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IFRE Block 2 Exam Review > Exam Review Deck > Flashcards

Exam Review Deck Flashcards

1
Q

TC AIM RACA 2.8.1 > Class A Airspace

Class A Airspace is designated where an operational need exists to exclude VFR traffic.

All operations must be conducted under IFR and are subject to ATC clearances and instructions. ATC separation is provided to all aircraft.

All aircraft operation in Class A airspace must be equipped with…

A

…a transponder and automatic pressure altitude reporting equipment, including ADS-B, as detailed in section 551.103 of the Airworthiness Manual Chapter 55a - Aircraft Equipment and Installation.

Class A airspace will be designated from the base of all high-level controlled airspace or from 700 ft. AGL, whichever is higher, up to and including FL600.

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2
Q

Parallels of Latitude are lines parallel to the equator. They represent an angular distance from the equator, measured in degrees from the centre of the Earth.

The equator is…

A

…0-degrees latitude, and all other latitudes are described as north or south of the equator. Therefore the maximum value for latitude is 90-degrees at either pole.

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3
Q

Meridians of Longitude circumscribe the Earth, passing through both the north and south poles. They are measured in degrees from the centre of the Earth, but in the…

A

…horizontal plane. Longitude is expressed in as east or west of the Prime Meridian (0-degrees longitude), up to a maximum of 180-degrees.

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4
Q

Longitude

Distances between lines of longitude are…

A

…not equal, they are closer together at the poles and furthest at the equator.

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5
Q

Latitude

Lines of latitude are always…

A

…the same distance. One minute of latitude = 1 nautical mile, one degree = 60 nautical miles.

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6
Q

Two most common ways to record latitude and longitude:

A
  1. Degrees, minutes and seconds
  2. Degrees and decimal degrees
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7
Q

Separation from Special Use Airspace

Apply vertical separation from the upper limit of a CYA as indicated in the tables below:

A

IFR or CVFR

Minimum: 500 ft

Minimum if Wake Turbulence Sep is Required: 1000ft

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8
Q

Special Use Airspace Separation

Apply vertical separation from the lower limit of a CYA as indicated in the tables below:

A

LOWER LIMIT IS DEFINED AS A FLIGHT LEVEL:

IFR, At of Above 18,000ft ASL, all altimeter settings, minimum: 500 ft, wake turb: 1000ft

IFR/CVFR below 18,000ft ASL:

Alt. 29.92+ - minimum: 500 ft, wake turb: 1000ft
Alt. 29.91-28.92 - minimum: 1500ft, wake turb: 2000ft
Alt. 28.91 - 27.92 - minimum: 2500ft, wake turb: 3000ft
Alt. 27.91 or lower - minimum: 3500ft, wake turb: 4000ft

VFR, all altitudes, all altimeter - aircraft may enter CYA

LOWER LIMIT IS DEFINED AS AN ALTITUDE:

IFR/CVFR, minimum: 500ft, wake turb: 1000ft

VFR: Aircraft may enter

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9
Q

Separation from Special Use Airspace

Do not apply separation between an aircraft and Class F airspace or a Canadian Military Operations Area (MOA) if one of the following applies:

A
  • the aircraft is operating at an ALTRV
  • the pilot states having obtained permission from the user agency
  • the user agency release the airspace to the controlling agency
  • the pilot has been cleared for a contact of visual approach
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10
Q

Separation from Special Use Airspace

If not using ATS surveillance, ensure the protected airspace for the IFR or CVFR aircraft does not overlap the CYA.

