Exam Revision Terms

Question 1

Describe the function of the Router?

Answer 1

To connect two or more networks together for example connecting a LAN to a WAN. - Connecting a home network to Tesltra to retireve internet connection. (LAN to WAN)

Question 2

What layer of the OSI Model does a Router operate at?

Answer 2

Network Layer (Layer 3)

Question 3

What is the OSI Model?

Answer 3

The open systems interconnection model depicts 7 Layers that data is transferred between nodes on a network.

Question 4

Describe how a stack Works?

Answer 4

First-in, Last-out (FILO)

Question 5

Describe how a Queue Works?

Answer 5

First-in, First-out (FIFO)

Question 6

What is a differential backup?

Answer 6

A backup of all the files that have been modified or added since the last full backup.- Only need to restore two backups - full and differential- Therefore efficient restore

Question 7

What is an incremental backup?

Answer 7

A backup of all the files that have been modified or added since the last backup of any kind, not just the ful backup- Less efficient to restore- Can be setup daily - more efficient to perform

Question 8

Define constraints and provide examples

Answer 8

Constraints are factors that limit the efficiency or effectiveness of a solution
For example: 
- Cost
- Security / Privacy
- Speed of processing
- Legal forces / considerations
- User expertise
- Age of users
- Time
- Hardware / Software

Question 9

Identify the scope of a solution

Answer 9

The scope of the solution outlines what the solution is expected to do, as well as what t’s expected not to do (by stating the solution boundaries)

Question 10

List some design tools

Answer 10

Did you have these?- Data Dictionary- Data Structure Diagram- Flowchart- Algorithm- Object descriptions- Layout Diagrams- Mock-upsREMEMBER: Data Flow Diagrams and Use Case Diagrams aren’t design tools, but tools used in analysis

Question 11

Define the term evaluation criteria and at what stage of the

Answer 11

A measure that is used to judge wether or not the solution requirements have been met.- Evaluation criteria are created at the design stage

Question 12

Define Validation

Answer 12

Validation is the process of ensuring of ensuring the reasonableness of the user input

Question 13

Define Testing

Answer 13

Testing is the process of ensuring that the solution functions as intended through the use of test data.PROCESS- Determine test data- Conduct the test - Correct any identified errors

Question 14

Define Documentation

Answer 14

Documentation are written and/or electronic guides that support the efficiency and effectiveness of the solutions use, to both end-users and programmers.

Question 15

Define Strategy (Evaluation)

Answer 15

Determining a strategy to find out what extend the solution meets the required needs of it’s users.- Timeline (when to implement strategy)- Methods or techniques of acquiring evaluative data- Answer evaluation criteria

Question 16

Define Report (Evaluation)

Answer 16

Reporting on the extent to which the solution meets the requirements of the users.- Focuses on answering predetermined evaluation criteria with the data retrieved from the evaluation strategy

Question 17

Describe the key tasks associated with planning

Answer 17

• Identifying tasks, resources, people and time
  
  • Lists the tasks and subtasks that need to be done from start to finish.
  • WBS: Work Breakdown Structure
• Scheduling tasks, resources, people and time
  
  • Gantt charts are typically used to display the schedule of identified tasks
  • Allows the easy monitoring of identified tasks
• Monitoring tasks, resources, people and time
  
  • Milestones in a Gantt Chart are major progress landmarks and are used to evaluate wether a project is being completed in a timely manner.
• Evaluate the current solution
  
  • Allows the developer to easily look for inefficiencies and improve the planned solution

Question 18

State all of the layers of the OSI Model in order

Answer 18

Physical, Data Link, Network, Transport, Session, Presentation, Application

Question 19

Describe what is created when the physical layer is combined with the TCP/IP Protocol

Answer 19

When the physical layer of the OSI model is utilized with the TCP/IP Protocol the Network Interface layer is created. (Layer 1 of the TCP/IP Protocol Stack)

The network interface layer combines the OSI model’s physical and data link layer to route data between devices on the network.

Question 20

Discuss the types of data collection methods

Answer 20

-Interviews
Advantages:
- Accurate data is collected (effective when prepared)
Disadvantages:
- Can take a lot of time to prepare, organise and conduct the interview therefore it can be very inefficient in terms of time

• Surveys
  Advantages:
  - Provides reliable opinions from end-users therefore allows function and non-functional requirements to be identified.
  - Efficient in terms of time and effort when conducted online
  Disadvantages:
  - The accuracy and reliability of information is subject to bias / is not as effective as an interview
• Manual Observations
  Advantages:
  - Allows inefficiencies in the current system to be easily identified
  - First hand experience in the use of the current system - generate ideas to better yours
  Disadvantages:
  - Commonly subject to bias and can therefore provide inaccurate information.

Question 21

Define Functional Requirements

Answer 21

What the solution MUST do in order to function as intended. E.g: Generate a Report of Calculated Wages, Process Customer Orders Online.

Question 22

Define Non-Functional Requirements

Answer 22

Attributes or qualities that the solution may (should) have in order to increase efficiency and / or effectiveness.

• User-friendliness
• Reliability
• Portability
• Maintainability
• Security

Question 23

Outline 2 diagrams that are used in the Analysis Stage (commonly in the SRS)

Answer 23

Use Case Diagram:

Outlines each actors role or aim in the information system by linking them o jobs / actions known as use cases.