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Introduction to Health Care > Exam Review > Flashcards

Exam Review Flashcards

1
Q

Assessment

A

Gather information; a step in a charting the health care professional’s impression of what is wrong with the patient, based on the signs and symptoms.

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2
Q

Auditory learners

A

A person who learns best by hearing new material

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3
Q

Bias

A

Opinion made before facts are known.

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4
Q

Career ladder

A

The various levels within an occupational area that require different amounts of education and training.

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5
Q

Certification

A

The process of determining whether a person has met predetermined standards

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6
Q

Diagnostic

A

Pertaining to identify and determining the cause and extent of diseases and Injuries

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7
Q

Integrity

A

Personal characteristic reflected as honesty choosing the right rather than easy way conducting oneself honestly and morally

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8
Q

Kinesthetic Learner

A

The person who learns new material best through the performance of hands on activities

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9
Q

Learning style

A

The theory proposing that individuals learn in different ways the most common categories are classified by sense

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10
Q

Licensure

A

A designation that means a person has been granted permission to legally perform certain acts

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11
Q

Manual dexterity

A

Skill in working with one’s hand

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12
Q

Objective data

A

Direct observation made by the health care professional to evaluate a patient’s condition

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13
Q

Opinion

A

Beliefs that are not based on certainty or are made without researching the facts

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14
Q

Problem solving process

A

A sequence of organized steps to follow when making decisions

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15
Q

Registration

A

Being placed on an official list after meeting the educational and testing requirement for specific profession

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16
Q

Reliable

A

Trustworthy

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17
Q

Scope of practice

A

A description or list of skills that a specific occupational title is legally allowed to perform

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18
Q

Signs

A

Objective evidence gathered by health care professional about a patients condition

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19
Q

Subjective data

A

Information the patient tells health care professionals about his or her condition which cannot be directly observed.

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20
Q

Symptoms

A

Subjective data reported to the health care provider by the patient

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21
Q

Therapeutic

A

Relating to healing and assisting patients to regain or attain maximum wellness

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22
Q

Visual learner

A

A person who learns new material best by seeing it

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23
Q

Acupuncture

A

Chinese medicine treatment in which tiny needles are inserted into specific points in the body to alleviate pain and relieve various physical, mental and emotional conditions

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24
Q

Adult foster home

A

A setting such as a family style home that provides 24- hrs personal care, meals and supervision for a small number of residents

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25
Q

Alternative medicine

A

Health care systems, practices, and products that have not traditionally been performed by practitioners of western medicine; or practices used instead of conventional medication

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26
Q

Alzheimer’s disease

A

Progressive disease, degenerative disorder that attacks the Brain’s nerve cells resulting in memory loss, impaired thinking and , language skills and changes in behavior

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27
Q

Assisted living residence

A

Facility that provides housing meals and personal care to individuals who need help with daily activities but do not need daily nursing care; may also be referred to as supportive housing residential long term care facilities adult residential care facilities Board and care and rest home.

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28
Q

Chiropractic

A

Health care practice based on belief that pressure on the nerves leaving the spinal column causes pain and dysfunction of the body part served by that nerve

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29
Q

Complementary medicine

A

Health care practices, products, and approaches to health care that have not traditionally been performed in conventional medical offices practices used together with conventional medicine.

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30
Q

Continuing care community

A

Provides a variety of living arrangement that support lifestyle as they change from independent living to the need for regular medical and nursing care.

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31
Q

Dementia

A

Decline in memory and or other thinking skills

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32
Q

Expanding consciousness

A

The A theory development by Margaret Newman, RN, to assist, patients in making their lives as meaningful as possible by focusing on their lives as meaningful as possible by focusing on their possibilities rather than limitation.

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33
Q

Gene therapy

A

The insertion of normal DNA into cells to correct a genetic defect or to treat certain diseases

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34
Q

Guided imagery

A

The use of words and music to evoke positive imaginary scenarios in a person with the purpose of bringing about some beneficial effect

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35
Q

Holistic medicine

A

Health care practices based on the belief that all aspects of the individual- physical, mental, emotional, spiritual and environmental- contribute to states of health and disease.

