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Exam Simulation Flashcards

1
Q

A user is attempting to navigate to a website from inside the company network using a desktop. When the user types in the URL, https://www.site.com, the user is presented with a certificate mismatch warning from the browser. The user does not receive a warning when visiting http://www.anothersite.com. Which of the following describes this attack?

A. On-path
B. Domain hijacking
C. DNS poisoning
D. Evil twin

A

C. DNS poisoning

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2
Q

Which of the following tools is effective in preventing a user from accessing unauthorized removable media?

A. USB data blocker
B. Faraday cage
C. Proximity reader
D. Cable lock

A

A. USB data blocker

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3
Q

A Chief Security Officer is looking for a solution that can provide increased scalability and flexibility for back-end infrastructure, allowing it to be updated and modified without disruption to services. The security architect would like the solution selected to reduce the back-end server resources and has highlighted that session persistence is not important for the applications running on the back-end servers. Which of the following would BEST meet the requirements?

A. Reverse proxy
B. Automated patch management
C. Snapshots
D. NIC teaming

A

A. Reverse proxy

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4
Q

Which of the following describes a social engineering technique that seeks to exploit a person’s sense of urgency?

A. A phishing email stating a cash settlement has been awarded but will expire soon
B. A smishing message stating a package is scheduled for pickup
C. A vishing call that requests a donation be made to a local charity
D. A SPIM notification claiming to be undercover law enforcement investigating a cybercrime

A

A. A phishing email stating a cash settlement has been awarded but will expire soon

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5
Q

A security analyst is reviewing application logs to determine the source of a breach and locates the following log: https://www.comptia.com/login.php?id=’%20or%20’1’1=’1
Which of the following has been observed?

A. DLL Injection
B. API attack
C. SQLi
D. XSS

A

C. SQLi

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6
Q

An audit identified PII being utilized in the development environment of a critical application. The Chief Privacy Officer (CPO) is adamant that this data must be removed; however, the developers are concerned that without real data they cannot perform functionality tests and search for specific data. Which of the following should a security professional implement to BEST satisfy both the CPO’s and the development team’s requirements?

A. Data anonymization
B. Data encryption
C. Data masking
D. Data tokenization

A

A. Data anonymization

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7
Q

A company is implementing a DLP solution on the file server. The file server has PII, financial information, and health information stored on it. Depending on what type of data that is hosted on the file server, the company wants different DLP rules assigned to the data. Which of the following should the company do to help accomplish this goal?

A. Classify the data.
B. Mask the data.
C. Assign the application owner.
D. Perform a risk analysis.

A

A. Classify the data.

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8
Q

A forensics investigator is examining a number of unauthorized payments that were reported on the company’s website. Some unusual log entries show users received an email for an unwanted mailing list and clicked on a link to attempt to unsubscribe. One of the users reported the email to the phishing team, and the forwarded email revealed the link to be:
<a>Click here to unsubscribe</a>
Which of the following will the forensics investigator MOST likely determine has occurred?

A. SQL injection
B. Broken authentication
C. XSS
D. XSRF

A

D. XSRF

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9
Q

A report delivered to the Chief Information Security Officer (CISO) shows that some user credentials could be exfiltrated. The report also indicates that users tend to choose the same credentials on different systems and applications. Which of the following policies should the CISO use to prevent someone from using the exfiltrated credentials?

A. MFA
B. Lockout
C. Time-based logins
D. Password history

A

A. MFA

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10
Q

A company wants to simplify the certificate management process. The company has a single domain with several dozen subdomains, all of which are publicly accessible on the internet. Which of the following BEST describes the type of certificate the company should implement?

A. Subject alternative name
B. Wildcard
C. Self-signed
D. Domain validation

A

B. Wildcard

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11
Q

Which of the following is an effective tool to stop or prevent the exfiltration of data from a network?

A. DLP
B. NIDS
C. TPM
D. FDE

A

A. DLP

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12
Q

Several attempts have been made to pick the door lock of a secure facility. As a result, the security engineer has been assigned to implement a stronger preventative access control. Which of the following would BEST complete the engineer’s assignment?

A. Replacing the traditional key with an RFID key
B. Installing and monitoring a camera facing the door
C. Setting motion-sensing lights to illuminate the door on activity
D. Surrounding the property with fencing and gates

A

A. Replacing the traditional key with an RFID key

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13
Q

Which of the following can be used by a monitoring tool to compare values and detect password leaks without providing the actual credentials?

