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Nat 5 Chemistry > Exam Revision > Flashcards

Exam Revision Flashcards

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1
Q

What increases the rate of a reaction

A 
Increased temperature 
Increased concentration 
Increased surface area 
Decreased particle size 
Using a catalyst
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2
Q

What are the seven diatomic molecules

A 
H
N
F
O
I
Cl
Br
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3
Q

What kind of elements form covalent bonds

A

Non metals

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4
Q

What’s the nuclide notation used for

A

Showing the atomic number, mass number and charge of atoms

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5
Q

In which places do covalent molecules have strong and weak bonds and attractions

A

Strong bonds within molecules and weak attractions between molecules

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6
Q

Describe the solubility of covalent molecular

A

Insoluble in water but may dissolve in other solvents

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7
Q

Describe the solubility of covalent network

A

Do not dissolve

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8
Q

What is an ionic bond

A

The electrostatic force of attraction between a positively charged metal ion and a negatively charged non metal ion

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9
Q

Describe the solubility of ionic compounds

A

Soluble in water

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10
Q

When does an ionic compound conduct

A

When molten or in a solution (Crystal lattice has been broken)

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11
Q

Why can ions conduct

A

Because of the delocalised ions they are free to move towards oppositely charged electrodes

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12
Q

What does (-ite) and (-ate) mean

A

Oxygen is present

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13
Q

What do the Roman numerals indicate

A

The valency of the element

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14
Q

What is a group ion

A

Ions containing more than one atom type

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15
Q

What is formed when a solute dissolves in water

A

A solution

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16
Q

What do soluble metal oxides form when dissolved in water

A

Acidic solutions

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17
Q

What to soluble metal oxides form when dissolved in water

A

Alkaline solutions

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18
Q

Metal oxide + water -> ?

A

Metal hydroxide

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19
Q

Base + acid -> ?

A

Salt + water

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20
Q

Metal carbonate + acid -> ?

A

Salt + water + carbon dioxide

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21
Q

What are spectator ions

A

Ions that do not take part in the chemical reaction

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22
Q

What does an acid-base titration determine? And how?

A

The concentration of the acid or base by accurately measuring the volumes used in the neutralisation reaction. Indicator can be used to show the end point of the reaction.

23
Q

How are titrations used to produce an uncontaminated salt solution?

A

After the titration when the volumes of both acid and alkali have been noted the titration can be repeated to produce the uncontaminated salt solution which can be evaporated to dryness

24
Q

What is a homologous series

A

A family of compounds with similar chemical properties that can be represented by a general formula

25
Q

State the properties of Alkanes, some uses and the general formula

A

saturated ; insoluble in water
Fuels
Cn H2n+2

26
Q

State the properties of Cycloalkanes, some uses and the general formula

A

Saturated ; insoluble in water
Fuels ; solvents
Cn H2n

27
Q

State the properties of alkenes, some uses and the general formula

A

Unsaturated ; insoluble in water ; C=C functional group
Polymers ; alcohols
Cn H2n

28
Q

Alkene + hydrogen -> ?

A

Alkane

29
Q

Alkene + halogen (group 7) -> ?

A

Dihaloalkanes

30
Q

Alkene + water -> ?

A

Alcohols [hydration reaction]

31
Q

State the properties of Alcohols, some uses and the general formula

A

Saturated ; as size increases solubility decreases ; (-OH) hydroxyl
Fuels ; solvents
Cn H2n+1OH

32
Q

State the properties of carboxylic acids, some uses and the general formula

A

As size increases solubility decreases ; as size increases melting and boiling point increase due to the strength of the inter molecular forces ; (-COOH)
Perservatives ; soaps ; medicines
Cn H2n+1COOH

33
Q

What name is given to an experiment where heat energy is released

A

Exothermic

34
Q

The name is given to an experiment when heat energy is taken in

A

Endothermic

35
Q

[Combustion]

Hydrocarbon (or alcohol) + O2 -> ? + ?

A

Carbon dioxide + energy

36
Q

What is produced when incomplete combustion occurs

A

Carbon monoxide

37
Q

What is metallic bonding

A

The electrostatic force of the attraction between positively charged ions bs delocalised electrons

38
Q

Metal + oxygen -> ?

A

Metal oxide

39
Q

Metal + water -> ? + ?

A

Metal hydroxide + hydrogen

40
Q

Metal + dilute acid -> ? + ?

A

Salt + hydrogen

41
Q

What is electrolysis

A

The decomposition of n ionic compound to its elements using electricity

42
Q

Is the products of electrolysis are yet to be identified what power supply is to be used

A

A d.c. supply

43
Q

What is an ion bridge used for?

A

To link the half cells. Ions can move across the bridge to complete an electrical circuit

44
Q

What is a polymer

A

A long chain of molecules formed bu joining together a large number of small molecules called monomers

45
Q

What is addition polymerisation

A

When unsaturated monomers are joined forming a polymer

46
Q

What elements are required for plant growth

A

Nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium

47
Q

Describe ammonia

A

A pungent, clear, colourless gas when dissolved in water produces an alkaline solution

48
Q

Ammonia + acid -> ? + ?

A

Ammonium salt + water

49
Q

Give the Haber process word equation

A

N2 + 3H2 -> 2NH3 (this reaction is reversible)

50
Q

What catalyst is used in the Haber process

A

Iron

51
Q

What catalyst is used in the Ostwald process

A

Platinum

52
Q

Give a word equation for the Ostwald process

A

NH3 + O2 + H2O -> HNO3

53
Q

What is the end product of the Haber process

A

Ammonia

54
Q

What is the end product of the Ostwald process

A

Nitric acid

Nat 5 Chemistry (1 decks)

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