If using ATS surveillance ensure direct communications using VHF/UHF voice, and refer to the below:

A

IFR/CVFR

Does not include DND-NWS: no part of the PPS enters or touches

Is or includes DND-NWS: 5 miles

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11
Q

CSiT Display

Display and Monitor:

A
  • Unlinked Targets
  • CJSs (VFR CJS display is optional at IFR positions)
  • Coast list in full format showing all pertinent information (to enable prompt detection of newly de-linked aircraft)
  • Altitude readouts (Mode C)
  • Current weather data and history, as necessary, for the provision of severe weather information
  • VMI
  • Appropriate geographic map
  • Other features of the system may be used at your discretion
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12
Q

Situation Display

When using a CSiT display, ensure the following settings are applied:

A
  • PPS Brightness is at least one level higher than other elements on the display
  • Data tags include minima as indicated:

Alpha Tags:

ACID
Wake Turbulence Category
SFI
Altitude Readout
VMI
Ground Speed

Bravo Tags:

CJS
Altitude
VMI

VFR:

Altitude
VMI

Unlinked:

Altitude
VMI

When using inset windows, ensure they are:

  • Placed outside sector boundaries or in areas where they do not obstruct jurisdictional traffic.
  • Not used for ATS surveillance separation purposes
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13
Q

Danger and Restricted Areas may see the following types of activity:

A
  • High speed military exercises
  • Intercept Operations
  • Naval Activity
  • Live Firing
  • Fisheries Patrol
  • Drug Patrol
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14
Q

In Advisory areas, the following codes can be used to describe the activity taking place within the area:

(A)
(F)
(H)
(M)
(P)
(S)
(T)

What are they?

A

(A) - Acrobatic
(F) - aircraft test
(H) - Hang gliding
(M) - Military
(P) - Parachuting
(S) - Soaring
(T) - Training

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15
Q

Flight Data Coordination > IFR Unit to IFR Unit

Forward the following to an IFR unit or sector:

A
  • Revisions to previously passed data
  • Control estimate time revisions of 3 minutes or more

(This may be accomplished electronically)

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16
Q

Glossary > Same Track

In the application of separation, an expression used by ATC to indicate…

A

…identical tracks or tracks the converge or diverge at an angle of 1-degree to 44-degrees inclusive.

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17
Q

Glossary > Reciprocal Track

In the application of separation, a term used to indicate tracks that…

A

…converge or diverge at an angle of 136-degrees to 180-degrees inclusive.

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18
Q

Glossary > Crossing Track

In the application of separation, a term used to indicate tracks that…

A

…converge or diverge at an angle of 45-degrees to 135-degrees inclusive.

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19
Q

Verbal Handoff

If unable to do an automated handoff, transfer identification using one of the following methods:

A

Inform the receiving sector or unit of:
-The position of the PPS relative to a point common to both situation displays or to a previously transferred aircraft that is identified
-The aircraft identification or ADS-B Flight ID or, if unlinked, the SSR code
-Other control information if required

Provide a secure sequence of arriving aircraft as specified in an arrangement
- When transferring to an FSS, the predetermined sequence is in relation to a fix as specified in the arrangement.
-When transferring to a tower, the predetermined sequence is in relation to a control transfer point within the control zone.

Physically point to the PPS on the situation displays of the receiving controller.

20
Q

Coordinate the following verbally during a handoff:

A

Aircraft’s altitude if in doubt

Wrong-way altitudes

Aircraft’s that are negative RVSM

Inform the transferring controller when you have identified the aircraft

21
Q

Coordination

Where a CAATS data link provides control estimates, coordinate the following data verbally:

A
  • Loss of RVSM certification due to an equipment failure
  • Status of a non-RVSM aircraft authorized to operate in RVSM airspace
  • Identification of an altitude as wrong way
  • Identification of Block Altitudes
  • Identification of altitude readouts that are invalid or not validated
  • Identification of cruise climb altitudes
  • Automatic altitude reporting turned off
  • Aircraft transponder unserviceable, malfunctioning, set to standby, or turned off
  • The separation minima being applied in procedural airspace if less than 10-minutes longitudinal
  • Aircraft operating within an altitude reservation or engaged in an aerial survey mapping flight, or test flight
  • Aircraft engaged in a formation flight

(The amount of time required or specific location at which verbal coordination must be performed maybe specified in an arrangement, agreement, or local procedures)

22
Q

Identification methods

You may use any of the following methods to identify an aircraft:

A
  • Identification by handoff or point-out
  • Appropriate PPS changes
  • Flight Identification in ADS-B Data Tag
  • Aircraft Position and movements on situational display
  • Data tag ACID in adjacent airspace
23
Q

Handoff Phraseology

A
  1. state the next sector, your sector and HANDOFF
  2. State aircraft location (three-zero miles north Humboldt VOR, WJA123 FL310)
24
Q

Point outs

When do we provide point outs?