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36
Q

Homeopathy

A

A health care practice that is based on the idea that “ like cures like” disorder are treated with very small amounts of the nature substance that cause symptoms of the same disorder in Healthy people.

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37
Q

Hospice

A

A facility or service that offers palliative ( relieves but does not cure) care and support to dying patients and their families

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38
Q

Inpatient

A

Admitted to and treated within a hospital

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39
Q

Integrative medicine

A

Combines treatments for conventional medicine with complementary and medicine for which there is high quality scientific evidence of safety and effectiveness also called integrated medicine.

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40
Q

Immediate nursing care facility

A

A type of nursing home that provides personal care social services and regular nursing for individual who do not require 24-hr nursing but unable to care for themselves

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41
Q

Massage therapy

A

Manipulation of soft tissue by rubbing or kneading to achieve health benefits

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42
Q

Medicaid

A

Federally funded but state administered insurance plan for individuals who qualify due to low income

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43
Q

Adult

A

Someone who is 18 years of age and older

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44
Q

Advance directive

A

Written documents that detail the patients wishes regarding health care decisions consists of the living will and the durable power of attorney

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45
Q

Agent

A

Someone who has the authority to represent another person

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46
Q

Assault

A

Any threatened or implied act whether carried out or not

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47
Q

Autonomy

A

Self determination

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48
Q

Battery

A

Unauthorized touching of another person

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49
Q

Breach of contact

A

When one of the parties in a contract fails to fulfill its part of the agreement

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50
Q

Code of ethics

A

Principles created by professional organizations to serve as a guide for the conduct of health care professionals in that occupation.

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51
Q

Confidentiality

A

Preserving the legal rights of a patient to privacy concerning his or her medical affairs

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52
Q

Consent

A

To give permission

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53
Q

Contract

A

Promise that is enforceable by law

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54
Q

Damages

A

Money to compensate for an injury or loss

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55
Q

Defamation of character

A

A legal charge for disclosing unauthorized information that could harm the reputation of another

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56
Q

Designation of health care surrogate

A

A legally recognized document in which individuals designate specific people to act on their behalf if they become unable to make health care decisions for themselves

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57
Q

Discreet

A

Being careful about what you say preserving confidences and respecting privacy

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58
Q

Emancipated minor

A

Someone younger than age 18 who is financially independent, married, or in the military

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59
Q

Ethical dilemma

A

When the underlying principles of an ethical system appear to contradict each other and no clear answer emerges

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60
Q

Ethics

A

A system of principles ( fundamental truths) a society develops to guide decisions making about what is right and wrong it helps people deal with difficult and complex problems that lack easy answer.

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61
Q

Euthanasia

A

Performing a deliberate action that results in a painless easy death for individuals with an incurable disease same as mercy killing.

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62
Q

Express consent

A

Permission that is given orally or in writing to receive treatment more formal than implied consent.

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63
Q

Expressed contract

A

Result of the parties in a contract discussing and agreeing on specific terms and condition.

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64
Q

False imprisonment

A

A legal claim patients can charge if they are held against their will unless they are mentally incompetent or a danger to themselves or others.

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65
Q

Fraud

A

A form of dishonesty that involves cheating or trickery

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66
Q

Chronic illness

A

Health problem of long duration in which the disease condition shows little change or slowly gets progressively worse.

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67
Q

Cognition development

A

The growth of intellectual processes of thought, awareness, and the ability to rationally comprehend the world and determine meaning.

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68
Q

Development

A

The mental, emotionally, and social growth of individuals as they progress through life stages.

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69
Q

Erikson’s stage of psychosocial development

A

A theory based on the psychosocial challenge that are presented to individuals as they progress through life stages.

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70
Q

Gillian Stage of ethic of care

A

A theory identifying the stages of development in women based on their caring effects on human relationship.