A. Hashing
B. Tokenization
C. Masking
D. Encryption

A

A. Hashing

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14
Q

A security engineer is building a file transfer solution to send files to a business partner. The users would like to drop off the files in a specific directory and have the server send the file to the business partner. The connection to the business partner is over the internet and needs to be secure. Which of the following can be used?

A. S/MIME
B. LDAPS
C. SSH
D. SRTP

A

C. SSH

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15
Q

An administrator needs to protect user passwords and has been advised to hash the passwords. Which of the following BEST describes what the administrator is being advised to do?

A. Perform a mathematical operation on the passwords that will convert them into unique strings.
B. Add extra data to the passwords so their length is increased, making them harder to brute force.
C. Store all passwords in the system in a rainbow table that has a centralized location.
D. Enforce the use of one-time passwords that are changed for every login session.

A

A. Perform a mathematical operation on the passwords that will convert them into unique strings.

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16
Q

Which of the following would be indicative of a hidden audio file found inside of a piece of source code?

A. Steganography
B. Homomorphic encryption
C. Cipher suite
D. Blockchain

A

A. Steganography

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17
Q

A user enters a username and a password at the login screen for a web portal. A few seconds later the following message appears on the screen:
Please use a combination of numbers, special characters, and letters in the password field.
Which of the following concepts does this message describe?

A. Password complexity
B. Password reuse
C. Password history
D. Password age

A

A. Password complexity

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18
Q

A company recently experienced an inside attack using a corporate machine that resulted in data compromise. Analysis indicated an unauthorized change to the software circumvented technological protection measures. The analyst was tasked with determining the best method to ensure the integrity of the systems remains intact and local and remote boot attestation can take place. Which of the following would provide the BEST solution?

A. HIPS
B. FIM
C. TPM
D. DLP

A

C. TPM

In this question, an attack has already occurred so preventative measures such as HIPS, FIM, or DLP would not be helpful. Also, the analyst wants to check the integrity of the system, and boot attestation can take place. TPM chips have mechanisms to prevent system tampering and boot attestation can be done with TPM based hardware to verify the state of the firmware, bootloader, etc. TPM is the best option here.

=====================
Other Choices
HIPS (Host Intrustion Prevention System) - An installed software package which monitors a single host for suspicious activity by analyzing events occurring within that host. This aims to stop malware by monitoring the behavior of code.

FIM (File Integrity Monitoring) - Technology that monitors and detects file changes that could be indicative of a cyberattack. FIM specifically involves examining files to see if and when they change, how they change, who changed them, and what can be done to restore those files if those modifications are unauthorized.

DLP (Data Loss Prevention) - A set of tools and processes used to ensure that sensitive data is not lost, misused, or accessed by unauthorized users.

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19
Q

Which of the following is a reason to publish files’ hashes?

A. To validate the integrity of the files
B. To verify if the software was digitally signed
C. To use the hash as a software activation key
D. To use the hash as a decryption passphrase

A

A. To validate the integrity of the files

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20
Q

A security manager has tasked the security operations center with locating all web servers that respond to an unsecure protocol. Which of the following commands could an analyst run to find the requested servers?

A. nslookup 10.10.10.0
B. nmap -p 80 10.10.10.0/24
C. pathping 10.10.10.0 -p 80
D. ne -l -p 80

A

B. nmap -p 80 10.10.10.0/24

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21
Q

Which biometric error would allow an unauthorized user to access a system?

A. False acceptance
B. False entrance
C. False rejection
D. False denial

A

A. False acceptance

22
Q

A company is auditing the manner in which its European customers’ personal information is handled. Which of the following should the company consult?

A. GDPR
B. ISO
C. NIST
D. PCI DSS

A

A. GDPR

23
Q

Which of the following are common VoIP-associated vulnerabilities? (Choose two.)

A. SPIM
B. Vishing
C. Hopping
D. Phishing
E. Credential harvesting
F. Tailgating

A

A. SPIM
B. Vishing

24
Q

Which of the following describes the exploitation of an interactive process to gain access to restricted areas?

A. Persistence
B. Buffer overflow
C. Privilege escalation
D. Pharming

A

C. Privilege escalation

25
Q

An organization is planning to open other data centers to sustain operations in the event of a natural disaster. Which of the following considerations would BEST support the organization’s resiliency?

