Exam Review Flashcards
a- or an-
without, lack of
ab-
away from
ad-
toward, near
ante-
before, forward, in front of
anti-
against
auto-
self
bi-
double, two
brady-
slow
circum-
around
contra-
against, opposite
de-
down, from
dia-
across, through, apart
dis-
apart, free from
dys-
difficult, abnormal
ecto-
outer, outside
en-
in, into, within
endo-
inner, inside
epi-
over, on
eryth-
red
eu-
normal, healthy
ex-
out
hypo-
decreased
hemi-
half
hyper-
excessive
in-
in
inter-
between
infra-
within
intra-
into
leuk-
white
macro-
large
mal-
illness, disease
meg-
large
micro-
small
mono-
one
muco
mucous
neo-
new
non-
not
olig-
small
para-
beside
per-
by
peri-
around
poly-
many
post-
after
pre-
before
pro-
before
re-
again
retro-
backward
sang-
bloods
semi-
half
sero-
thin, watery fluid
sub-
under
super-
above
supra-
above
tachy-
rapid
trans-
across
uni-
one
abdomin(o)
abdomen
aden(o)
gland
adren(o)
adrenal gland
angi(o)
vessel
arteri(o)
artery
arthr(o)
joint
bronch(o)
bronchus
cardi(o)
heart
cephal(o)
head
chol(o)
bile
chondr(o)
cartilage
col
colon, large intestine
cost(o)
rib
crani(o)
skull
cyan(o)
blue
cyst(o)
bladder, cyst
cyt(o)
cell
dent(o)
tooth
derma(o)
skin
duoden(o)
duodenum
encephal(o)
brain
enter(o)
intestines
fibr(o)
fibre
gastr(o)
stomach
gloss(o)
tongue
gluc(o)
glucose
glyc(o)
sugar
gyn(o)
woman
hema, hemo(o)
blood
hepat(o)
liver
hydr(o)
water
hyster(o)
uterus
ile(o), ili(o)
ileum
lapar(o)
abdomen
laryng(o)
larynx
lith(o)
stone
mamm(o)
breast, mammary gland
mast(o)
mammary gland, breast
men(o)
menstruation
my(o)
muscle
myel(o)
spinal cord, bone marrow
necr(o)
death
nephr(o)
kidney
neur(o)
nerve
ocul(o)
eye
oophor(o)
ovaries
ophthalm(o)
eye
orth(o)
straight
oste(o)
bone
ot(o)
ear
ped(o)
child, foot
pharyng(o)
pharynx
phleb(o)
vein
pnea
breathing, respiration
pneum(o)
lung, air
proct(o)
rectum
psych(o)
mind
pulm(o)
lung
py(o)
pus
rect(o)
rectum
salping(o)
fallopian or uterine tube
rhin(o)
nose
splen(o)
spleen
sten(o)
narrow, constriction
stern(o)
sternum
stomat(o)
mouth
therm(o)
heat
thorac(o)
chest
thromb(o)
thrombus, clot
thyr(o)
thyroid
tox(o)
poison
toxic(o)
poison, poisonous
trache(o)
trachea
ur(o)
urine, urinary tract
urethr(o)
urethra
urin(o)
urine
uter(o)
uterus
vas(o)
blood vessel, vas deferens
ven(o)
vein
vertebr(o)
spine, vertebrae
-algia
pain
-asis
condition
-cele
hernia
-centesis
puncture and aspiration of cell
-cyte
cell
-duction
make something happen
-ectasis
dilation, stretching
-ectomy
excision, removal of
-emia
blood condition
-genesis
development, production of
-genic
producing, causing
-gram
record
-graph
diagram, recording instrument
-graphy
making a recording
-iasis
condition of
-ism
a condition
-itis
inflammation
-logy
study of
-lysis
destruction of
-megaly
enlargement
-meter
measuring instrument
-metry
measurement
-oma
tumour
-osis
condition
-pathy
disease
-penia
lack, deficiency
-phasia
speaking
-phobia
exaggerated fear
-plasty
surgical repair or reshaping
-plegia
paralysis
-ptosis
falling
-rrhage
excessive flow
-rraphy
stitching, suturing
-rrhea
profuse flow, discharge
-scope
examination instrument
-scopy
examination using a scope
-stasis
maintenance
-stomy
creation of an opening
-tomy
incision
-uria
condition of the urine
RUQ
Right upper quadrant
LUQ
Left upper quadrant
RLQ
Right lower quadrant
LLQ
Left lower quadrant
anterior (ventral)
at or toward the front of the body/part
distal
part farthest from the centre or from point of attachment
lateral
farthest away from the midline of the body
medial
closest to the midline of the body
posterior (dorsal)
back surface of the body
proximal
nearest to the trunk of the body or point of origin
AAT
actvities as tolerated
abd
abdomen
ac
before meals
ADL
activities of daily living
ad lib
as desired
a.m
morning
amb
ambulatory
amt
amount
bid
twice a day
bm
bowel movement
BP
blood pressure
BRP
bathroom privileges
C
centigrade
CA
cancer
cath
catheter
CBC
complete blood count
CBR
complete bed rest
c/o
complains of
CO2
carbon dioxide
CPR
cardiopulmonary resuscitation
d/c
discontinue, discharge
DOA
dead on arrival
w/c
wheelchair
VS
vital signs
PWB
partial weight bearing
DON
director of nursing
Dx
diagnosis
ECG, EKG
electrocardiogram
EEG
electroencephalogram
ED
emergency department
0 F
Fahrenheit
FBS
fasting blood sugar
gal
gallon
GI
gastrointestinal
h, hr
hour
h20
water
hs
hour of sleep
Ht
height
IADL
instrumental activities of daily living
I&O
intake and output
in.
