exam - skeletal system

Question 1

1-Anterior
2-Posterior
3-Superior
4-Inferior

Answer 1

1- front of the skeletal structure
2- back of the skeletal structure
3- top of the skeletal system, closer to the skull
4-bottom of the skeletal system, towards the feet

Question 2

functions of the skeleton

Answer 2

• protection of vital internal organs eg: brain,spinal cord, lungs
• support posture
• storage of foods: fuels, fats and minerals
• blood cell production

Question 3

spine curves

Answer 3

1. cervical - secondary
2. thoracic - primary
3. lumbar - secondary
4. sacral -primary

Question 4

types of joints

1. fixed
2. cartilaginous
3. synovial

Answer 4

1. no movement, eg: skull, pelvis, radicular & tibiofibular joints
2. slight movement, eg: ribs attaching to sternum, lumber vertebrae
3. freely movement, eg: hip & knee joints, cervical and thoracic vertebrae

Question 5

types of synovial joints

Answer 5

bi axial - gliding, saddle, condyloid
uniaxial - hinge, pivot
triaxial- ball and socket

Question 6

axials

Answer 6

uni - allowing movement in 1 plane (back and fourth)
bi- allowing movement in 2 planes (side to side , and back and forth)
tri- 3 planes

Question 7

unixial joints : pivot, hinge

Answer 7

hinge- flexion and extension, knee & elbow

pivot - only allows rotation, one bone around another, atlas and axis

Question 8

biaxial: gliding, saddle, condyloid

Answer 8

gliding - flat bones glide past each other, gliding movements, carpals/tarsals

saddle- when concave and convex bone surfaces align. adduction, abduction, flexion and extension, metacarpal of the joint of the thumb

condyloid- allows slight rotation, wrist

Question 9

triaxial: ball and socket

Answer 9

ball and socket - occurs where a rounded bone head articulates with a cup-shaped cavity, flexion, extension, adduction, abduction, internal/external rotation, shoulder/hip

Question 10

Flexion

Answer 10

a decrease in the angle of the joint

Question 11

Extension

Answer 11

an increase in the angle of the

joint

Question 12

Abduction

Answer 12

taking a body part away from the

midline

Question 13

Adduction

Answer 13

bringing a body part back to the

midline

Question 14

rotation

Answer 14

Rotation around the axis