A. Geographic dispersal
B. Generator power
C. Fire suppression
D. Facility automation

A

A. Geographic dispersal

26
Q

A security engineer is deploying a new wireless network for a company. The company shares office space with multiple tenants. Which of the following should the engineer configure on the wireless network to ensure that confidential data is not exposed to unauthorized users?

A. EAP
B. TLS
C. HTTPS
D. AES

A

D. AES

27
Q

The Chief Compliance Officer from a bank has approved a background check policy for all new hires. Which of the following is the policy MOST likely protecting against?

A. Preventing any current employees’ siblings from working at the bank to prevent nepotism
B. Hiring an employee who has been convicted of theft to adhere to industry compliance
C. Filtering applicants who have added false information to resumes so they appear better qualified
D. Ensuring no new hires have worked at other banks that may be trying to steal customer information

A

B. Hiring an employee who has been convicted of theft to adhere to industry compliance

28
Q

An engineer recently deployed a group of 100 web servers in a cloud environment. Per the security policy, all web-server ports except 443 should be disabled.
Which of the following can be used to accomplish this task?

A. Application allow list
B. SWG
C. Host-based firewall
D. VPN

A

C. Host-based firewall

29
Q

A technician was dispatched to complete repairs on a server in a data center. While locating the server, the technician entered a restricted area without authorization. Which of the following security controls would BEST prevent this in the future?

A. Use appropriate signage to mark all areas.
B. Utilize cameras monitored by guards.
C. Implement access control vestibules.
D. Enforce escorts to monitor all visitors.

A

C. Implement access control vestibules.

30
Q

Which of the following would BEST provide a systems administrator with the ability to more efficiently identify systems and manage permissions and policies based on location, role, and service level?

A. Standard naming conventions
B. Domain services
C. Baseline configurations
D. Diagrams

A

A. Standard naming conventions

31
Q

Which of the following would detect intrusions at the perimeter of an airport?

A. Signage
B. Fencing
C. Motion sensors
D. Lighting
E. Bollards

A

C. Motion sensors

32
Q

A security analyst is concerned about critical vulnerabilities that have been detected on some applications running inside containers. Which of the following is the BEST remediation strategy?

A. Update the base container Image and redeploy the environment.
B. Include the containers in the regular patching schedule for servers.
C. Patch each running container individually and test the application.
D. Update the host in which the containers are running.

A

A. Update the base container Image and redeploy the environment.

33
Q

An organization has decided to purchase an insurance policy because a risk assessment determined that the cost to remediate the risk is greater than the five- year cost of the insurance policy. The organization is enabling risk:

A. avoidance.
B. acceptance.
C. mitigation.
D. transference.

A

B. acceptance.

34
Q

A security analyst receives an alert from the company’s SIEM that anomalous activity is coming from a local source IP address of 192.168.34.26. The Chief Information Security Officer asks the analyst to block the originating source. Several days later, another employee opens an internal ticket stating that vulnerability scans are no longer being performed properly. The IP address the employee provides is 192.168.34.26. Which of the following describes this type of alert?

A. True negative
B. True positive
C. False positive
D. False negative

A

C. False positive

35
Q

A security analyst wants to reference a standard to develop a risk management program. Which of the following is the BEST source for the analyst to use?

A. SSAE SOC 2
B. ISO 31000
C. NIST CSF
D. GDPR

A

B. ISO 31000

36
Q

The Chief Information Security Officer (CISO) requested a report on potential areas of improvement following a security incident. Which of the following incident response processes is the CISO requesting?

A. Lessons learned
B. Preparation
C. Detection
D. Containment
E. Root cause analysis

A

A. Lessons learned

37
Q

A company is providing security awareness training regarding the importance of not forwarding social media messages from unverified sources. Which of the following risks would this training help to prevent?

A. Hoaxes
B. SPIMs
C. Identity fraud
D. Credential harvesting

A

B. SPIMs

38
Q

A security analyst is receiving numerous alerts reporting that the response time of an internet-facing application has been degraded. However, the internal network performance was not degraded. Which of the following MOST likely explains this behavior?

A. DNS poisoning
B. MAC flooding
C. DDoS attack
D. ARP poisoning

A

C. DDoS attack

39
Q

Which of the following will increase cryptographic security?

A. High data entropy
B. Algorithms that require less computing power
C. Longer key longevity
D. Hashing

A

A. High data entropy

40
Q

Which of the following statements BEST describes zero-day exploits?

