Exam Review 9/4 PPT1

Question 1

The Bohr’s model of the atom features?

Answer 1

Electrons orbiting the nucleus in orbital shells

Question 2

Formula associated with Bohr model

Answer 2

2n^2

Question 3

Z is?
What is in it?

Answer 3

Atomic number
# of p+

Question 4

A is?
What is in it?

Answer 4

Atomic mass number
# of nucleons (neutrons + p+)

Question 5

Isotopes - same ___ or same # of ___

Answer 5

Z (atomic number), protons

Question 6

Isotones = same number of ___, different ___

Answer 6

nuetrons, Z (atomic number)/protons

Question 7

Isobars - = same ___, different ___

Answer 7

A (mass number), Z (atomic number)/protons

Question 8

Isomers - same A & Z, but ___

Answer 8

metastable (diff nuclear states)

Question 9

Difference of the mass of an
element versus the mass of all subatomic particles in that particular atom is the definition for?

Answer 9

Mass Defect

Question 10

Can use ___ to find binding energy.

Answer 10

Mass defect

Question 11

This graph shows?
Too many protons make the nucleus unstable. What is the rule of thumb?

Answer 11

Heavier atoms are less stable bc they have more neutrons and less protons.
About 1.4 Neutrons for 1 Proton

Question 12

Which type of decay occurs more with heavier elements?

Answer 12

Alpha

Question 13

What is the following nuclear reaction?
Combination of two lighter nuclei

Answer 13

Fusion

Question 14

What is the following nuclear reaction?
Nucleus with atomic number >56 splits into two smaller nuclei and energy is released

Answer 14

Fission

Question 15

PPT1 Slide 23

Question 16

Rest mass for e-

Answer 16

0.511Mev

Question 17

1 J/kg = __ Rads = __ Gy

Answer 17

100, 1

Question 18

1 Gy = __ cGy

Answer 18

100

Question 19

1cGy = __ rad = __ Gy

Answer 19

1, 0.01

Question 20

Which mode is used in PET?

Answer 20

Postron emission

Question 21

1 Bq = ?

Answer 21

1 disintegration per sec

Question 22

Which of the following is favored for heavier elements?
* Alpha (α)
* Beta (β-) or Negatron
* Beta (β+) or Positron
* Electron Capture
* Internal Conversion

Answer 22

α

Question 23

Which of the following is favored for PET?
* Alpha (α)
* Beta (β-) or Negatron
* Beta (β+) or Positron
* Electron Capture
* Internal Conversion

Answer 23

β+

Question 24

Which is dominant for neutron to proton?
* Alpha (α)
* Beta (β-) or Negatron
* Beta (β+) or Positron
* Electron Capture
* Internal Conversion

Answer 24

Beta -

Question 25

Characteristic beta + and emission of an Auger e- (electron capture) are ___?

Answer 25

Competing processes

Question 26

An outer e- fills the vacant spot in a lower orbital she and a ___ is emitted.

Answer 26

Characteristic X-ray

Question 27

E- capture creates a vacancy in an e- shell, the atom reabsorbs energy the ejects an orbital e- with that energy describes?

Answer 27

Auger electron

Question 28

In e- capture,___ is more likely to occur with high Z.

Answer 28

Characteristic

Question 29

In e- capture, ___ is more likely to occur with low Z.

Answer 29

Auger e-

Question 30

In e- capture, energies greater than 1.02 MeV, __ and ___ occur

Answer 30

e- Capture & β+

Question 31

In e- capture, at energies less than 1.02 MeV, ___ occur

Answer 31

E- capture

Question 32

Nucleus has excess energy after an interaction and passes it to an orbital electron. E- ejected from the atom describes?

Answer 32

internal conversion

Question 33

Alternative to positron decay; unstable nuclei deficient of neutrons seeks to increase n/p ratio

Answer 33

Electron Capture

Question 34

Excess neutrons (high n/p) ratio, and it must be reduced. E- is emitted. This describes?

Answer 34

β-

Question 35

When half-life of parent is NOT much longer than the daughter describes __ equilibrium

Answer 35

Transient

Question 36

When half-life of parent IS much longer than the daughter describes __ equilibrium

Answer 36

Secular

Question 37

An element is bombarded with an alpha particle, gives off proton

Answer 37

Proton Bombardment (α, proton)

Question 38

A Nucleus is bombarded with a deuteron and emits a proton or a neutron

Answer 38

Deuteron Bombardment

Question 39

A high energy photon hits a nucleus and emits a nucleon(s). Most of the time, it emits a neutron.

Answer 39

Photodisintegration

Question 40

A nucleus is bombarded with a neutron and emits an alpha particle

Answer 40

Neutron Bombardment (n,
γ)

Question 41

Occurs when high Z nuclei are bombarded by neutrons. After absorbing the neutrons, it splits into nuclei of lower Z, as well as more neutrons

Answer 41

Fission