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gi bleeding > Exam signs > Flashcards

Exam signs Flashcards

1
Q

Visible blood

A

Volume of blood loss, type of blood (for example fresh PR bleeding vs Maleana)

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2
Q

Stoma bag (+/- blood)

A

Recent surgery, cancer

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3
Q

Pallor

A

Significant bleed

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4
Q

Bruising

A

Patient may be on anticoagulation

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5
Q

Patient visibly in pain

A

Severity/source (epigastric tenderness is common in conditions like PUD/esophagitis)

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6
Q

Flapping tremor

A

Hepatic encephalopathy (Patients are usually unwell and confused by the time this sign becomes apparent)

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7
Q

Clubbing

A

Chronic liver disease, Coeliac Disease, Inflammatory Bowel Disease (IBD)

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8
Q

Leukonychia (white lines in image)

A

Hypoalbuminemia in liver disease

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9
Q

Koilonychia (spooning)

A

Chronic anaemia (long standing occult blood loss?)

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10
Q

Palmar erythema (red palms)

A

Hyperdynamic circulation due to increased oestrogen levels in liver disease. (Oestrogen is largely metabolised in the liver so reduced liver function increases circulating levels)

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11
Q

Sclerae

A

jaundice

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12
Q

Conjunctival pallor

A

anaemia re: bleeding

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13
Q

Glossitis/stomatitis

A

Iron/B12 deficiency

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14
Q

Aphthous ulcers

A

IBD

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15
Q

Inflamed virchows lymph node

A

(Gastric) malignancy

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16
Q

Spider naevi

A

Increased oestrogen (liver disease)

17
Q

Gynaecomastia and loss of axillary hair

A

Liver disease

18
Q

Ascite on abdomen

A

Liver disease

19
Q

Caput medusae

A

Swollen veins - sign of portal hypertension

20
Q

Left iliac fossa tenderness

A

Diverticulitis

21
Q

Hepatomegaly

A

Liver disease

22
Q

Ankle oedema

A

Hypoalbuminaemia secondary to liver disease

gi bleeding (2 decks)

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