inch
IV
intravenous
lab
laboratory
LPN
licensed practical nurse
LVN
licensed vocational nurse
meds
medications
min
minute
mL
millilitre
neg
negative
NPO
nothing by mouth
02
oxygen
OB
obstetrics
OR
operating room
OT
occupational therapy
pc
after meals
peds
pediatrics
per
by, through
p.m
after noon
po
by mouth
post op
postoperative
pre op
preoperative
prep
preperation
pt
patient
prn
when necessary, as needed
PT
physiotherapy
qh
every hour
q2h
every two hours
qhs
every night at bedtime
qid
four times a day
R
rectal temperature, respiration, right
RBC
red blood cell, red blood count
RN
registered nurse
ROM
range of motion
RPN
registered practical nurse
s
without
w
with
SOB
shortness of breath
stat
immediately
tbsp
tablespoon
tid
three times a day
TLC
tender loving care
TPR
temperature, pulse, respirations
tsp
teaspoon
u/a
urinanalysis
WBC
white blood cell, white blooc count
wt
weight
most communication about patients is in _________ format
written
documentation contributes to the _______ off care for patients
continuity
what does a patient’s health care record (chart) contain?
confidential information
what information may be in a patient’s chart
-medical history
-daily progress reports
-vital sign records
-fluid balance sheets
-laboratory results
-reports by allied health professionals
what are the forms most commonly used by health care aides
- nursing Kardex
- fluid balance record
- ADL flow sheets
a patient’s health care record is a ______ document
legal
all entries must be _________ and _______so that there is no misunderstanding of their meaning
accurate
legible
what are some charting guidelines
- understand what you are supposed to be documenting
- make sure you have the right patient
- include date and time in entries
- be brief
- record things only you have done
- chart in chronological order
- use a pen
- draw a line through centre and write error when mistakes are made
- sign each entry
define: prefix
word element placed at the beginning of a word that changes the meaning
hemiplegia
half paralysis
dyspnea
difficulty breathing
bronchoscopy
bronchi examination
laryngitis
larynx inflammation
leukocyte
white cell
ophthalmoscope
eye examination
tachycardia
rapid heart
glucometer
glucose measuring
mammogram
breast exam
splenectomy
spleen incision/removal
aphasia
lack of speaking
aphagia
difficulty swallowing
arthralgia
joint pain
psychosis
mind condition
pyrrhea
pus discharge
define: abbreviations
shortened forms of words/terms
true or false: each facility has its own list of approved abbreviations
true
which two laws ensure patient confidentiality
FIPPA and PHIA
define: group
two or more persons who interact over time and share common needs and goals
group members are held together and set apart by ________ of their ____________ and _______________
virtue
interactions interdependance
groups exist to help people ________ __________ that would be unattainable by ___________ effort alone
achieve
goals
individual
much of the strength of a group is the result of members combining their ________, ______ and _______ into a common effort
knowledge
efforts
creativity
define: team
special kind of group that is brought together for a very specific purpose, characterized by the complementary talents of its members
what are some benefits to functioning in groups
- provide access to a greater range of resources
- promote critical and careful analysis of problems and solutions
- stimulate each member’s critical thinking and problem solving abilities
- encourage risk taking
- learn from others
- collaboration
- peer support
- economomical and cost effective
what are the limitations to functioning in groups
- time consuming
- suppress individuality and encourage conformity
- different personalities
name some of the types of groups:
- primary group
- secondary group
- task group
- teaching group
- self help group
- therapy group
define: primary group
small, intimate group, personal, sentimental, cooperative
give an example of a primary group
friends
family
define: secondary group
larger, more impersonal, less sentimental
give an example of a secondary group
classmates
coworkers
which task group is a critical role in our lives and help shape us
primary group
define: task group
focus on completion of task
define: teaching group
providing information to participants
define: self help group
individuals who share a similiar problem
define: therapy group
members work toward self understanding and changing certain behaviours
give an example of a task group
patient care conference
policy development
give an example of a teaching group
parenting class
give an example of a self help group
alcoholics’ anonymous
key ingredients to relationships in a therapeutic group
- mutual trust
- respect and acceptance
- caring
- therapeutic communication techniques
what are the three stages of group development
- initiation
- working
- termination
whats another name for the initiation stage
orientation/introductory