A

Each unit must provide point-outs to the other on identified traffic operating within 2.5 NM of the common boundary.

(Martin ACC SOM)

25
Q

Separation from an ATS Surveillance Boundary

Unless you coordinate with the controller concerned, separate an ATS surveillance-controlled aircraft from the boundary of adjoining ATS surveillance airspace. If an adjacent sector applies larger ATS surveillance minimum than your sector, apply additional separation from the sector boundary to ensure that aircraft are separated by at least the ATS surveillance separation minimum applied in that sector:

A

If both sectors apply 3-mile separation, maintain a 1.5-mile separation minimum from the common boundary

If either sector applies a 5-mile separation, maintain a 2.5-mile separation minimum from the common boundary

If either sector applies a 10-mile separation, maintain a 5-mile separation minimum from the common boundary

26
Q

RVSM

If operation in RVSM airspace is authorized for a non-RVSM aircraft…

A

Identify the status of the aircraft when passing and receiving a control estimate.

27
Q

State Aircraft

A

Any aircraft used for military, customs, police or other law enforcement.

EXEMPT FROM REQUIREMENT TO BE RVSM APPROVED.

28
Q

RVSM

Do not clear a non-RVSM aircraft to enter RVSM airspace unless the aircraft is any of the following:

A
  • A state aircraft
  • On an initial delivery flight
  • An aircraft that was formerly RVSM-certified but has experienced an equipment failure and is being flown to a maintenance facility for repair/re-certification
  • A mercy or humanitarian flight
    (Flights requesting medical priority are considered to be a mercy or humanitarian flight)
  • A photographic survey aircraft
    (Authorization applies to the surveying or mapping areas and not to the flight to/from the areas)
  • Conduction a flight check of a NAVAID
    (Authorization applies to the flight-checks ops and not the flight to/from flight checks)
  • Conducting a monitoring/certification or developmental flight
29
Q

Assigning Altitudes

When assigning altitudes to IFR or VFR aircraft, consider the elevation of the aerodrome and surrounding area.

A

Assign altitudes and flight levels as indicated in Assignable Altitudes and Flight Levels.

Ie. FL 420 is not assignable as FL410 and above changes to 2000ft of separation.

30
Q

Amending Clearances or Instructions

If a pilot requests a flight plan change:

A
  • Approve the change and include the exact nature of the change in the clearance
  • If you are unable to approve the change, provide the following to the pilot:
    — The reason for non-approval
    — If appropriate, a suggested alternative
31
Q

Amending a Route

You may amend the route provided in a previous clearance by doing one of the following:

A
  • State the route amendment and, if applicable, that the rest of the route is unchanged.
  • Issue the entire route.
32
Q

Wrong-Way Altitude Assignment

You may assign an altitude inappropriate for the direction of flight in the following situations:

A

An aircraft is doing any of the following:

  • Holding
  • Arriving
  • Departing
  • Conducting a flight check of a NAVAID
  • Operating within an altitude reservation
  • Engaged in an aerial survey, mapping flight or flight test
  • Operating on a polar route
  • Transitioning to or from oceanic airspace within 200 miles along the aircraft track from the oceanic entry or exit point
33
Q

TC AIM - Mach Number

Clearances to turbojet aircraft equipped with a Machmeter may include an appropriate Mach number. If the Mach number cannot be adhered to, ATC is to be informed when the clearance is issued. Once accepted, the Mach number shall be adhered to within…

A

…0.01 Mach, unless ATC approval is obtained to make a change. If an immediate temporary change in Mach number is necessary (e.g because of turbulence), ATC must be notified as soon as possible. When a Mach number is included in a clearance, the flight concerned should transmit its current Mach number with each position report.

