exam sheet Flashcards
“All bills for raising revenue shall originate in the House of Representatives” - Article 1, Section 7, United States Constitution. The main reason the writers of the Constitution included this provision was to
give citizens more influence over taxation issues
“Congress Passes Alien and Sedition Acts’’ “Lincoln Suspends Habeas Corpus’’ “Wilson Signs 1918 Sedition Act”. These headlines show that the federal government can
restrict citizens’ rights in times of crisis
“Congress Passes Alien and Sedition Acts” “Lincoln Suspends Writ of Habeas Corpus” “Roosevelt Authorizes Internment of Japanese Americans on West Coast”. Which conclusion is best supported by these headlines?
Perceived threats to national security sometimes result in limits on civil liberties.
“President Wilson Represents the United States at Versailles” - “President Reagan Meets with Soviet President Gorbachev” - “President Carter Negotiates Camp David Accords” Each headline illustrates a time when the president of the United States acted as
chief diplomat
“Senate Rejects Supreme Court Nominee” “Supreme Court Declares National Recovery Act (NRA) Unconstitutional” “Congress Overrides Truman Veto of Taft-Hartley Act”. Each of these headlines illustrates the use of
checks and balances
There are two systems in the World nowadays: the Common Law and the (X) Law.
civil
When Christopher Columbus, the Genoese sailor sent by Isabella of Spain as a competitor of England to find a westward road to the Indies, found the islands of the Caribbean in 1492, he discovered the mainland and the Natives, called the (X) “Indians” as he supposed that the lands he had found were part of Asia.
Skraelings
If a man in Arizona is accused of killing his neighbour:
the State Courts have jurisdiction
Vermont and Maine are fighting over a piece of land:
the US Supreme Court has original jurisdiction
One mobile phone manufacturer files a money claim against a competitor for copying its product feature. On appeal :
the Federal Court of appeal (13th court) has jurisdiction
The state of Texas wishes to challenge the 2017 Congressional Environmental Protection Law. Which court has jurisdiction?
the US Supreme Court has jurisdiction
A man in Georgia is accused of smuggling drugs:
the State Courts have jurisdiction
An African-American complains of being discriminated against by his boss: STATE courts first (an individual matter), but could go before the (X) Court.
US Supreme
The US constitution may be invoked - (X) th Amendment against racial discrimination.
15
In the US, Civil procedure begins by a plaint or X.
complaint
Before a case can proceed, the court must determine whether the plaintiff has (X) o bring the suit.
a standing
Columbus’s discovery was followed by many attempts made by the Europeans — (X) kings, to explore and conquer new lands on the continent and the many voyages at sea (some of them may have been ended disastrously).
French, English or Spanish
In criminal cases, if the defendant is declared guilty by the jury, the next phase is (X).
sentencing hearing
Evidence can include testimony from witnesses and tangible items presented through witnesses. Every witness suffers Examination, Cross examination and (X).
Reexamination
After the defendant presents evidence, the parties
make (X) arguments.
closing
The number of jurors on a civil jury can be as few as five or as many as (X), depending on the court.
12
Sir Walter Raleigh, in 1585, decided to establish a colony to which he would later decide to give the name of (X) in honor of the Queen Elizabeth 1st (1558-1603).
Virginia
In most courts, including federal courts, the jury’s decision must be (X).
unanimous
When the verdict is delivered, the losing party may seek a (X) of the judgment.
reversal
Sometimes a party may appeal a court order or decision to a higher court during trial. Known as an (X) appeal.
interlocutory
The Marbury v. Madison (X) case established judicial review as the foundation of the constitutional system.
1803
The most important case of the XXth century is Brown v. Board of Education (1954),which (X) school segregation.
struckdown
The Mc Cullogh v. Maryland Case resolved the controversy between a strict construction or a broad construction of the “(X)” clause of the Constitution.
unnecessary and unproper
The “commerce clause” vests in the Congress “to regulate the commerce”. In the (X) v. Ogden case, the justice Marshall had a broad view of commerce, covering all economic intercourse.
Gibbons
The Granger Cases arose out of the abuse that accompanied the post Civil War growth of railroads, allowing the States to control the (X) of the transportation by train.
fares
During the early years of Franklin Delano Roosevelt, the US SC invalidated most of the (X) legislation, on the ground that manufacturing, mining and agriculture regulated by them were not within the “federal commerce power”.
New Deal
The National Labor Relations Board v. Jones & Laughlin Case(1937) was an important (X) and gave more power to the federal President.
change
Images of Indians have served for many books, plays, see (X) by William Shakespeare written in 1611, said to have been inspired by many tales of sea travels and wrecks, and the modern film adaptations
The Tempest
In the case United states v. (X), the USSC decided that the President must obey to the rules binding all over officials.
Nixon
The Baker Case overruled previous decisions of the USSC and decided that Federal courts are competent to hear cases challenging legislative (X) as contrary to equal protection.
apportionments
In the Charles River bridge, it was held that where the rights of private property conflict with those of the community, the latter should be (X).
paramount
How many states did not have to draft new constitutions, since they already had republican governments as part of their colonial charters?
two
An important fact about the Americans who wrote the first state constitutions was that they (X).
demanded written documents.
Most new state constitutions after The American Revolution (X)
included a Declaration of Rights
Which of the following was NOT typical of the post-revolutionary state constitutions?
that they claimed the people at large as the basis of political authority
“The Virginian” was the handiwork of (X)
James Madison
The US flag is also called:
The Stars and Stripes
The flag and ensign Proportion 10:19 was adopted June 14, (X) (original 13-star version) .
1777
The American adventure really began in Jacobean times. : in the Spring of 1607, three small ships loaded with a hundred men all dreaming of the milk and honey the new land was to offer them, landed on the eastern coast and founded (X).
Jamestown
The Design of the US FLAG is made of (X) horizontal stripes alternating red and white
13
in the (Y), 50 white stars of alternating numbers of six and five per row on a blue field.
canton
The 50 stars on the flag represent the 50 (X) of the USA.
states
The U.S. National Anthem is called the (X).
Stars spangled banner
The anthem was chosen in
1931
The music was written by British composer and early musicologist John Stafford (X) around 1773.
Smith
The lyrics come from ‘Defence of Fort Mc Henry’ a poem written by American (X) and amateur poet Francis Scott Key in 1814.
a lawyer
