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Y10 Biology > EXAM Revision - Diet And digestion > Flashcards

EXAM Revision - Diet And digestion Flashcards

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AP® Biology flashcards Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q

List the five necessities of life

A

Food
Water
Warmth
Shelter
Energy

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2
Q

Why is food essential for life

A

Energy
Growth and Repair
Keeps us warm
Diseases

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3
Q

Word Equation for photosynthesis

A

Water + Carbon Dioxide __Light__> Glucose + Oxygen

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4
Q

Carbohydrate why you need it and where u find it

A

Energy, Bread potatoes fast release biscuits, sugar

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5
Q

Protein why you need it and where u find it

A

Growth and Repair, Eggs + Chicken

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6
Q

Fat why you need it and where u find it

A

Energy store, insulation, protection of vital organs,
Oily fish, butter, bacon

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7
Q

Water why you need it and where u find it

A

Transport medium component of cytoplasm & used in chemical reactions
Most foods except dry foods

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8
Q

Vitamin C why you need it and where u find it

A

Healthy teeth and gums, keeps blood vessels strong, prevents scurvy
Citrus fruit

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9
Q

Vitamin D
why you need it and where u find it

A

Essential for normal growth, development of teeth and bones

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10
Q

Calcium why you need it and where u find it

A

Healthy teeth n bones ( prevents osteoporosis ) dairy products

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11
Q

Iron why you need it and where u find it

A

To make Haemoglobin red blood cells ( haemoglobin transports oxygen around the body ) Red meat green leafy veg

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12
Q

What is malnutrition

A

Lack of a balanced diet

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13
Q

What is starvation

A

Lack of food

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14
Q

Type of tooth used for biting and number

A

Incisor, 8

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15
Q

Type of tooth used for tearing, and number

A

Canine, 4

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16
Q

Premolar is used for

A

Partly biting partly chewing there is 8

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17
Q

Molar is used for

A

Chewing, 8+4 wisdom teeth

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18
Q

Molar may have 3 roots in upper jaw 2 in lower

A
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19
Q

Why is there a pore

A

Blood vessles and nerve fibres

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20
Q

What are the two types of dental disease

A

Gum disease and tooth decay

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21
Q

Describe the process of tooth decay

A

Sugar turned to acid by plaque this accid causes corrosion of enamel

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22
Q

How do u prevent tooth decay

A

Reduce sugar intake
Strengthen teeth
Remove bacteria

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23
Q

Is a horse a herbivore carnival or omnivore

A

Herbivore

24
Q

Is a pig a herbivore carnivore or omnivore

A

Omnivore

25
Q

Is a dog a herbivore a carnivore or omnivore

A

Carnivore

26
Q

Horse teeth adaptations

A

Many incisors to clip grass, very large molars no canines

27
Q

Pig teeth adaptations

A

All types of teeth to perform many functions

28
Q

Dog teeth adaptations

A

Many canine teeth to tear meet and sharp molars

29
Q

Label the digestive system Pg 8

A

Label the digestive system Pg 8

30
Q

What is digestion

A

The basic function of digestive system is breaking down large insoluble food molecules into small soluble molecules are absorbed into your bloodstream and carried around your body

31
Q

What are the two types of digestion

A

Physical and chemical

32
Q

What is physical digestion

A

Physically break down food into smaller pieces (e.g. chewing) by teeth and contractions of the stomach increases surface area of food available to enzymes

33
Q

What is chemical digestion

A

Digestive enzymes break large food molecules into smaller simpler molecules

34
Q

Food travels through the digestive system from mouth to anus by a term called what

A

Peristalsis

35
Q

food moves along the digestive system by a term called

A

Peristalsis

36
Q

Read about peristalsis pg 9

A
37
Q

What is the mouth purpose in digestive system

A

Physically digested by teeth to increase surface area available for enzymes to work on
Chemically digested by an enzyme called amylase

38
Q

What does amylase mean

A

Break down starch

39
Q

Osopheagus purpose digestive system

A

Peristalsis

40
Q

Stomach purpose digestive system

A

Gastric juice is released containing

Enzyme to break down protein
Hydrochloric acid affiliates the enzyme it also kills

41
Q

Small intestine purpose

A

Digestion is completed by enzymes
Products of digestion are absorbed into bloodstream

42
Q

Large intestine purpose

A

Absorbes water
Moves faeces along to the rectum

43
Q

In the mouth what is added to food (think)

A

Saliva

44
Q

What does saliva do

A

Break down starch into smaller molecules

45
Q

After food has been eaten it passed down the oesophagus into the

A

Stomach

46
Q

What is added to food in the stomach and what does it do

A

Enzymes digest protein

47
Q

Any undigested food passes onto the

A

Large intestine where water is absorbed from it before leaving the body

48
Q

What is the name of the bacterium ulcers can be caused by

A

Helicobacer, Pylori

49
Q

In what two parts of the digestive system do ulcers occur

A

Stomach, Small intestine

50
Q

What can ulcers be treated with,

A

Antibiotics

51
Q

In what percentage of the stomach are bacterias found

A

50%

52
Q

What percentage of cases do the bacteria trigger ulcers

A

10-15%

53
Q

How does bacteria cause ulcers

A

You produce extra acid

54
Q

Red blood cells function
and structure

A

Transport of o2
Small flexible bionconcave discs no caucleus

55
Q

White blood cells structure and function

A

Attack microbes
Cell of any shape with nucleus

56
Q

Platelets function
and structure

A

Cell fragments broken off other cells
Blood clots + Stop bleeding + prevent microbe entry

57
Q

Plasma structure and function

A

Transport of cells
Glucose
Waste
Hormones

Straw coloured liquid

Y10 Biology (3 decks)

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