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71
Q

Growth

A

Refers to the physical changes that normally take place as the body matures.

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72
Q

Kohlesberg Moral stage

A

A theory identifying the stages of moral developmental in humans

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73
Q

Life review

A

Telling the events of one’s life as a form of self-evaluation and closure as the end of life approaches

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74
Q

Physical development

A

The maturation of emotions attitudes, and other aspects of the mind, in addition to the individual’s interaction and relationships with other members of society.

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75
Q

Piaget’s cognitive stages

A

A theory identifying the cognitive (intellectual) stages of development

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76
Q

Psychosocial development

A

The maturation of emotions, attitudes, and other aspect of the mind in addition to the individual’s interactions and relationship with other member of memory.

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77
Q

Stages of dying

A

Stages that dying people may experience as they face the fact of their own death the five stages are denial anger, bargaining, depression, and acceptance.

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78
Q

Terminal illness

A

An illness from which the patient is expected to die because there is no known cure.

79
Q

Aerobic

A

Requires oxygen to live

80
Q

AIDS

A

A disease that occur when an HIV positive person develops signs and symptoms of a weakened immune system.

81
Q

Anaerobic

A

Does not require oxygen to live

82
Q

Antibiotic

A

Classification of medication capable of inhibiting the growth of or destroying microorganism

83
Q

Antiseptic

A

Chemical agents that prevent or inhibit growth of microorganism

84
Q

Asepsis

A

Methods used to make the patient, the professional and the environment as pathogen free as possible

85
Q

Bacteria

A

One-called microorganism that can be either pathogenic or nonpathogen

86
Q

Bacteriocidal

A

A method or chemical that kills bacteria also called germicidal

87
Q

Bacteriostatic

A

A method or chemical that inhibits the growth of bacteria

88
Q

CDC

A

A government agency that formulates safety guidelines to help prevent and control the spread of infectious diseases.

89
Q

Chain of infection

A

Defines six criteria that must be present for an infection to develop.

90
Q

Communicable disease

A

A disease that can be transmitted either directly or indirectly from one individual to another

91
Q

Contaminated

A

infection material is present

92
Q

Disinfection

A

Agents or methods that destroy most bacteria and virus

93
Q

Fungi

A

Microorganism stat represent a large group of organisms that are neither plant nor animals. They have unique characteristics that are not shared by other organisms and are thus placed in a kingdom of their own.

94
Q

Germ Theory

A

A theory that states that specific microorganism called bacteria are the cause of specific diseases in both humans and animals

95
Q

Hepatitis B

A

A virus that causes a blood borne infection. An occupational health bazar for health care professionals

96
Q

HIV Positive

A

The condition of being infected by the human immunodeficiency virus

97
Q

Host

A

Living plants or animals from which microorganisms derive nourishment

98
Q

Immune response

A

Defense used by the body to fight infection and disease by producing antibodies

99
Q

Infection control

A

Procedures to be followed to prevent the spread of infectious diseases

100
Q

Infectious disease

A

Disease caused by growth of pathogens

101
Q

Medical asepsis

A

Procedures to decrease the numbers and spread of pathogens in the environment.

102
Q

Compatibility

A

The ability to be combined without unfavorable results

103
Q

Emergency preparedness plan

A

Policy and procedures to be followed when an event occurs that has the potential to kill or injure a group of people.

104
Q

Environmental Safety

A

The identification and corrections of potential hazards that can cause accidents and injuries

105
Q

Flammable

A

Easily set on fire

106
Q

Incident report

A

Written document that is filled out when any unsuspected situation occurs that can cause harm to a patient, an employee or any other patient

107
Q

Inflammable

A

Easily set on fire

108
Q

PASS

A

Acronym for proper use of a portable fire extinguisher ( Pull the pin, Aim the nozzle at the base of fire, Squeeze the handle and sweep back and forth along the base of the fire.

109
Q

RACE

A

Acronym for responding to fires ( Remove patients, sound Alarms, Contain the fire, Extinguish the fire or Evacuate the area.