whats another name for the working stage
functional
whats another name for the termination stage
dissolution
what happens in the initiation stage
- get acquainted
- identify problems and goals
- clarify roles
- dependant on leader
what happens in the working stage
- work together
- assimilation of attitudes and beliefs
what happens in the termination stage
- summarize accomplishments
- review unmet goals
- evaluate group experience
- prepare for seperation
name 4 group member roles
- starter
- information and opinion giver
- encourager
- tension reliever
which two member roles are part of task roles
- starter
- information and opinion giver
which two roles are part of the maintenance roles
- encourager
- tension reliever
define: starter role
propose goals and tasks to initiate action within the group
define: information and opinion giver role
offer facts and opinions, ideas and relevant information to help group discussion
define: task role
focus on the tasks of the group, enhance and coordinate groups movement toward goals
define: maintenance roles
creating and maintaining environment that promotes groups continuity, cohesion and stability
define: encourager role
invites members to participate
define: tension reliever role
tries to minimize conflict and increases the enjoyment of group members
define: self serving roles
satisfy individual needs, does not enhance group effectiveness
what are the two self serving roles
- aggressor
- self confessor
define: aggressor
deflates status of others by expressing dissaproval
define: self confessor
uses the group to express personal feelings
effective atmosphere
comfortable, relaxed
ineffective atmosphere
tense, boredom
effective goal setting
clarification
ineffective goal setting
unclear
effective leadership and member participation
members rotate leadership
ineffective leadership and member participation
one person dominating
effective communication
open, two way
ineffective communication
closed, one way
effective decision making
appropriate to the situation
ineffective decision making
minimal involvement by members
effective cohesion
inclusion, trust, support
ineffective cohesion
ignored
effective conflict tolerance
seeks to resolve disagreements
effective power
power is shared
what are some of the steps in searching for and obtaining a job
- self appraisal
- searching for employment
- preparing resume
- applying
- interview
- whether or not to take job
what are some examples of assets
- kind of patients you would like to work with
- special skills you have
- caring attitude
examples of limitations
- home responsibilities
- available hours
- transportation concerns
- child care issues
what is the mission of the conference board
help business and education leaaders to work collaboratively to promote a learning society that will prepare young people for a changing world
what are the three employability skills
- fundamental
- personal management
- teamwork
what are some fundamental skills
- communication
- manage information
- use numbers
- think and solve problems
what are some personal management skills
- demonstrate positive attitudes and behaviours
- be responsible
- be adaptable
- learn continuously
- work safely
what are some teamwork skills
- work with others
- participate in projects and tasks
define: job line
telephone service that keeps an up to date recording of all available positions
what are the two types of resumes
- chronological
- functional
your resume should include:
- personal information
- educational background
- work experience
- other information
- references
define: reference
list of people who know you and can verify your abilities
what should you do when preparing for an interview
- know your strengths and skills
- learn about the facility
- practice answering questions
- know the interviewers name and position
- take your resume
- arrive early
- appropriate outfit
what should you do when arriving at the interview
- offer handshake
- stand until invited to sit
- let them guide the conversation
- be friendly
- smile
- avoid one word answers
- be positive, enthusiastic
which questions can an interviewer not ask
- ethnic background
- age
- marital status
- personal finances
- religious affirmation
aphasia
difficulty speaking
aphagia
difficulty swallowing
hypertension
high blood pressure
hypotension
low blood sugar
dysuria
difficulty urinating
dyspnea
abnormal/difficulty breathing
hematuria
blood in the urine
cystitis
inflammation of the bladder
neuralgia
nerve pain
bilateral
both sides
anterior
towards the front
distal
furthest from the point of attachment
dorsal
back
afebrile
no fever
febrile
fever
NPO
nothing by mouth
qhs
every night at bedtime
NWB
non weight bearing
BKA
below knee amputation
DAT
diet as tolerated
dermatitis
skin inflammation
arthritis
joint inflammation
DOB
date of birth
gtts
drops
qod
every other day
BR
bed rest
prn
when necessary
-scopy
examination with a scope
-itis
inflammation
neuro
nerve
nocturia
peeing during the night