34
Q

TERMINAV - Flight Profile

A

Trajectory or its graphic representation, followed by an aircraft in flight and defined by its altitude, speed, distance flown and manoeuvre.

35
Q

When does CAATS start building the profile of the aircraft?

A

Once CAATS has flight plan information, it creates a flight profile.

CAATS uses flight plan, aircraft state, performance and wind data.

36
Q

What is the flight profile based on?

A

CAATS bases the flight profile on filed flight-planned altitude, true air speed, and route, wind information and the manufacturers aircraft performance model.

37
Q

What to consider when sending an aircraft direct?

A
  • Potential traffic on or off your situation display
  • Need for prior coordination for a sector
  • If a CYR is active
  • Capability of the aircraft to fly direct to the point to be cleared
  • Potential benefit to the controller and/or the aircraft
38
Q

Advantages of sending an aircraft on a direct route?

A
  • Avoid known weather situations
  • Reduced fuel burn due to shorter distance flown
  • Take advantage of aircraft navigational capability
  • Conflict Resolution
  • Providing better service
39
Q

Vectoring Termination

You may terminate vectoring of an aircraft, provided any of the following apply to the aircraft:

A
  • It is cleared for an approach
  • It is cleared to hold
  • It is established on a cleared route without requiring navigation assistance

Inform the pilot of:

  • Termination of vectoring, except when the aircraft has been cleared for an approach
  • Position of the aircraft when vectoring is terminated, unless you known the pilot has the information

When an aircraft has been vectored off its cleared route, clear the aircraft to the next waypoint or fix on its route of flight, or vector the aircraft back to a point on its original route.

40
Q

MATS GLOSSARY

ATS Surveillance Control Service

ATS Surveillance Separation

ATS Surveillance Advisory

ATS Surveillance Monitoring

A

ATS Surveillance Control Service - An air traffic control service provided with information derived from ATS surveillance equipment sources

ATS Surveillance Separation - Spacing of aircraft in accordance with established minima, based on information derived from ATS surveillance

ATS Surveillance Advisory - Advice and information based on ATS surveillance observations

ATS Surveillance Monitoring - The use of ATS surveillance for providing aircraft with information and advice relative to significant deviations from their normal flight path

41
Q

Navigational Assistance

A

The provision of position information, vectors, or track and ground speed checks.

42
Q

ATS Surveillance Service

You may apply ATS Surveillance control procedures, provided:

A
  • The aircraft is identified
  • The aircraft is in controlled airspace, except as described in vectoring into Class G airspace
  • You are in direct communication with the pilot, unless:
    — The aircraft has been cleared for an approach
    — You have transferred communication to the tower
  • You are satisfied that the displayed ATS surveillance information is adequate
43
Q

Vectoring into Class G Airspace

A

You may vector an aircraft into Class G airspace provided you inform the pilot and obtain the pilots approval.

44
Q

ATS Surveillance Sevice

Use an ATS surveillance control procedure in preference to…

A

…a procedural control procedure unless you or the pilot gain an operational advantage.

45
Q

Control Service

Issue clearances and instructions as necessary to…

A

…maintain a safe, orderly, and expeditious flow of traffic under the control of your unit.

46
Q

Separation Basics

Separate aircraft consistently according to these fundamentals of safe, orderly and expeditious control:

A
  • Planning: determine the appropriate separation minimum required
  • Executing: implement the selected standard
  • Monitoring: ensure that the planned and executed separation is maintained
47
Q

Separation Basics

To ensure an expeditious flow of traffic, operate as closely to…

A

…the prescribed minimum as circumstances permit. If exceptional circumstances call for extra caution, apply greater separation than the specified minimum.

IFRE Block 2 Exam Review (1 decks)

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