110
Q

Toxic

A

Poisonous

111
Q

Triage System

A

Guidelines to determine which patients to send where and what treatment will be given during an emergency

112
Q

Culture

A

The values, Shared beliefs and attitude, social organization, family and personal relationships, language, everyday activities, religious practices and concept of time and space of a given group of people.

113
Q

Defense mechanism

A

Behaviors that are usually performed unconsciously, in response to perceived threats to self-esteem; often provide temporary relief from mental discomfort and anxiety.

114
Q

Dominant Culture

A

Beliefs and behavior that are generally considered to be foundational for a society or country.

115
Q

Maslow hierarchy of needs

A

A model that categorizes and ranks basic human needs into five areas in an effort to explain on human behavior is motivated by efforts to meet these needs.

116
Q

Personal space

A

The distance at which people feel comfortable when carrying on a conversation

117
Q

Philosophy of individual worth

A

A view based on the belief that every human being regardless of personal circumstances or personal qualities, has worth.

118
Q

Physiological needs

A

Level one in maslow’s hierarchy of needs that must be satisfied in order to maintain life, these include oxygen, water and food.

119
Q

Prejudice

A

A negative feeling about a person because he or she belongs to a specific cultural or racial group.

120
Q

Self actualization

A

Level 5 of maslow’s hierarchy of needs, defined as the achievement of one’s greatest potential

121
Q

Self esteem

A

An individual’s opinion of himself or herself.

122
Q

Active listening

A

Listening characterized by focusing daily on what a speaker is sayings

123
Q

Asking questions

A

A communication technique used to request clarification and additional information

124
Q

Barriers

A

Blocks to communication

125
Q

Clinical depression

A

Severe, persistent depression marked by specific symptom such as insomnia, feeling of worthlessness and inability to experience pleasure in activities previously enjoyed

126
Q

Closed ended questions

A

Inquiries that can be answered with a single word or response of “ yes” or “ no”

127
Q

Communication

A

Process in which message are exchanged and meaning interpreted between a sender and a receiver.

128
Q

Empathy

A

Striving to understand another person’s attitude, feels and behavior

129
Q

Feedback

A

A method by which the receiver of communication can check his or her understanding of what the sender has said

130
Q

Leading question

A

Inquiries in which all or part of answer is included in the wording of the question.

131
Q

Learning objective

A

Educational goals. What students accomplish are to accomplish as the result of a lesson

132
Q

Non- verbal communication

A

Meaning conveyed by form of tone of voice, Body language, gestures,fascial expressions, touch and physical experience.

133
Q

Opened ended question

A

Inquires that require more than a word one response used to encourage patients to provide more detailed information or explanation.

134
Q

Pantomime

A

Using body movement and gestures to convey ideas or actions.

135
Q

Paraphrasing

A

Rewording the sender’s message in the listeners own words and asking the sender for confirmation.

136
Q

Probing questions

A

Inquiries that request additional information or clarifications

137
Q

Receivers

A

In communication the person to whom the sender directs a message also called a listener.

138
Q

Reflecting

A

A communication technique that involves prompting the sender to either complete or add more detail to the original message.

139
Q

Requesting example

A

A communication technique to get additional clarifying information.

140
Q

Sender

A

In communication the person who creates an delivers a message, also called the speaker.

141
Q

Sympathy

A

Pity felt for another person.

142
Q

Therapeutic communication

A

Communication that employs certain technique specifically aimed at meeting the needs of the needs of the patients.

143
Q

Afebrile

A

A temperature that is within the normal range

144
Q

Apnea

A

Absence of respiration

145
Q

Bradycardia

A

A heart rate that is below the normal range

146
Q

Bradypnea

A

A respiratory rate that is below the normal range.

147
Q

Cheyenne strokes

A

A breathing pattern that has a period of apnea followed by gradually increasing of depth and frequency of respiration.

