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Hums_2024 > Exam - Semester 2 -2024 > Flashcards

Exam - Semester 2 -2024 Flashcards

1
Q
  1. What are MEDC and LEDC?
A

MEDC stands for More Economically Developed Country, while LEDC stands for Less Economically Developed Country, describing countries with different levels of wealth and development.

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2
Q
  1. What are push and pull factors?
A

Push factors make people want to leave a place (like war or lack of jobs), while pull factors attract people to a new place (like better education or safety).

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3
Q
  1. Why do people migrate?
A

People migrate for reasons like better job opportunities, escaping danger, or joining family in another place.

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4
Q
  1. What is the: death rate, birth rate, mortality rate, demographics?
A

The death rate is how many people die each year per 1,000 people; the birth rate is the number of births per 1,000 people; the mortality rate is similar but focuses on deaths by age or cause; demographics are data about populations, like age and gender.

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5
Q

What are some advantages and disadvantages of living in a city?

A

Cities offer jobs, education, and entertainment, but they can also have problems like pollution, traffic, and overcrowding.

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6
Q
  1. What is a megacity? What are some examples of megacities?
A

A megacity is a city with over 10 million people, like Tokyo, New York, or Mumbai.

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7
Q
  1. What are some opportunities and challenges that megacities face?
A

Megacities provide lots of jobs and services but struggle with housing shortages, pollution, and transportation issues.

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8
Q
  1. What is urbanisation? What are some challenges that urbanisation can cause?
A

Urbanisation is the growth of cities as people move there for opportunities, but it can cause problems like slums, traffic, and environmental damage.

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9
Q
  1. What was the Renaissance? When was it and how can the word Renaissance be defined?
A

The Renaissance was a time of great cultural, artistic, and scientific change in Europe from the 14th to 17th century, meaning “rebirth” of ideas from ancient Greece and Rome.

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10
Q
  1. Why did the Renaissance begin?
A

It began in Italy due to its wealthy city-states, trade connections, and rediscovery of ancient texts.

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11
Q
  1. What were the key physical and geographic features of Italy?
A

Italy had fertile plains, rivers, and coastal cities that made it a trade and cultural center.

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12
Q
  1. What was a city-state?
A

A city-state was a small independent area governed by a city, like Florence or Venice.

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13
Q
  1. What was the social structure in Renaissance Italy?
A

Society was divided into nobles, merchants, tradespeople, and peasants.

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14
Q
  1. Who were the Medicis?
A

The Medici family were wealthy bankers who supported art, science, and politics in Florence.

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15
Q
  1. What was significant about art and architecture during the Renaissance?
A

Art and architecture focused on humanism, realism, and classical styles.
a. Themes of art: Human emotions, religion, and nature.
b. Key artists: Leonardo da Vinci (Mona Lisa), Michelangelo (David).
c. Key developments: Perspective, oil paints, and realistic anatomy.

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16
Q
  1. What was the printing press? Why was it significant?
A

The printing press was a machine that made books quickly, spreading knowledge and ideas widely.

17
Q
  1. What were some examples of inventions developed during the Renaissance?
A

Inventions included the telescope, microscope, and mechanical clock, printing press.

18
Q
  1. What was humanism? What were its aims and beliefs?
A

Humanism focused on human potential, learning, and achievements, aiming to improve society and celebrate individuals.

19
Q
  1. Which key scientific and medical developments were created during the Renaissance?
A

Discoveries included the circulation of blood (Harvey) and the heliocentric theory (Copernicus).

20
Q
  1. Where did the Renaissance spread?
A

It spread across Europe to places like France, England, and Germany.

21
Q
  1. What is the legacy of the Renaissance on the modern world?
A

It influenced modern science, art, and ideas about human rights and learning.

22
Q
  1. What are the key physical and geographic features of Japan?
A

Japan is an island nation with mountains, forests, and limited farmland, surrounded by the Pacific Ocean.

23
Q
  1. What was feudalism?
A

Feudalism was a system where land was exchanged for loyalty and military service.

24
Q
  1. Which key groups made up the social structure of Japan? What were their roles/responsibilities?
A

The Emperor, Shogun, Daimyo, Samurai, farmers, artisans, and merchants all had roles, from ruling to producing food or goods.

25
Q
  1. What was the role of the Emperor? Key features?
A

The Emperor was a figurehead with symbolic power, seen as divine.

26
Q
  1. What was the role of the Shogun? Key features?
A

The Shogun was the military ruler who held real power in governing Japan.

27
Q
  1. What was the role of the samurai? Key features?
A

Samurai were warriors who followed the code of bushido and served their daimyo.

28
Q
  1. What was the experience of women in Shogunate Japan?
A

Women had limited rights, focusing on family and domestic roles, though some were samurai or leaders.

29
Q
  1. What were the key characteristics of Shintoism?
A

Shintoism focused on nature spirits, rituals, and harmony with the natural world.

30
Q
  1. What were the key characteristics of Buddhism?
A

Buddhism taught meditation, reincarnation, and escaping suffering through enlightenment.

31
Q
  1. What were the similarities and differences between Shintoism and Buddhism?
A

Both valued rituals and peace. Shintoism focused on spirits in nature while Buddhism focused on personal spiritual growth through the four noble truths.

32
Q
  1. What was the Warring States Period?
A

It was a time of chaos when daimyo fought for power before Japan was unified.

33
Q
  1. Who were the three unifiers?
A

Oda Nobunaga, Toyotomi Hideyoshi, and Tokugawa Ieyasu unified Japan after years of war.

34
Q
  1. How did Oda Nobunaga, Toyotomi Hideyoshi, and Tokugawa Ieyasu rise to and fall from power?
A

Nobunaga began unification but was betrayed; Hideyoshi continued it but left no strong heir; Ieyasu fully unified Japan and started the Tokugawa Shogunate.

35
Q
  1. How did Japan become isolated? Why was Japanese society isolated? What was the policy of isolation?
A

Japan isolated itself to stop foreign influence and control trade through the Sakoku policy.

36
Q
  1. What was the Meiji Restoration? What were some of the changes that emerged?
A

The Meiji Restoration was when Japan modernized its government, economy, and military to compete with the West.

37
Q
  1. What were some key political, economic, and social changes that Japan experienced after the Meiji Restoration?
A

Japan adopted a constitution, built factories, expanded education, and improved technology.

Hums_2024 (6 decks)

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