A. When a zero-day exploit is discovered, the system cannot be protected by any means.
B. Zero-day exploits have their own scoring category in CVSS.
C. A zero-day exploit is initially undetectable, and no patch for it exists.
D. Discovering zero-day exploits is always performed via bug bounty programs.

A

C. A zero-day exploit is initially undetectable, and no patch for it exists.

41
Q

A company wants to restrict emailing of PHI documents. The company is implementing a DLP solution. In order to restrict PHI documents, which of the following should be performed FIRST?

A. Retention
B. Governance
C. Classification
D. Change management

A

C. Classification

42
Q

A security analyst is investigating some users who are being redirected to a fake website that resembles www.comptia.org. The following output was found on the naming server of the organization:

Name | Type|Data
www|A|192.168.1.10
server1|A|10.10.10.10
server2|A|10.10.10.11
file|A|10.10.10.12

Which of the following attacks has taken place?
A. Domain reputation
B. Domain hijacking
C. Disassociation
D. DNS poisoning

A

D. DNS poisoning

43
Q

Which of the following describes the continuous delivery software development methodology?

A. Waterfall
B. Spiral
C. V-shaped
D. Agile

A

D. Agile

44
Q

Which of the following is the BEST example of a cost-effective physical control to enforce a USB removable media restriction policy?

A. Putting security/antitamper tape over USB ports, logging the port numbers, and regularly inspecting the ports
B. Implementing a GPO that will restrict access to authorized USB removable media and regularly verifying that it is enforced
C. Placing systems into locked, key-controlled containers with no access to the USB ports
D. Installing an endpoint agent to detect connectivity of USB and removable media

A

A. Putting security/antitamper tape over USB ports, logging the port numbers, and regularly inspecting the ports

45
Q

A company suspects that some corporate accounts were compromised. The number of suspicious logins from locations not recognized by the users is increasing.
Employees who travel need their accounts protected without the risk of blocking legitimate login requests that may be made over new sign-in properties. Which of the following security controls can be implemented?

A. Enforce MFA when an account request reaches a risk threshold.
B. Implement geofencing to only allow access from headquarters.
C. Enforce time-based login requests that align with business hours.
D. Shift the access control scheme to a discretionary access control.

A

A. Enforce MFA when an account request reaches a risk threshold.

46
Q

An organization wants to participate in threat intelligence information sharing with peer groups. Which of the following would MOST likely meet the organization’s requirement?

A. Perform OSINT investigations.
B. Subscribe to threat intelligence feeds.
C. Submit RFCs.
D. Implement a TAXII server.

A

D. Implement a TAXII server.

47
Q

Which of the following is the MOST effective control against zero-day vulnerabilities?

A. Network segmentation
B. Patch management
C. Intrusion prevention system
D. Multiple vulnerability scanners

A

A. Network segmentation

48
Q

Which of the following is the GREATEST security concern when outsourcing code development to third-party contractors for an internet-facing application?

A. Intellectual property theft
B. Elevated privileges
C. Unknown backdoor
D. Quality assurance

A

C. Unknown backdoor

49
Q

An organization has hired a red team to simulate attacks on its security posture. Which of the following will the blue team do after detecting an IoC?

A. Reimage the impacted workstations.
B. Activate runbooks for incident response.
C. Conduct forensics on the compromised system.
D. Conduct passive reconnaissance to gather information.

A

B. Activate runbooks for incident response.

50
Q

An amusement park is implementing a biometric system that validates customers’ fingerprints to ensure they are not sharing tickets. The park’s owner values customers above all and would prefer customers’ convenience over security. For this reason, which of the following features should the security team prioritize FIRST?

A. Low FAR
B. Low efficacy
C. Low FRR
D. Low CER

A

C. Low FRR

51
Q

Which of the following organizations sets frameworks and controls for optimal security configuration on systems?

A. ISO
B. GDPR
C. PCI DSS
D. NIST

A

D. NIST

52
Q

An organization discovered files with proprietary financial data have been deleted. The files have been recovered from backup, but every time the Chief Financial Officer logs in to the file server, the same files are deleted again. No other users are experiencing this issue. Which of the following types of malware is MOST likely causing this behavior?

A. Logic bomb
B. Cryptomalware
C. Spyware
D. Remote access Trojan

A

A. Logic bomb

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