148
Q

Dyspnea

A

Labored breathing or difficulty with breathing

149
Q

Eupnea

A

Breathing that is within the normal range, is unlabored and has a rhythm.

150
Q

Exhalation

A

The part of the respiratory cycle when air is removed from the lungs

151
Q

Febrile

A

A temperature that is elevated above the normal range

152
Q

Hypertension

A

Condition in which the blood pressure is above the normal range.

153
Q

Hypotension

A

Condition in which the blood pressure is below the normal range

154
Q

Inhalation

A

The part of the respiratory cycle when air enter the lung

155
Q

Orthopnea

A

When a patient has difficulty breathing unless in a sitting or standing position.

156
Q

Orthostatic hypertension

A

Rapid lowering of the blood pressure as a result of changing positions.

157
Q

Pulse deficit

A

The rate of difference between a pulse point and an apical rate when they are taken simultaneously.

158
Q

Pulse points

A

Specific sites on the body where arterial pulsation can be felt.

159
Q

Respiration

A

The process of taking air into and removing air from the lungs, one respiration includes one full cycle of inhalation and exhalation.

160
Q

Sphygmomanometer

A

An instrument that records the blood pressure

161
Q

Stethoscope

A

An instrument that amplifies so they can be heard coming from within the body

162
Q

Tachycardia

A

A heart rate that is above normal range

163
Q

Tachypnea

A

A respiratory rate that is above the normal range.

164
Q

Vital signs

A

Measuring the blood pressure, temperature, pulse, and respiration to give some indications of how the body is functioning.

165
Q

Account payable

A

Amount owed to another business for services, supplies, or equipment.

166
Q

Account receivable

A

Amount due from a customer for services, supplies, or equipment.

167
Q

Capitation

A

Payment of a fixed fee by an insurance company to a health care provider for each patient enrolled in a health care plan, regardless of services given to the patients.

168
Q

Coinsurance

A

A cost sharing provision in a health insurance contract that stipulates that the insured person is to assume a percentage of the costs of covered services

169
Q

Copay

A

The set amount that the patient pays when medical services are received.

170
Q

Cost of Money

A

The amount that is lost when money is not invested, often used to refer to money that is owed to a business, but not collected in a timely way.

171
Q

Deductible

A

A amount required to be paid under a health insurance contract by the insured before benefits become payable.

172
Q

Diagnostic related group

A

A classification system of patient based on their diagnosis to predetermined Medicare payments

173
Q

Expenditures

A

The money that must be spent in the process of doing business

174
Q

Fee for service

A

Method of payment in which the patient pays the health care provider an amount from an established schedule of fees

175
Q

Financing

A

The source of money used to run a business

176
Q

Gatekeeper

A

A health care provider often a physician who serves as the patients first contact when entering health care system.

177
Q

Managed care

A

Promotion of cost effective health care through the management and control of its delivery

178
Q

Medicare

A

A federally funded insurance program that is part of the social security administration and provides health insurance for people aged 65 and older, severe disabled and for ssi

179
Q

Medicaid

A

Federally funded but state administered insurance plan for individuals who qualify for low income.

180
Q

Negotiated fees

A

Amount negotiated between insurance companies and health care groups for the cost of services. Depending on plan the patient either pays the difference in actual cost of service or the health care group accepts the negotiated amount as payment in full

181
Q

Pre authorization

A

Approval from an insurance company prior to receiving certain health care services for the purpose of determining medical necessity and cost effectiveness

182
Q

Premium

A

An agreed upon amount paid to an insurance company for the benefits for having the company pay for a specified amount of future health care costs

183
Q

Pre-paid plans

A

J

184
Q

Primary care provider

A

D

185
Q

Profit

A

A

186
Q

Reimbursement

A

P

187
Q

Behavioral question

A

I

188
Q

Illegal question

A

K

189
Q

Job interview

A

L

190
Q

Letter of recommendation

A

C

191
Q

Portfolio

A

Z

192
Q

Reference list

A

A

193
Q

Situational question

A

L

Introduction to Health Care (1 decks)

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