal cortex, which is responsible for higher-order cognition (such as decision making and the ability to reason), is the last area of the brain to develop. This means that the sense of pleasure and gratification from the limbic system is higher in an adolescent compared to rational thinking from the frontal lobe, therefore resulting in them to more likely take and engage in risk taking behaviours

53
Q

Prosocial behaviour

A

Everyday acts of helping others that may involve personal cost to the helper

10 Psychology (1 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions